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LEED 521: Energy Modeling for LEEDUsing eQUESTUsing eQUEST
Christian E. Stalberg, PrincipalNatural Intelligence LLCNatural Intelligence, LLC
AF F I L I A T E
LEED 521
Information Transfer GoalsLEED 521
Information Transfer Goalssection one: Introduction to LEED Energysection one: Introduction to LEED Energy Modeling
section two: Complying With LEED/ASHRAE Requirements
section three: Building Energy Modeling
LEED 521
ObjectivesLEED 521
ObjectivesUnderstand Building Energy Modeling and Its Role inUnderstand Building Energy Modeling and Its Role in LEED
Understand ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G for EAp2 & EAc1
Model a simple building using eQUEST softwareGenerate Reports from software for EAc1Complete LEED Online EAc1 templateComplete LEED Online EAc1 template
i
Introduction to LEEDsection one
Introduction to LEEDEnergy Modelinggy gEAp2 - Minimum Energy PerformanceOption 1: Whole Building Energy Simulationp g gy
&EAc1 - Optimize Energy PerformanceO ti 1 Wh l B ildi E Si l tiOption 1: Whole Building Energy SimulationChristian E. Stalberg, PrincipalN t l I t lli LLCNatural Intelligence, LLC
United States Green Building Council (USGBC)
Whole Building Energy Simulation
g ( )Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED)
Whole Building Energy Simulation
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
LEADERSHIP in ENERGY andENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
A point-based rating system that evaluates environmental performance from a whole pbuilding perspective
USGBC comUSGBC.com
USGBC.com
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
EA Prerequisite 2: Minimum Energy Performance
To establish the minimum level of energy
Intent
To establish the minimum level of energy efficiency for the proposed building and systems to reduce environmentaland economic impacts associated with excessive energy use.
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
EA Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance
To achieve increasing levels of energy
Intent
To achieve increasing levels of energy performance beyond the prerequisite standard to reduce environmental andeconomic impacts associated with excessive energy use.
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
ASHRAE Appendix G Performance Rating Method
Comply with mandatory provisions of ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Energy Standard
Determine energy savings using an energy model(Use Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1‐2007) Additional requirements per UGSBC Reference Guide Additional requirements per UGSBC Reference Guide
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
Wall, Window area(Geometry)
Setpoint / Setback Temperatures
Building Envelope
LightingDegree Hour
Solar Radiation
urs)
HVAC SystemsEnergy
Consumption Fresh air intake
Outside Temperatures
8760
hou
Service Hot Water
(kWh)Energy Peak Loads
(kW)
Wall, Window, Door (Material Properties)
Lighting, equipment
L YE
AR
(8
Receptacle Chiller Specs
Occupancy, Schedule of operation
ALLReceptacle,
Process Loads
Exterior Lighting
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
ARCHITECT’S & M.E.P. SPECIFICATIONS
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
Wall / Internal Partitions (UFactor)Windows (UFactor, SHGC, Tvis, Shading Coefficient)
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Building Envelope
ARCHITECT’S Roof (UFactor, Reflectance)Floor (UFactor)
Heating, Ventilating & Air-ConditioningVentilation type (mechanical)
& M.E.P. SPECIFICATIONS
Ventilation type (mechanical)Heating & Cooling (type, schedule, energy source)
Service Water HeatingType, Operation schedule
Other EquipmentEquipment Power Density / Receptacle Loads
Activity ScheduleSchedule - hours, days (holidays)
LightingControl (auto) Lighting energy (LPD)Control (auto), Lighting energy (LPD)Operation schedule, Luminaire type, Radiant FractionTask / display light (gain, operation schedule)
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
Appendix GPERFORMANCE RATING METHOD (PRM)
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
MODEL
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
Baseline should be independent of its orientation Baseline is rotated FOUR times (0d, 90d, 180d, 270d)
and average value is computed:
REQUIREMENTS
and average value is computed:ENERGY (kWh)PEAK (kW)COST ($/yr)
0d Rotation 90d Rotation…….
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
BUILDINGENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
BUILDING
B li h ld b i d d t f h d (t h i b hi h th b ildi b h d d)
ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS - SHADING
Baseline should be independent of shades (techniques by which the building can be shaded)
Proposed Baseline
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
HVAC REQUIREMENTSHVAC REQUIREMENTS
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
HVAC REQUIREMENTS Zoning based on HVAC systems’ design
HVAC REQUIREMENTS (contd.)
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
LIGHTING (INTERIOR)( )REQUIREMENTS
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
LIGHTING (EXTERIOR)( )REQUIREMENTS
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
SERVICE WATER HEATINGREQUIREMENTS
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
RECEPTACLE & PROCESSLOADS
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
ENERGY COST SAVINGS ($)MAJOR RENOVATIONS = 5%NEW CONSTRUCTION = 10%
EAp2: Minimum Energy PerformanceEnergy PerformanceRequired to obtain2 points2 points
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
Whole Building Energy SimulationLEED EAp2 & EAc1: Option 1
PROPOSED CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
BASELINE INPUTS FROM ASHRAE 90.1-2007
ENERGY COST SAVINGS ($)MAJOR RENOVATIONS = 8-44%NEW CONSTRUCTION = 12-48%
EAc1: Optimize Energy PerformanceEnergy Performance1-19 points
Whole Building Energy SimulationWhat are the building blocks?
g gy
Whole Building Energy SimulationTHE BUILDING BLOCKS
Weather Data1
Whole Building Energy SimulationTHE BUILDING BLOCKS
Building Data2
Whole Building Energy SimulationTHE BUILDING BLOCKS
Systems Data3
Whole Building Energy SimulationTHE BUILDING BLOCKS
Plant Data4
Whole Building Energy SimulationTHE BUILDING BLOCKS
Economic Data5
i
Complying withsection two
p y gRequirementsASHRAE 90.1-2007A di G P f R iAppendix G – Performance Rating Method
Christian E. Stalberg, PrincipalNatural Intelligence, LLC
Complying With RequirementsASHRAE 90.1-2007 Appendix G
Performance Rating Method
p y g q
Performance Rating Method
Complying With RequirementsASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
ASHRAE / IESNA 90.1-2007Energy standard for buildings EXCEPT low-rise residential
Purpose•Establishes minimum requirements for energy-efficient design of buildings, EXCEPTlow-rise residential buildings.D NOT l t i l f il h lti f il t t f•Does NOT apply to single-family houses, multi-family structures of
3 or fewer above grade, manufactured houses (mobile & modular homes) or buildings that do not use either electricity or fossil fuel.
Performance Rating Method (Appendix G)Provides a method for demonstrating performance beyond ASHRAE / IESNA 90 1 2007 standardsIESNA 90.1‐2007 standards.
In all cases, the mandatory provisions must still be met!
Complying With RequirementsASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
What are we calculating?
Annual energy cost of BASELINE & PROPOSED building for comparisoncomparison
Proposed building should meet all Mandatory Provisions!!
In order to compare (baseline vs. proposed),p ( p p ),
- Use same computer simulation programs- Use same climate data- Use same purchased energy rates- Use same purchased energy rates- Use same schedules of operation (except for energy
efficiency features)
Percentage Improvement:Percentage Improvement:
(Baseline rating – Proposed rating)
(Baseline rating)(Baseline rating)
Complying With Requirements
Wh d l?ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
What to model?
Major Components of ASHRAE 90.1-2007B ildi E l• Building Envelope
• Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning• Service Water Heating• Power• Power• Lighting• Other Equipment
Examples of Specific Inputs in the Model include• HVAC systems (fans, pumps, exhaust, etc)• Office equipment (computers, etc)• Elevators, Escalators• Process Energy (Kitchen Cooking & Refrigeration)• Laundry washing & drying (usually in Receptacles)• Lighting energy requirement (internal & external)Lighting energy requirement (internal & external)• Process Lighting (medical equipment, etc)
Complying With Requirements
Wh d l?ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
What to model?
Baseline & Proposed Model Compliance for
• Space Use Classification• Schedule of Operation• Occupancy• Occupancy• Orientation• Building Envelope• Lighting SystemsLighting Systems• HVAC Systems• Service Hot Water Systems• Energy Rates
Complying With Requirements
Space Use ClassificationASHRAE 90.1 SpaceU Cl ifi ti
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GSpace Use Classification Use Classification
Building Area TypesAutomotive facilityConvention center Courthouse Dining: bar lounge/leisure
Multifamily Museum Office Parking garageDining: bar lounge/leisure
Dining: cafeteria/fast food Dining: family Dormitory Exercise center
Parking garage Penitentiary Performing arts theater Police/fire station Post officeExercise center
Gymnasium Health-care clinic Hospital Hotel
Post office Religious building Retail School/university Sports arenaHotel
Library Manufacturing facility Motel Motion picture theater
Sports arena Town hall Transportation Warehouse WorkshopMotion picture theater Workshop
Complying With Requirements
Schedule of OperationOperating HoursASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Schedule of OperationBaseline Proposed
Schedules should be capable of modelingSchedules should be capable of modeling,Occupancy
Lighting PowerMisc Equipment Powerq pThermostat SetpointsHVAC System Operation
Use accurate schedule (from client)Alternatively, use California Nonresidential ACM Approval Manual or ASHRAE Table G-E through G-N.
Complying With Requirements
Schedule of OperationOperating HoursASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Schedule of OperationBaseline Proposed
For proposed, NON-STANDARD Schedules possible,Lighting Controls
Natural VentilationDemand Control VentilationEtc…
B t d t id t i d t ti !!!But, need to provide extensive documentation!!!
Complying With Requirements
Schedule of OperationOccupancyASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Schedule of Operation
Source: California Nonresidential Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Manual
Complying With Requirements
Schedule of OperationOccupancyASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Schedule of Operation
Source: California Nonresidential Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Manual
Complying With Requirements
Schedule of OperationOccupancyASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Schedule of Operation
Source: California Nonresidential Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Manual
Complying With RequirementsOccupancy DensityASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Baseline ProposedUse occupancy information from project information
Same as proposed design.project information
Use actual occupancy information (from client)information (from client)
Use ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Table G‐B
(Still not available? then try California Title 24 / California Nonresidential ACM ApprovalNonresidential ACM Approval Manual; Table N2‐2 & N2‐3: Occupancy Assumptions)
Complying With RequirementsOccupancyASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Complying With RequirementsOccupancyASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Complying With Requirements
OrientationRotationsASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
OrientationBaseline Proposed
90d Rotation…….
180d Rotation…….
0d Rotation(Actual Orientation)
270d Rotation…….AVERAGE RESULTS
No Self Shading for baseline building!
Complying With Requirements
Building EnvelopeExceptionsASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Building EnvelopeBaseline Proposed
Un‐insulated assemblies (Less than 5% need not be modeled)Surface angles (orientation & tilt)
Complying With RequirementsASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
B ildi E l
Proposed
Building Envelope
Proposed
Exterior roof surfaces may be modeled with reflectance 0.45if the reflectance of the proposed design roof is greater than 0.70 and its emittance is greater than 0.75. All other roof surfaces will be modeled with a reflectance of 0.30.
Manually operated shading devices such as blinds and shades will noty p gbe modeled.
Automatically controlled fenestration shades or blinds may be modeled, however permanent shading devices such as fins overhangs and lighthowever permanent shading devices such as fins, overhangs, and light shelves may be modeled.
Complying With Requirements
Building EnvelopeASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GBuilding Envelope
Non Residential Residential Semi Heated
Complying With Requirements
B ildi E lASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Building EnvelopeNon Residential Residential Semi Heated
Complying With Requirements
Building EnvelopeASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GBuilding Envelope
Non Residential Residential Semi Heated
Skylight area equal to proposed or 5% of gross roof area (whichever is smaller).y g q p p g ( )
Complying With Requirements
Building EnvelopeFenestrationASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Building EnvelopeBaseline Proposed
Maximum 40%(distributed on each face)(distributed on each face)
Complying With Requirements
Building EnvelopeShading ProjectionsASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Building EnvelopeBaseline Proposed
Fins, overhangs & light shelves may be modeled
Proposed Baseline
Complying With Requirements
Thermal Blocks HVAC Zones DesignedThermal ZoningASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Thermal Blocks – HVAC Zones DesignedWhen zones already designed (physically determined by HVAC system) they may be combined into thermal blocks.
Thermal BlockSimilar loads, systems combined into a single block for modeling purposesmodeling purposes
HVAC zones to Thermal Blocks (Conditions; all should be met)met)1. Same space use classification (load & schedule)2. For exterior, glazing should be in same orientation (within 45 deg)3. All HVAC zones in a thermal block must be served by same HVAC system
ki d f HVAC or same kind of HVAC system
Complying With Requirements
Th l Bl k HVAC Z N t D i dASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
When zones and systems not yet designed thermal blocks shall be
Thermal Blocks – HVAC Zones Not Designed
designed, thermal blocks shall be defined based on similar internal load densities, occupancy, lighting, and thermal and space lighting, and thermal and space temperature schedules.
Other criteria are specified in pTable G3.1.8
Complying With Requirements
Lighting SystemsInterior Lighting PowerAll C l l ti
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GLighting SystemsBaseline Proposed
Allowance Calculation
Choose: Building Area MethodorSpace by Space Methodp y p
Complying With Requirements
Lighting SystemsInterior Lighting PowerAll C l l ti
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GLighting Systems Allowance Calculation
Complying With Requirements
Lighting SystemsInterior Lighting PowerA t ti Li hti C t l
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GLighting SystemsBaseline Proposed
Automatic Lighting Controls
Beam Detectors
Passive (IR) Detectors
Complying With RequirementsInterior Lighting PowerA t ti Li hti C t l
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Lighting Systems Automatic Lighting Controls
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsCooling & Heating S t
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GHVAC SystemsBaseline Proposed
System
If no cooling system g yis specified in proposed, include similar to baseline
If no heating system i ifi d i is specified in proposed, include electric heating
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsHVAC System TypeASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
HVAC SystemsBaseline Proposed
Based on building type (usage), area & heating fuel sourceheating fuel source
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsHVAC System TypeASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
HVAC Systems
PTAC – Packaged Terminal A/CPTHP – Packaged Terminal Heat PumpPSZ-AC – Packaged Single Zone A/CPSZ-HP – Packaged Terminal Heat PumpVAV V i bl Ai V lVAV – Variable Air VolumePFP – Parallel Fan Powered
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsHVAC System TypeASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
HVAC Systems
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsHVAC System Type(C bi d Ch t)
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GHVAC Systems (Combined Chart)
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsHVAC System TypeTh l Bl k
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GHVAC Systems Thermal Blocks
For systems 1 2 3 & 4For systems 1,2,3 & 4Each Thermal Block shall be modeled with its own HVAC systemHVAC system
For systems 5,6,7 & 8Each floor shall be modeled with a separate HVAC system.
Floors with identical thermal blocks can be grouped together.
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsHVAC System TypeU t H
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GHVAC Systems
Baseline ProposedOversize RatiosHeating 25%
Unmet Hours
Cooling 15%
Unmet HoursT l 300 hTotal 300 hrsDifference 50 hrs
Outdoor Ventilation RatesOutdoor Ventilation RatesSame (Proposed & Baseline)
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsHVAC System TypeO td V til ti R t
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GHVAC Systems
Minimum VentilationPer ASHRAE 62.1-2007 (People, area, space type)
Outdoor Ventilation Rates
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsFansASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
HVAC SystemsBaseline Proposed
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsFansASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
HVAC SystemsBaseline Proposed
Fan System OperationFan System Operation
Supply & return fans Operate continuously whenever spaces are OCCUPIED, and shall be
Supply, return and/or exhaust fans will remain ON (at all
cycled to meet heating & cooling loads during UNOCCUPIED hours.
(times) in spaces that have health & safety mandated minimum ventilation.
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsFansASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
HVAC SystemsBaseline Proposed
Design Supply Airflow Rates for baseline building:Design Supply Airflow Rates for baseline building:
Option 1: Supply‐Air‐to‐Room‐Air Temperature Difference of 20 degrees F Whichever is greater!Option 2: Required Ventilation AirOption 3: Makeup Air
Whichever is greater!
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsFansASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
HVAC SystemsBaseline Proposed
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsFan Motor Efficiency“ t HP”
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GHVAC Systems “next HP”
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsEconomizers &E R
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GHVAC Systems
Baseline ProposedEnergy Recovery
Exhaust Air Energy Recovery (Mandatory)gy y ( y)
5000 CFM (Supply) AND =>70% Outdoor Air (Supply)
ERV with 50% recovery effectiveness
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsChillersASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
HVAC SystemsBaseline Proposed
For Systems 7 & 8,Electric chillers (baseline)Table G3.1.3.7 (type & numbers)
Chilled water designChilled water designSupply @ 44 deg FReturn @ 56 deg F
Complying With Requirements
HVAC SystemsDemand Control V til ti
ASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix GHVAC Systems Ventilation
Minimum outdoor air ventilation rates shall be the same for the proposed and baseline building designs
V til ti C t l f Hi h O A D d
ExceptionVentilation Controls for High Occupancy Areas: Demand Control Ventilation (DCV) – modulate the amount of outdoor air supplied to a space as a function of the number of people present.
- Standard requires DCV for all ventilation systems with design outdoor air capacities >3000 CFM serving occupancy density > 100 people / 1000 sf
- DCV is activated based on CO2 levels
- CO2 sensors located within occupied zone (or return air)
Complying With Requirements
Process EnergyASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Process Energy
Process loads must be identical.
Minimum 25% of baseline building energy cost.
Complying With Requirements
Process EnergyASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Process Energy
Table G-BFor EPD (Receptacle load))
Complying With Requirements
Process EnergyASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Process Energy
Complying With Requirements
Service Hot Water SystemASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Service Hot Water SystemBaseline Proposed
Same energy source.
P f i dPerformance required (baseline) is available in 90.1-2007
Complying With Requirements
Energy RatesASHRAE 90.1‐2007 Appendix G
Energy RatesBaseline Proposed
Same rates for both baseline & proposed b ildibuilding.
Local utility or Energy InformationInformation Administration rates
Building Energy Modelingsection three
Building Energy Modeling
Process Oriented Approach to Energy Modelingpp gy g
Christian E. Stalberg, PrincipalNatural Intelligence, LLC
Building Energy ModelingHow is it done?• Creating a ‘Baseline’ model reflecting a minimally
code compliant building C
How is it done?
• Copying the baseline model then making modifications to the building including, but not limited to, one or more of the following: – HVAC– Glazing
Exterior shading– Exterior shading– Daylighting
• Comparing the performance of the modified p g pbuilding to the baseline building, i.e. energy usage and costs.
Building Energy ModelingTypical Inputs:• Building site data (weather data; orientation; adjacent
structure shadows, etc.)
yp p
• Building envelope data (heat transfer surfaces e.g. walls, floors, roofs, windows, window shades & overhangs)overhangs)
• Building operations and scheduling (occupancy, thermostat setpoints, daylighting photosensors, HVAC h d l )HVAC schedules)
• Internal loads (e.g. body heat, lights, equipment)• HVAC equipment & performance• HVAC equipment & performance• Utility rates (electric/gas, peak/off-peak)• Economic parameters (life-cycle costing, interest p ( y g,
rates)
Building Energy ModelingTypical Outputs:• Summary of annual projected utility costs and savings• Performance graphs (e.g., monthly energy use for gas
and electric monthly facility peak kW etc ) in
yp p
and electric, monthly facility peak kW, etc.) in comparison to the baseline
• Input parameter information (e.g., internal load specifications, building envelope characteristics, HVAC system definitions, etc.)
• Assumptions of building characteristics (e.g., p g ( g ,schedules, HVAC set points, etc.)
• Notations of changes from previous models (e.g., changes made between baseline and modelingchanges made between baseline and modeling iterations)
• Interpretation of resultsS f i d fil ( l i )• Software input and output files (electronic)
Building Energy Modeling
QUEST M d li S ft St t
Building Energy ModelingeQUEST Modeling Software Structure• eQuest contains multiple user interfaces (3) that
correspond to the design processcorrespond to the design process– Schematic Design wizard– Design Development wizard
D t il d I t f– Detailed Interface• All of these interfaces produce an input text file
containing Building Description Language (BDL)DOE2 2 hi fil f h b ildi– DOE2.2 uses this file for the building energy calculations
– You can work directly in the BDL file (“fourth” user i t f )interface)
– BDL is located in eQuest/project/projectname/projectname.inp (“the inp file”)inp file”)
QUEST U I t f & W kfl
Building Energy ModelingeQUEST User Interfaces & Workflow
• Schematic Design wizard good for preliminary analyses. g g p y yHas default values and built-in workflow. Limitation: can only create one building shell
• Design Development wizard can create multiple shellsDesign Development wizard can create multiple shells for a single building. Also has default values and built-in workflow.
• Detailed Interface allows for greatest flexibility and while• Detailed Interface allows for greatest flexibility and while it has default values, there is no workflow.
NOTE:A ‘shell’ is any area of a building that shares the same or a
similar footprint, HVAC zoning, ceiling height, envelopesimilar footprint, HVAC zoning, ceiling height, envelope construction type or HVAC services.
Building Energy ModelingImportant eQUEST Rule
• Once you’ve used a user interface to make a change y gin the model, you cannot return to a more simple user interface without over-writing those changes, e.g. going from Schematic wizard to Design Developmentgoing from Schematic wizard to Design Development wizard and back.
• In other words, you can go from a simple to more complex interface, but not backwards without losing changes.
Building Energy ModelingeQUEST Model Input Data CollectionQ p
Building Energy ModelingeQUEST Model Input Data Collection (contd.)Q p ( )
eQUEST Simulation Summary ReportBuilding Energy Modeling
y p
eQUEST Simulation Summary Report (contd.)Building Energy Modeling
y p ( )
Detailed eQUEST/DOE-2 (SIM) ReportsBuilding Energy ModelingDetailed eQUEST/DOE 2 (SIM) Reports
Building Energy ModelingDetailed eQUEST/DOE-2 (SIM) Reports (contd.)Detailed eQUEST/DOE 2 (SIM) Reports (contd.)
Detailed eQUEST/DOE-2 (SIM) Reports (contd )Building Energy ModelingDetailed eQUEST/DOE-2 (SIM) Reports (contd.)
Building Energy ModelingLEED 3.0 Excel Spreadsheetp
Building Energy ModelingLEED 3.0 Excel Spreadsheetp
Building Energy ModelingLEED 3.0 Excel Spreadsheetp
Building Energy ModelingLEED 3.0 Excel Spreadsheetp
Building Energy ModelingeQUEST Design Development Wizard Tour
• Find the eQUEST Introductory Tutorial included in
eQUEST Design Development Wizard Tour
Q yyour eQUEST version 3.64 install at ~\eQUEST 3-64 Data\Tutorials\All\Introductory TutorialG t 83 f 145• Go to page 83 of 145
• Follow along with the instructor
eQUEST Design Development Wizard Exercise
Building Energy ModelingeQUEST Design Development Wizard Exercise
• Load into eQUEST 7th& Lane Sample Project (file folder distributed prior to pclass)
• Go to page 191 of 602 in the eQUESTin the eQUEST Training Workbook and perform the exercise Enter inputsexercise. Enter inputs identified by red font, otherwise accept defaultsdefaults.
LEED NC Exercise
Building Energy ModelingLEED NC Exercise
• Now we take the completed 7th& Lane model and turn it into aturn it into a baseline building per LEED ((instructor led exercise).
eQUEST LEED Compliance AnalysisBuilding Energy ModelingeQUEST LEED Compliance Analysis
Building Energy Modeling
Contact information• Christian Stalberg• Christian Stalberg• Tel. 919-801-0734• Email: cstalberg@naturalintelligence us• Email: [email protected]
Sustainable Performance InstituteSustainable Performance Institutehttp://www.sustainable-performance.org