Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 10915

Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science

LNAI Series Editors

Randy GoebelUniversity of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Yuzuru TanakaHokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Wolfgang WahlsterDFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

LNAI Founding Series Editor

Joerg SiekmannDFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/1244

Dylan D. Schmorrow • Cali M. Fidopiastis (Eds.)

Augmented Cognition

Intelligent Technologies

12th International Conference, AC 2018Held as Part of HCI International 2018Las Vegas, NV, USA, July 15–20, 2018Proceedings, Part I

123

EditorsDylan D. SchmorrowOffice of Naval ResearchOrlando, FLUSA

Cali M. FidopiastisDesign Interactive, Inc.Orlando, FLUSA

ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)Lecture Notes in Artificial IntelligenceISBN 978-3-319-91469-5 ISBN 978-3-319-91470-1 (eBook)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91470-1

Library of Congress Control Number: 2018943440

LNCS Sublibrary: SL7 – Artificial Intelligence

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of thematerial is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or informationstorage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology nowknown or hereafter developed.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoes not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevantprotective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book arebelieved to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editorsgive a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors oromissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims inpublished maps and institutional affiliations.

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Foreword

The 20th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCI International2018, was held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, during July 15–20, 2018. The event incor-porated the 14 conferences/thematic areas listed on the following page.

A total of 4,373 individuals from academia, research institutes, industry, and gov-ernmental agencies from 76 countries submitted contributions, and 1,170 papers and195 posters have been included in the proceedings. These contributions address thelatest research and development efforts and highlight the human aspects of design anduse of computing systems. The contributions thoroughly cover the entire field ofhuman-computer interaction, addressing major advances in knowledge and effectiveuse of computers in a variety of application areas. The volumes constituting the full setof the conference proceedings are listed in the following pages.

I would like to thank the program board chairs and the members of the programboards of all thematic areas and affiliated conferences for their contribution to thehighest scientific quality and the overall success of the HCI International 2018conference.

This conference would not have been possible without the continuous and unwa-vering support and advice of the founder, Conference General Chair Emeritus andConference Scientific Advisor Prof. Gavriel Salvendy. For his outstanding efforts, Iwould like to express my appreciation to the communications chair and editor of HCIInternational News, Dr. Abbas Moallem.

July 2018 Constantine Stephanidis

HCI International 2018 Thematic Areasand Affiliated Conferences

Thematic areas:

• Human-Computer Interaction (HCI 2018)• Human Interface and the Management of Information (HIMI 2018)

Affiliated conferences:

• 15th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergo-nomics (EPCE 2018)

• 12th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interac-tion (UAHCI 2018)

• 10th International Conference on Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality (VAMR2018)

• 10th International Conference on Cross-Cultural Design (CCD 2018)• 10th International Conference on Social Computing and Social Media (SCSM

2018)• 12th International Conference on Augmented Cognition (AC 2018)• 9th International Conference on Digital Human Modeling and Applications in

Health, Safety, Ergonomics, and Risk Management (DHM 2018)• 7th International Conference on Design, User Experience, and Usability (DUXU

2018)• 6th International Conference on Distributed, Ambient, and Pervasive Interactions

(DAPI 2018)• 5th International Conference on HCI in Business, Government, and Organizations

(HCIBGO)• 5th International Conference on Learning and Collaboration Technologies (LCT

2018)• 4th International Conference on Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population

(ITAP 2018)

Conference Proceedings Volumes Full List

1. LNCS 10901, Human-Computer Interaction: Theories, Methods, and HumanIssues (Part I), edited by Masaaki Kurosu

2. LNCS 10902, Human-Computer Interaction: Interaction in Context (Part II), editedby Masaaki Kurosu

3. LNCS 10903, Human-Computer Interaction: Interaction Technologies (Part III),edited by Masaaki Kurosu

4. LNCS 10904, Human Interface and the Management of Information: Interac-tion, Visualization, and Analytics (Part I), edited by Sakae Yamamoto andHirohiko Mori

5. LNCS 10905, Human Interface and the Management of Information: Infor-mation in Applications and Services (Part II), edited by Sakae Yamamoto andHirohiko Mori

6. LNAI 10906, Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, edited byDon Harris

7. LNCS 10907, Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction: Methods,Technologies, and Users (Part I), edited by Margherita Antona andConstantine Stephanidis

8. LNCS 10908, Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction: Virtual, Aug-mented, and Intelligent Environments (Part II), edited by Margherita Antona andConstantine Stephanidis

9. LNCS 10909, Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality: Interaction, Navigation,Visualization, Embodiment, and Simulation (Part I), edited by Jessie Y. C. Chenand Gino Fragomeni

10. LNCS 10910, Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality: Applications in Health,Cultural Heritage, and Industry (Part II), edited by Jessie Y. C. Chen andGino Fragomeni

11. LNCS 10911, Cross-Cultural Design: Methods, Tools, and Users (Part I), edited byPei-Luen Patrick Rau

12. LNCS 10912, Cross-Cultural Design: Applications in Cultural Heritage, Creativity,and Social Development (Part II), edited by Pei-Luen Patrick Rau

13. LNCS 10913, Social Computing and Social Media: User Experience and Behavior(Part I), edited by Gabriele Meiselwitz

14. LNCS 10914, Social Computing and Social Media: Technologies and Analytics(Part II), edited by Gabriele Meiselwitz

15. LNAI 10915, Augmented Cognition: Intelligent Technologies (Part I), edited byDylan D. Schmorrow and Cali M. Fidopiastis

16. LNAI 10916, Augmented Cognition: Users and Contexts (Part II), edited byDylan D. Schmorrow and Cali M. Fidopiastis

17. LNCS 10917, Digital Human Modeling and Applications in Health, Safety,Ergonomics, and Risk Management, edited by Vincent G. Duffy

18. LNCS 10918, Design, User Experience, and Usability: Theory and Practice(Part I), edited by Aaron Marcus and Wentao Wang

19. LNCS 10919, Design, User Experience, and Usability: Designing Interactions(Part II), edited by Aaron Marcus and Wentao Wang

20. LNCS 10920, Design, User Experience, and Usability: Users, Contexts, and CaseStudies (Part III), edited by Aaron Marcus and Wentao Wang

21. LNCS 10921, Distributed, Ambient, and Pervasive Interactions: UnderstandingHumans (Part I), edited by Norbert Streitz and Shin’ichi Konomi

22. LNCS 10922, Distributed, Ambient, and Pervasive Interactions: Technologies andContexts (Part II), edited by Norbert Streitz and Shin’ichi Konomi

23. LNCS 10923, HCI in Business, Government, and Organizations, edited byFiona Fui-Hoon Nah and Bo Sophia Xiao

24. LNCS 10924, Learning and Collaboration Technologies: Design, Developmentand Technological Innovation (Part I), edited by Panayiotis Zaphiris andAndri Ioannou

25. LNCS 10925, Learning and Collaboration Technologies: Learning and Teaching(Part II), edited by Panayiotis Zaphiris and Andri Ioannou

26. LNCS 10926, Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population: Acceptance, Com-munication, and Participation (Part I), edited by Jia Zhou and Gavriel Salvendy

27. LNCS 10927, Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population: Applications inHealth, Assistance, and Entertainment (Part II), edited by Jia Zhou and GavrielSalvendy

28. CCIS 850, HCI International 2018 Posters Extended Abstracts (Part I), edited byConstantine Stephanidis

29. CCIS 851, HCI International 2018 Posters Extended Abstracts (Part II), edited byConstantine Stephanidis

30. CCIS 852, HCI International 2018 Posters Extended Abstracts (Part III), edited byConstantine Stephanidis

http://2018.hci.international/proceedings

X Conference Proceedings Volumes Full List

12th International Conferenceon Augmented Cognition

Program Board Chair(s): Dylan D. Schmorrowand Cali M. Fidopiastis, USA

• Micah Clark, USA• Martha Crosby, USA• Dan Dolgin, USA• Sven Fuchs, Germany• Rodolphe Gentili, USA• Scott Grigsby, USA• Monte Hancock, USA• Frank Hannigan, USA• Robert Hubal, USA• Øyvind Jøsok, Norway• Ion Juvina, USA• Benjamin Knott, USA• Benjamin J. Knox, Norway• Julie Marble, USA

• Chang S. Nam, USA• Banu Onaral, USA• Robinson Pino, USA• Mannes Poel, The Netherlands• Lauren Reinerman-Jones, USA• Stefan Sütterlin, Norway• Robert Sottilare, USA• Ayoung Suh, Hong Kong, SAR China• Christian Wagner, Hong Kong,

SAR China• Melissa Walwanis, USA• Quan Wang, USA• Martin Westhoven, Germany

The full list with the Program Board Chairs and the members of the Program Boards ofall thematic areas and affiliated conferences is available online at:

http://www.hci.international/board-members-2018.php

HCI International 2019

The 21st International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCI International2019, will be held jointly with the affiliated conferences in Orlando, FL, USA, at WaltDisney World Swan and Dolphin Resort, July 26–31, 2019. It will cover a broadspectrum of themes related to Human-Computer Interaction, including theoreticalissues, methods, tools, processes, and case studies in HCI design, as well as novelinteraction techniques, interfaces, and applications. The proceedings will be publishedby Springer. More information will be available on the conference website:http://2019.hci.international/.

General ChairProf. Constantine StephanidisUniversity of Crete and ICS-FORTHHeraklion, Crete, GreeceE-mail: general_chair@hcii2019.org

http://2019.hci.international/

Contents – Part I

Context Aware Adaptation Strategies in Augmented Cognition

Session Overview: Adaptation Strategiesand Adaptation Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Sven Fuchs

Behaviour Adaptation Using Interaction Patterns with AugmentedReality Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Marcel C. A. Baltzer, Christian Lassen, Daniel López,and Frank Flemisch

Adaptive, Policy-Driven, After Action Review in the GeneralizedIntelligent Framework for Tutoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Keith Brawner, Alan Carlin, Evan Oster, Chris Nucci,and Diane Kramer

Toward Adaptive Training Based on Bio-behavioral Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . 34Alexis Fortin-Côté, Daniel Lafond, Maëlle Kopf, Jean-François Gagnon,and Sébastien Tremblay

The Motivational Assessment Tool (MAT) Developmentand Validation Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Elizabeth Lameier, Lauren Reinerman-Jones, Gerald Matthews,Elizabeth Biddle, and Michael Boyce

A Multi-sensor Approach to Linking Behavior to Job Performance . . . . . . . . 59Alison M. Perez, Amanda E. Kraft, Raquel Galvan-Garza,Matthew Pava, Amanda Barkan, William D. Casebeer,and Matthias D. Ziegler

Leveraging Cognitive Psychology Principles to EnhanceAdaptive Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Anne M. Sinatra

Community Models to Enhance Adaptive Instruction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Robert Sottilare

Biocybernetic Adaptation Strategies: Machine Awareness of HumanEngagement for Improved Operational Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Chad Stephens, Frédéric Dehais, Raphaëlle N. Roy, Angela Harrivel,Mary Carolyn Last, Kellie Kennedy, and Alan Pope

Brain Sensors and Measures for Operational Environments

Do Not Disturb: Psychophysiological Correlates of Boredom, Flowand Frustration During VR Gaming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Klaas Bombeke, Aranka Van Dongen, Wouter Durnez,Alessandra Anzolin, Hannes Almgren, Anissa All, Jan Van Looy,Lieven De Marez, Daniele Marinazzo,and Elena Patricia Núñez Castellar

M.I.N.D. Brain Sensor Caps: Coupling Precise Brain Imagingto Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Gyoung Kim, Joonhyun Jeon, and Frank Biocca

Assessing Operator Psychological States and Performancein UAS Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Jinchao Lin, Gerald Matthews, Lauren Reinerman-Jones,and Ryan Wohleber

Trust in Sensing Technologies and Human Wingmen: Analogiesfor Human-Machine Teams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Joseph B. Lyons, Nhut T. Ho, Lauren C. Hoffmann, Garrett G. Sadler,Anna Lee Van Abel, and Mark Wilkins

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks and Power Spectral DensityFeatures for Motor Imagery Classification of EEG Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

A. F. Pérez-Zapata, A. F. Cardona-Escobar, J. A. Jaramillo-Garzón,and Gloria M. Díaz

Long Term Use Effects of a P300-Based Spelling Application . . . . . . . . . . . 170Cristian-Cezar Postelnicu, Florin Girbacia, Octavian Machidon,and Gheorghe-Daniel Voinea

A Wearable Multisensory, Multiagent Approach for Detection andMitigation of Acute Cognitive Strain: Phase I - Vocalization analysis . . . . . . 180

Anil Raj, Brooke Roberts, Kristy Hollingshead, Neil McDonald,Melissa Poquette, and Walid Soussou

Classification Procedure for Motor Imagery EEG Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201Ellton Sales Barros and Nelson Neto

WebBCI: An Electroencephalography Toolkit Built on ModernWeb Technologies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

Pierce Stegman, Chris Crawford, and Jeff Gray

A Cross-Brain Interaction Platform Based on NeurofeedbackUsing Electroencephalogram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

Rongrong Zhang and Xiaojie Zhao

XVI Contents – Part I

Single-Channel EEG Sleep Stage Classification Basedon K-SVD Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Shigang Zuo and Xiaojie Zhao

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Augmented Cognition

Improving Automation Transparency: Addressing Some of MachineLearning’s Unique Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

Corey K. Fallon and Leslie M. Blaha

Artificial Intelligence for Advanced Human-Machine Symbiosis . . . . . . . . . . 255Scott S. Grigsby

Feature Extraction from Social Media Posts for Psychometric Typingof Participants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Charles Li, Monte Hancock, Ben Bowles, Olivia Hancock, Lesley Perg,Payton Brown, Asher Burrell, Gianella Frank, Frankie Stiers,Shana Marshall, Gale Mercado, Alexis-Walid Ahmed,Phillip Beckelheimer, Samuel Williamson, and Rodney Wade

Intermediate Information Grouping in Cluster Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287Chloe Chun-wing Lo, Markus Hollander, Freda Wan,Alexis-Walid Ahmed, Nikki Bernobić, Nick Nuon, and Michael Shrider

Human-Machine Teaming and Cyberspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299Fernando J. Maymí and Robert Thomson

Automatically Unaware: Using Data Analytics to DetectPhysiological Markers of Cybercrime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

Nancy Mogire, Randall K. Minas, and Martha E. Crosby

Understanding Behaviors in Different Domains: The Role of MachineLearning Techniques and Network Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329

Grace Teo, Lauren Reinerman-Jones, Joseph McDonnell,Hayden J. Trainor, Rainier A. Porras, and Jacob G. Feuerman

A Workflow for Network Analysis-Based Structure Discoveryin the Assessment Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341

Grace Teo, Lauren Reinerman-Jones, Mark E. Riecken,Joseph McDonnell, Scott Gallant, Maartje Hidalgo,and Clayton W. Burford

Augmented Cognition in Virtual and Mixed Reality

Immersion Versus Embodiment: Embodied Cognition for ImmersiveAnalytics in Mixed Reality Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

Denis Gračanin

Contents – Part I XVII

Development and Application of the Hybrid Space App for MeasuringCognitive Focus in Hybrid Contexts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

Øyvind Jøsok, Mathias Hedberg, Benjamin J. Knox, Kirsi Helkala,Stefan Sütterlin, and Ricardo G. Lugo

Identifying Affordance Features in Virtual Reality: How Do VirtualReality Games Reinforce User Experience? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383

Jumin Lee, Jounghae Bang, and Hyunju Suh

Augmented Reality and Telestrated Surgical Support for Point of InjuryCombat Casualty Care: A Feasibility Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395

Geoffrey T. Miller, Tyler Harris, Y. Sammy Choi, Stephen M. DeLellis,Kenneth Nelson, and J. Harvey Magee

Cultivating Environmental Awareness: Modeling Air Quality Datavia Augmented Reality Miniature Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406

Jane Prophet, Yong Ming Kow, and Mark Hurry

Enhancing Audience Engagement Through Immersive 360-Degree Videos:An Experimental Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425

Ayoung Suh, Guan Wang, Wenying Gu, and Christian Wagner

Enhancing Bicycle Safety Through Immersive ExperiencesUsing Virtual Reality Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444

Hiroki Tsuboi, Shuma Toyama, and Tatsuo Nakajima

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457

XVIII Contents – Part I

Contents – Part II

Cognitive Modeling, Perception, Emotion and Interaction

Multi-modal Interruptions on Primary Task Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Pooja P. Bovard, Kelly A. Sprehn, Meredith G. Cunha, Jaemin Chun,SeungJun Kim, Jana L. Schwartz, Sara K. Garver, and Anind K. Dey

Can University Students Use Basic Breathing Activities to RegulatePhysiological Responses Caused by Computer Use? A Pilot Study . . . . . . . . 15

Hubert K. Brumback

Human Performance Augmentation in Context: Using Artificial Intelligenceto Deal with Variability—An Example from Narrative Influence . . . . . . . . . . 32

William D. Casebeer, Matthias Ziegler, Amanda E. Kraft, Jason Poleski,and Bartlett Russell

Human Machine Interactions: Velocity Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Joseph Cottam, Leslie M. Blaha, Kris Cook, and Mark Whiting

Strengthening Health and Improving Emotional Defenses (SHIELD) . . . . . . . 58Seth Elkin-Frankston, Arthur Wollocko, and James Niehaus

Assessment of Wearable Tactile System: Perception, Learning, and Recall . . . 67Linda R. Elliott, Bruce J. P. Mortimer, Rodger A. Pettitt,and Robert E. Wooldridge

Visualization of Network Security Data by Haptic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Manabu Ishihara and Taiki Kanayama

Using Scenarios to Validate Requirements Through the Useof Eye-Tracking in Prototyping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Tia Larsen-Calcano, Omar Ochoa, and Richard Simonson

Measuring Focused Attention Using Fixation Inner-Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Wen Liu, Soussan Djamasbi, Andrew C. Trapp, and Mina Shojaeizadeh

Cognition and Predictors of Password Selection and Usability . . . . . . . . . . . 117Lila A. Loos and Martha E. Crosby

Forget the Password: Password Memory and Security Applicationsof Augmented Cognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Nancy Mogire, Michael-Brian Ogawa, Randall K. Minas,Brent Auernheimer, and Martha E. Crosby

Designing and Evaluating Reporting Systems in the Contextof New Assessments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Diego Zapata-Rivera, Priya Kannan, Carol Forsyth, Stephanie Peters,Andrew D. Bryant, Enruo Guo, and Rodolfo Long

Human Augmentation of UAV Cyber-Attack Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154Haibei Zhu, Mahmoud Elfar, Miroslav Pajic, Ziyao Wang,and Mary L. Cummings

Augmented Learning and Training

Mitigating Skill Decay in Military Instruction and Enemy Analysisvia GIFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Michael W. Boyce, Jeanine A. DeFalco, Robert C. Davis,Erik K. Kober, and Benjamin Goldberg

Developing Accelerated Learning Models in GIFT for Medical Militaryand Civilian Training. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

Jeanine A. DeFalco, R. Stanley Hum, and Michael Wilhelm

Experiential Intelligent Tutoring: Using the Environment to Contextualizethe Didactic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

Benjamin Goldberg and Michael Boyce

Guided Mindfulness: Optimizing Experiential Learning of ComplexInterpersonal Competencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

Richard L. Griffith, Lisa A. Steelman, Nicholas Moon, Sherif al-Qallawi,and Nisha Quraishi

Curriculum for Accelerated Learning Through Mindfulness (CALM). . . . . . . 214Anna Skinner, Cali Fidopiastis, Sebastian Pascarelle,and Howard Reichel

Augmented Reality for Tactical Combat Casualty Care Training . . . . . . . . . . 227Glenn Taylor, Anthony Deschamps, Alyssa Tanaka, Denise Nicholson,Gerd Bruder, Gregory Welch, and Francisco Guido-Sanz

A Workload Comparison During Anatomical Training with a Physicalor Virtual Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

Andrew Wismer, Lauren Reinerman-Jones, Grace Teo, Sasha Willis,Kelsey McCracken, and Matthew Hackett

XX Contents – Part II

Shared Cognition, Team Performance and Decision-Making

Parole Board Personality and Decision Making UsingBias-Based Reasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

Katy Hancock, Payton Brown, Antoinette Hadgis, Markus Hollander,and Michael Shrider

Validation of a Maritime Usability Study with Eye Tracking Data. . . . . . . . . 273Odd Sveinung Hareide and Runar Ostnes

The Wide Area Virtual Environment: A New Paradigm for MedicalTeam Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

Alan Liu, Eric Acosta, Jamie Cope, Valerie Henry, Fernando Reyes,Joseph Bradascio, and Wesley Meek

Using Bots in Strategizing Group Compositions to ImproveDecision–Making Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305

Shai Neumann, Suraj Sood, Markus Hollander, Freda Wan,Alexis-Walid Ahmed, and Monte Hancock

Augmenting Clinical Performance in Combat Casualty Care:Telemedicine to Automation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326

Jeremy C. Pamplin, Ronald Yeaw, Gary R. Gilbert, Konrad L. Davis,Elizabeth Mann-Salinas, Jose Salinas, Daniel Kral,and Loretta Schlachta-Fairchild

Optimizing Team Performance When Resilience Falters:An Integrated Training Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

Debbie Patton, Lisa Townsend, Laura Milham, Joan Johnston,Dawn Riddle, Amanda R. Start, Amy B. Adler, and Karen Costello

A Human Perspective on Maritime Autonomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350Tore Relling, Margareta Lützhöft, Runar Ostnes, and Hans Petter Hildre

Improving Understanding of Mindfulness Concepts and Test Methods. . . . . . 363Melissa M. Walwanis and Derek S. Bryan

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375

Contents – Part II XXI