legume chioce planning meeting, 10-11 june 2014, irli campus, addis ababa key constraints to legume...
TRANSCRIPT
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LEGUME CHIOCE PLANNING MEETING, 10-11 JUNE 2014, IRLI CAMPUS, ADDIS ABABA
KEY CONSTRAINTS TO LEGUME EXPANSION IN JELDU WEREDA, WEST
SHEWA, OROMIA
GROUP MEMBERS
1.Dr Fekede Feyissa (Animal Feed, EIAR)
2.Dr Gemechu Keneni (Legume Breeder,
EIAR)
3.Tibebu Seifu (Animal Production, WBoA)
4.Jonson Negewo (NRM, WBoA)
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CROP PRODUCTION STATUS
Category Crop types Proportion
Cereals Wheat, barley, tef, maize, sorghum
78% of 46, 000 ha
Legumes Faba bean, field pea
15% of 46, 000 ha
Oilcrops Linseed, noug, gomenzer, sesame
5% of 46, 000 ha
Horticultural crops
Potato 2% of 46, 000 ha
Forage/tree legumes
Tree Lucerne, Leucaena
Limited to backyard
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Why legumes? Food (family consumption)
Household income
Soil fertility restoration
Crop rotation
Product diversification
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How legumes are produced within systems?
• Mixed culture of faba bean and field pea
• Sole cultures of faba bean and field pea
• In rotation with cereals
• As life fence in the backyard (tree legumes)
• Rarely oats-vetch mixture for hay making
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Current yieldsWheat = 18-40 q/haBarley = 20-45 q/haTef = 8-18 q/haMaize = 25-50 q/haSorghum = 20-30 q/haFaba bean = 7-12 q/haField pea = 4-9 q/haLinseed = 4-6 q/haNoug = 5-8 q/haSesame = 3-6 q/haGomenzer = 3-7 q/haPotato = 200-600 q/ha
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Current yields …Forage biomass (DM)
Oats = 10-15 t/ha
Vetch = 5-8 t/ha
Tree Lucerne = 7-10 t/ha per cut (minimum two cuts a year)
Desho grass = 10-15 t/ha per cut (minimum two cuts a year)
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CONSTRAINTS TO LEGUME EXPANSION
Soil acidityLow soil temperatureEnterprise competitivenessFoliar diseases/insects/weeds
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CONSTRAINTS TO LEGUME EXPANSION …
Hail and frost damage
Lack of improved production technologies
Low awareness on the role of legumes in agricultural sustainability
Allotment of marginal land and least priority in terms of production inputs, crop management and protection practices
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• Lack of intensification of livestock production
• Shortage and low productivity of land
• Shortage, timely supply and high price of production inputs (seed, fertilizer)
CONSTRAINTS TO LEGUME EXPANSION …
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CONSTRAINTS TO LEGUME EXPANSION …
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Ongoing Initiatives
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
Faba bean Field pea Chickpea Lentil Haricot bean
Pulses
Yie
ld (k
g/ha
)
National average (1997 & 98)National average (1999-2008)Average (on-farm)Avearge (on-station)
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Performance of improved faba bean variety at Jeldu
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Hitherto research efforts resulted in a number of improved production technologies – a matter of building on success!
Nation-wide scaling up of “high value” crops production technologies already underway – a suitable ground!
Nation-wide amelioration of acid soil with lime expected to be launched soon – pulses are more sensitive to soil acidity than many other crops (with the exception of maybe soybean)
This is a time when risks of cereal-cereal monoculture in some potential production areas is already considered a national threat (at technical and policy levels)
Positive output:input price ratio with good local and export markets
Ongoing Initiatives …
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THANK Y
OU