lecture 4: federalism
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Lecture 4: Federalism. Concept of Federalism. Federal vs Unitary. Concurrent powers. Fed. State. Division of powers. What areas are exclusively federal responsibilities? coin money, wage war, regulate immigration and citizenship - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Lecture 4: Federalism
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Concept of Federalism
• Federal vs Unitary
FedState
Concurrent powers
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Division of powers
• What areas are exclusively federal responsibilities?
• coin money, wage war, regulate immigration and citizenship
• What areas are exclusively or mostly state responsibilities?
• establish local governments, ratify constitutional amendments, education
• What areas are concurrent?• Tax, borrow money, set up courts
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Advantages of a decentralized federal system?
• Better reflects local or regional differences• example: minimum wage
• allows for experimentation• example: Oregon’s assisted suicide?
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Disadvantages of federalism
• can inhibit trade and mobility• example: state tuition
• can promote a race to the bottom• example: lower state taxes, lax environmental laws
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Gibbons v Ogden (1824)
• Facts of the case• Result: Ct. interpreted “interstate
commerce” broadly, giving greater power to Congress and the federal government.
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Civil War
• Are states sovereign--with the right to join and leave the union as they please?
• Article I, section 10--”no confederacies”• “We the People”, not “we the states”
• Outcome of the War:
No!
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Post Civil War Era
• Growth of big business and national economy
necessary action by fed govt: starting with regulating railroads, and monopolies
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Great Depression and New Deal (1929-41)
• Works Project Administration• Social Security• and much more--eventually with USSC
approval• Wickard v Filburn (1942)• digression--Raich v Gonzalez (2005)
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Civil Rights and Integration (1954-74)
• Federal laws and federal troops integrating schools and public accommodations
• Heart of Atlanta Motel v United States (1964)
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Great Society (1963-69)
• War On Poverty• Medicare• Medicaid
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Reagan “revolution” and devolution
• Less “strings” on reduced federal funding for state programs--from categorical to block grants
- Example of “Welfare” reform in 1990s
• Conservative Supreme Ct reducing federal controls over states
- Examples:- US v Lopez (1995)- US v Morrison (2000) - but more mixed in Raich v Gonzalez (2005)