lecture 8 housing typology 2
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8th lectureHousing Typology
The following sheets describe a range of:physical housing types Housing characteristicsHousing design considerations
The main reference: A PDF paper prepared for the Northwest Corridor Development Approach, USA, June 2005, by: The Metropolitan Design Center | College of Architecture and Landscape Architecture | University of Minnesota
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HOUSING TYPES• There are so many different names used to describe buildings where people
live.• Housing types according to their physical composition are basically
categorized under two main divisions:(A) Free-standing or detached dwellings
(B) Attached or multi-user dwellings
• Both classes may vary greatly in scale and amount of accommodation provided.
• Although there appear to be many different types, many are purely matters of style rather than spatial arrangement or scale.
Single detached
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Multi-family residential is a classification of housing where multiple separate housing units are contained within one building. The most common form is an apartment building.
B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES
In this paper we will study 3 main types of multi-dwelling accommodations:1. Small detached buildings containing from 2-8 unites in 1 to 4 floor
buildings.2. Long attached row buildings containing several units in 1 to 4
floors.3. Large detached building containing huge amounts of unites on
many floors.
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B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES
What are the alternative arrangements (typology) of residential accommodations in a multi- use building?
1. A building comprising two units either side-by-side is typically considered as semi-detached or twin homes on separate properties, sharing a wall.
2. By contrast, a duplex house is a dwelling comprising two units on two different floors.
3. Duplex house are two single dwelling units separated over two floors, connected by an indoor staircase.
4. Similarly, a triplex house refers to three apartments spread out over three floors.
5. The term "duplex" can also be extended to four-plex or quadr-plex.
6. Because of the flexibility of the term, the is almost no line between an apartment building and a duplex.
7. Apartment buildings tending to be bigger, while duplexes are usually the size of a normal house.
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Two-unite or Duplex house: A building basically like a house, built on a house lot, consisting of an apartment taking up the first floor, and another taking up the second floor.usually a common basement, a common front entrance, foyer, and stairs to the second floor, and often a similar back entrance, foyer, and stairs.
B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES
Twin house or semi-detached:One building consisting of two separate "houses", typically side by side, each with separate entrances and without common inside areas. Each of the two houses has separate owners.
Three-unite or Triplex:
A building similar to the duplex, except there are three appartments over each other.
Four-unite or four-plex:
A building similar to the duplex, except there are four appartments. In some cases, the arrangement of apartments may be different and the lot size may be larger than that of a regular house.
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B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES 1
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B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES 1
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• Originally associated with the working class.
• In many cities terraced housing was favored over the apartment building.
Row house in the states
B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES
1- Terraced house or Row house or Townhouses, are houses attached to any number of other houses.
• Each house may have multiple floors, side by side, each with their own separate entrances.
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Row house in the UK
B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES
Early example of Row house in Paris
• A style of medium-density housing that originated in Europe in the late 17th century where a row of identical or mirror-image houses share side walls.
• The Place des Vosges (1605 – 1612) was one of the earliest examples of the style.
1- Terraced house or row house or townhouses
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• The shop houses would adjoin each other to form rows with regular façade.
• This mixed use building form characterizes the historical centre of most towns and cities.
• It is vernacular style building type that is commonly seen in areas such as urban Southeast Asia.
B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES
2- Shop-house (mixed use building form):
• It consists of shops on the ground floor which open up to a public in a covered passage, and which has residential accommodation upstairs.
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2- Shop-house:
• Shop houses were initially occupied by single families, with their private living areas in an upper space and the public family business downstairs.
• Residential spaces are meant to accommodate one or more families, or serve as a dormitory for single workers.
• The covered walkway along the road is for public use, providing pedestrians shade from sun and rain.
• Unites can be arranged over the shops or to the back, with separate back or side entrances.
B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES 2
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3- Apartment building:
• A building with multiple floors containing multiple apartments on each floor.
• Apartment building can range in many sizes, some with only a few apartments, other with hundreds of apartments on many floors, or any size in between.
• There are often inside hallways and inside entrances to each apartment.
B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES3
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B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES3
• Apartment blocks have technical and economic advantages in areas with high population density.
• They have become a well-known form of housing accommodation in almost all densely populated urban areas around the world.
• In contrast with low-rise and single-family houses, apartment blocks accommodate more inhabitants per unit of area of land, and also decrease the cost of public infrastructure.
• In recent years, they have become popular with their excellent views, desirable locations and architectural styles, and now command high prices.
3- Apartment building (high Rise):
A Tower block, Apartment tower, or Apartment block
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These high-rise apartment buildings and tower blocks were built in Yemen in the 16th century. They remain the tallest mud brick buildings in the world.
B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES3
3- Apartment building (high Rise):
A Tower block, Apartment tower, or Apartment block
In Roman Egypt seven-storey buildings existed as early as the 3rd century AD in local towns such as Hermopolis.
The medieval Egyptian city of Fustat housed many high-rise residential buildings, some seven stories tall that could accommodate hundreds of people.
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• A Penthouses apartments are typically differentiated from other apartments byluxury features.
• penthouse apartment may have additional exclusive features not found in the majority of apartments in the building, such as: a private entrance or elevator, or higher/vaulted ceilings, having two or more levels, a swimming pool.
B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES 1
1- Single Housing types:
• A penthouse apartment or penthouse apartment is an apartment which is a single dwelling that is on the highest floor of an apartment building.
• If more than one apartment is on the floor then it is not a penthouse, it would just be called a top floor flat or apartment.
• These structures do not occupy the entire roof deck.
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3- Mixed use building:
• A building with space for both commercial, business, or office use, and space for residential use.
• Possible arrangements include the commercial/business use on the first or first couple floors and one or more apartments or residential spaces on the upper floors.
• Another possibility is to have the commercial/business area up front and the residential area in the back.
• An active pedestrian environment.
B) attached or multi-user dwellings
HOUSING TYPES3