legal considerations and standard precautions expectations: be punctual & prepared learn &...
TRANSCRIPT
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Legal Considerations and Standard Precautions
Expectations:
Be Punctual & Prepared
Learn & Help Others Learn
Be Responsible & Respectful
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Goal of First Aid
To Help you gain the knowledge, skills and confidence necessary to manage a medical emergency until more advanced help is available
First Aid is not complex and is easy to remember and perform
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Unit Objectives
1. Define First Aid
2. Explain the difference between the Good Samaritan Protection and a Legal Duty to Act
3. Differentiate between types of Consent and when they are applied
4. Understand and Practice Universal Precautions
5. 4 Main Legal Considerations
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Definitions
Basic First Aid
On a scrap piece of paper,
create a definition for “First Aid”
that has at least
2 criteria
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Definitions
Basic First Aid: assessments and interventions that can
be performed by a bystander (or by the victim) with minimal or no medical equipment
First Aid Provider: someone with formal training in first aid
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First Aid…
Immediate care
Does NOT take the place of proper medical treatment.
Can mean the difference
between life & death.
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First Aid Provider
Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death for individuals under the age of 44
Safe practices can prevent many injuries, however once an injury has occurred, effective first aid is the difference between time of recovery, a disability, or even life or death
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First Provider (Cont’d)
Essential responsibilities:Recognizing a medical emergencyMaking the decision to helpIdentifying hazards and ensuring
personal safetyActivating the EMS systemProviding supportive, basic first aid
care
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Need
1 in 3 Americans visit the ER annually70 million ER visits
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Rationale
Self
Others Family Friends Students
Physical Education
Coaching
Athletic Training
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Legal Matters
People fear being sued as a result of providing First Aid
That is why you need to be knowledgeable of the legalities to help reduce this fear
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Good Samaritan Law PASSED BY ALL STATES
Provides protection from liability if provider: Acts in good faith Is neither reckless or negligent Acts prudently and only within scope of his/her
training Does not abandon victim once care is begun Receives no compensation for services
**Paid “Professional Rescuers” have a
legal Duty to Act
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Legal Considerations
Consent
Abandonment
Negligence
Confidentiality
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Consent
Must be obtained from every conscious and mentally competent adult.
ExpressedImplied
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Consent
Expressed Consent: the victim gives permission to receive care
Implied Consent: permission to perform care is assumed on an unresponsive victim
ChildrenElderly
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Abandonment
Terminating the care of a victim without ensuring continued care at the same level or higher.** Once you begin caring for a victim, you must
continue until a person of equal or higher training takes over.**
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Negligence
Failure to provide the expected standard of care.
Criteria involves:Having a duty to actBreaching that duty (substandard
care)Causing injuries & damagesProximate Cause
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Negligence & Duty to Act
No one is required to render first aid unless a legal duty to act exists. Moral vs. Legal Obligations
Legal duty to act: Employment requires it Pre-existing responsibility exists
Must follow guidelines for standards of care (type of rescuer & published recommendations)
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Confidentiality
Kiss and Don’t Tell Policy
Discuss only on a medical need to know basis.
State Law exceptions.
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Documentation—CYA!!!
Paperwork serves as legal record of your treatment and course of action
Should include: Patient condition when found Patient’s description of injury/illness Initial vitals and repeat vitals Treatment rendered Agency/personnel that took over Infectious disease exposure Reportable conditions Other
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Dangers involved in Rendering First Aid
Physical
And
Emotional
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Emotional Dangers of First Aid
Stress Guilt Depression Burnout
What do you do?
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Physical Dangers of First Aid
Injury Death Disease/Pathogens
What do you do?
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Preventing the Physical Dangers of First Aid
Survey the SceneWell talk more about that in later
classes
Observe Universal Precautions
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Universal Precautions
Why? Communicable Disease!
Blood & Body Fluids can contain contagious viruses.
The risk is low, but is still present…
So…”observe universal precautions”…
you don’t know if a virus is present, so act as if it is.
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Universal Precautions
All blood and certain bodily fluids that may contain blood should be considered potentially infected
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Universal Precautions
Wear/Use personal protective equipment(gloves, eye shield, rescue mask/shield)
Remove contaminated materials (gloves, clothing) and dispose of properly
Use alcohol-based hand rubs Decontaminate all surfaces and
equipment (bleach solution) Report exposure
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Legal Situations
Groups3-4 people/group
Choose a speaker to report back to class
2-3 minutes to discuss situation and construct answer
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Case #1
A child in physical education class hits his head on an closet door that was left open and suffers a head injury.
• Who is responsible?• Why?
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Case #2
While you are driving your son and neighbor’s child to school, you are in a car accident. Your neighbor’s child is unresponsive.
• Who is responsible?• Why?
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Case # 3
A doctor arrives upon a car accident between two vehicles at an intersection. One of the passengers is critically injured. Another bystander calls 911. The doctor chooses a different route home.
• Who is responsible?• Why?
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Case # 4
A coach has an athlete who is unconscious and choking. After a few unsuccessful attempts at the Heimlich, he attempts a tracheotomy.
• Who is responsible?• Why?
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Case #5
A child comes to you asking for help for her injured mother. You try to help her with the excessively bleeding wound on her abdomen. You feel like you’re not really helping and realize you are late for an appointment so you leave.
• Who is responsible?• Why?
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Case # 6
A woman arrives upon a scene of a bad car accident. There is one victim bleeding profusely. She calls 911, and goes over to help the victim, but he refuses her care because she is not a doctor. The victim later dies.
• Who is responsible?• Why?
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What would you do?
You are out for a jog when you come across a man lying on the ground, unconscious. What if…
• You were all alone?• You were with a friend?• Someone was already helping him?• A stranger were attempting to help them by giving
CPR but they were doing it wrong?• The man had highly contagious disease?
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Unit Objectives
1. Define First Aid
2. Explain the difference between the Good Samaritan Protection and a Legal Duty to Act
3. Differentiate between types of Consent and when they are applied
4. Understand and Practice Universal Precautions
5. 4 Main Legal Considerations