lecture01
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Design and Implementation of VLSI Systems(EN1600)lecture01
• Introduction• Brief Tour of VLSI Design and Implementation• Class logistics
Lecture 01: the big picture
Objectives of the class
• A VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) system integrates millions of “electronic components” in a small area (few mm2 few cm2).
• Class objective: Learn how to design “efficient” VLSI systems that implement required functionalities.
• What are the design metrics?
• Circuit Speed / Performance• Power consumption• Design Area• Yield
What are VLSI systems composed of?
pMOS
nMOS
1.Transistors
CMOS logic gates
+
2. Wires
=
Circuits
design
How does an IC look like from the inside?
transistors
wires
R. Noyce J. Kilby
Technology scaling
Moore’s Law. The number of transistors in an integrated circuit doubles every 2 years.
Quad core from Intel:
~600 million transistors in
286 mm2
If a pond lily doubles everyday and it takes 30 days to completely cover a pond, on what day will the pond be 1/2 covered?
Feature sizes
Human Hair
~75 m
0.18 m180 nmfeature
.
.
~40,000 (65-nm node) transistors could fit on cross-section
[C. Keast]
Why should you learn about VLSI systems?
• They are ubiquitous in our daily lives (computers/iPods/TVs/Cars/…/etc). EN160 can help you understand the devices you use.
• The market for VLSI systems (and semiconductors) is worth $250 billion dollars. EN160 can help you get a decent job after graduation (or you
can even start your own company).
• VLSI design and analysis is fun!
Biggest semiconductor companies
• Introduction• Brief Tour of VLSI Design and Implementation• Class logistics
Lecture 01: the big picture
What does it take to design VLSI systems? Same engineering principles you learned so far
2. write specifications
1. idea (need)
3. design system 4. analyze/
modelsystem
if sa
tisfa
ctor
y
5. Fabrication
6. test / work as modeled?
1. Applications / Ideas
2. Specifications
• Instruction set
• Interface (I/O pins)
• Organization of the system
• Functionality of each unit in the and how it to communicate to other unit
3/4. Design and Analysis
• Design development is facilitated using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tools
compilation/synthesis
VHDL / Verilog / SystemC
device layout find wire routesmask layout patterns
design schematics
5. Fabrication
tapeout
mask writer masks
wafer
printing
die
dice
mask layout patterns
test and packaging
chip
6. Evaluate design and compare to model.
board
• Does the chip function as it is supposed to be?
• Does it work at desired clock frequency? (can we overclock?)
• Check signal integrity• Power consumption• Input/output behavior
What are we going to cover in this class?
• Overview of VLSI CMOS fabrication• MOS transistor theory• VLSI Layout design• Circuit analysis and performance estimation • Computer-aided design and analysis tools• Combinational and sequential circuit design• Memory systems• Big, nice design project
Textbooks
Recommended Additional