lesson 03 - talking about...

45Lesson 03 - Talking about regrets e-Tec Brasil

Lesson 03 - Talking about regrets

Objetivos

• Desenvolveraproficiêncianashabilidadesdereading elistening,respondendoasquestõespropostas.

• Conhecerovocabulárioreferenteahábitossaudáveis,compreendendoarelaçãoentrenomenclaturaedescrição.

• Expressarconstataçõessobrefatospassados,utilizandooThird Conditional.

• Expressarcertezaoupossibilidade,utilizandowould ecouldjuntoaosverbos.

• Reconhecerapronúnciadosmodaiswould e couldcontraídoscomoauxiliarhave,distinguindoacontraçãodaformaextensa.

• Conhecerapronúnciaadequadadewould ecouldacompanhadosdehave,reproduzindoestessonsadequadamente.

• Reconhecerasdiferentespossibilidadeslexicaisdeexpressarumaação,substituindooverboporoutrodemesmosentido.

• Produzirumtextocomconteúdorelacionadoàsaúde,utilizandoléxicoadequadoeThird Conditional.

Englishe-Tec Brasil 46

Herewego!1. A storm is comingInthisclassepisode,youaregoingtowatchRachaellookingafterDave,who is recovering fromtheaccident.She isworriedbecausehedoesn’trememberher,butDr.Lupovexplainsitispartoftheprocess.ThissituationisthestartingpointforyourstudyofvocabularyrelatedtohealthandtheThird Conditional,which isusedtotalkaboutevents inthepastandtheirprobable results or consequences also in the past. In order to improveyour speaking skills, in theOut loud section you are going to study thepronunciationofwould’ve and could’ve.IntheSmartpointsectionyouaregoingtostudythatsomeverbshavemorethanonemeaningandthattheycanreplaceotherverbsdependingonthecontext.

Warmingup2. He’s alive!Inthisclassepisode,Daveisaccidentlyhitbyanelectricdischargefromthe upcoming storm and opens his eyes. Rachael is happy, but not forlong.Davedoesn’trecognizeherandDr.Lupovexplainswhat’shappening.Watchtheirconversation:

Rachael:ThankGodyou'reback,babe!

Dave:Huh?Whathappened?Whoareyou?

Rachael:It'sme,babe.

Dr. Lupov:He'salive!He'salive!

Rachael:Iguessthere'ssomethingwrongwithhim.Hedoesn'trememberme.

Dr. Lupov:Oh!That'sexpected...Hisbrainisstill...Imean,he'sexperiencingapost-

traumaticamnesia.It'snormaltolosepartofthememory.

Integrated mediaAcesseoconteúdoPost-

traumatic amnesiaparaacompanharaconversaentre

Rachael,DaveeDr.Lupov.

Lesson 03 - Talking about regrets 47 e-Tec Brasil

Inordertoexerciseyourcomprehension,dotheactivityThere’s nothing to worry about.Dr.Lupovusesthetermpost-traumatic amnesiatoexplainwhyDavedoesn’trecognizeRachael.Thiskindofmemorylossusuallyoccursafter tragicaccidents,butpeoplemightkeep theirmemoryactiveor trytopreventillnessesiftheyacquiredhealthyhabitsastheygrowolder.Inthefollowingtopicyouaregoingtostudywhatwecandotolivehealthierandlonger.

3. Getting the hang of it

3.1 Pills to live healthier and longerNaconversaentreRachaeleDr.Lupov,omédicoexplicaànamoradadomúsicoporqueelenãoareconhecequandoabreosolhos.Émuitocomum,apósacidentestrágicos,aperdadememória,quepodesertemporáriaoupermanente.Entretanto,tambémexisteaamnésiaprovocadapordoençasneurológicas degenerativas ou problemas relacionados às partes docérebroresponsáveispeloarmazenamentodeinformaçõesevivências.Épossívelpreveniralgumasdestasdoençasmantendoumarotinasaudávelde hábitos alimentares e de exercícios. A seguir, acompanhe algumasdicassobrecomomanterumavidasaudável:

Eat fruit and veggies every day.

It’s a good idea to eat at least five servings of fruit and vegetables every day.

Avoid canned and salted meat.

Canned and salted meat may cause allergies, high blood pressure and several illnesses.

Join the “Slow food” movement to prevent stomach problems.

Slow food helps people rediscover how good and healthy it is to eat calmly and be aware where the food comes from.

Cut down on sugar.

Try to decrease the ingestion of caloric food, in order to avoid overweight and diabetes.

Learning activityThere’s nothing to worry about

Audio

Mind the gapVeggies=vegetables.


Don’t be a workaholic.

Be aware of your physical and mental limits and respect your free time.

Choose walking or cycling over driving.

Instead of wasting precious hours stuck in traffic, walk or cycle your way to work or school.

Spend time with friends.

Take some time off with your friends, laugh and forget about the hectic routine.

Exercise regularly.

Exercising is a great way to de-stress and keep your mind and body healthy.

Estevocabuláriopossibilitaquevocêpossafalarsobrehábitossaudáveisparaumavidamaisagradável.Paraconsolidaresteconteúdo, realizeaatividadeHealthy tips.NotópicoseguintevocêiráestudarcomoexpressarsituaçõeshipotéticasnopassadoutilizandooThird Conditional.

3.2 Third ConditionalDr.LupoveRachaelchegamàrecepçãodagravadoraeencontramPowell.OempresárioperguntaaDr.LupovsobreoestadodeDave,erecebeboasnotíciasdomédico.RachaelfalasobreaatuaçãodoDr.Lupov,emtomdeagradecimentoealívio.Assistaaconversaentreeles:

Audio

Learning activityHealthy tips


Powell:So,how'shedoing?

Dr. Lupov:Helooksfine.Hisvitalsignsarestrong.Thatelectricaldischargeseems

tohavespeduphisrecovery.

Rachael:IfDr.Lupovhadn'tactedfast,wewould'velosthim.

Nafrase If Dr. Lupov hadn't acted fast, we would've lost him,Rachaelestáutilizando o Third Conditional, que expressa constatações sobre fatospassadoscomresultadostambémnopassado.Veja,emportuguês,comooThird Conditionalexpressaessassituações:

Senósnãotivéssemostrabalhadojuntos,nãoteríamosaprendidotantosobre

oprojeto.

Elenãoteriaditoaquiloseseusamigostivessemsidohonestos.

Como você deve ter percebido, podemos nos referir a fatos passadoscomalegriaouarrependimento, dependendodo resultadofinal.OThird Conditional, assim como os outros condicionais que você estudou nasLessons01e02destemódulo,écompostoporduasorações:aprimeira,comif + Past Perfect,easegunda,comwould(n’t) have + verb (past participle).ObserveestaestruturanasfalasdeRachaelePowell:

IF + PAST PERFECT WOULD(N’T) HAVE + VERB (PAST PARTICIPLE)

If Dr. Isaac hadn't acted fast, we would've lost him.

Integrated mediaAcesseamídiaThanks to Dr. LupovparaverRachaelfalandosobreoestadodeDave.

Getting onAcesseamídiaPast Participleparaumalistadeverbosirregulares.

Mind the gapWould’ve(contraçãodewould + have)ébastantecomumemsituaçõesinformais.


Remember that if we hadn't called Isaac, Dave wouldn't have come back.

AcompanheoutrosexemploscomoThird Conditional:

Third Conditional - would

If I hadn’t cut down on sugar, I would’ve gotten sick much sooner.

If we had driven to work, we wouldn’t have made new friends.

She would’ve felt much better if she hadn’t eaten canned food.

They wouldn’t have lost weight if they hadn’t exercised.

If you’d chosen cycling over driving, you wouldn’t have experienced stress in the traffic.

DamesmaformaqueoSecond Conditional,asfrasescomoThird Conditionaltambémaceitamcould nasegundaoração.Adiferençaéqueousodewouldexpressacerteza,enquantocouldrefere-seaumapossibilidade.Ousodewould ou could dependesempreda intençãodequem falaedocontextoondeafraseseráinserida.Observeatabela:

THIRD CONDITIONAL – SECOND CLAUSE

Would Could

If I hadn’t been a workaholic, I would’ve spent more time with my friends.

If I hadn’t been a workaholic, I could’ve spent more time with my friends.

Nesta frase, se eu não tivesse sido viciado em trabalho, (é

certo que) eu teria passado mais tempo com meus amigos.

Neste exemplo, se eu não tivesse sido viciado em trabalho, eu poderia ter passado mais tempo com meus

amigos - mas também poderia ter feito qualquer outra coisa.

Acompanhe outros exemplos de Third Conditional com could nasegundaoração:

Third Conditional - could

I could have exercised regularly if they had remodeled the gym.

Our affiliates could’ve supported our project if we had sent them a memo.

If the doctor had told me before, I could’ve cut down on sugar and salt.

Audio


If my mother had been to the farmers’ market, I could’ve eaten more fruit and veggies.

I could’ve been better if I’d joined the “slow food” movement.

Conformevocêestudou,aescolhadousoentre would e could dependedaideiaquesepretendeexpressar:certezaoupossibilidade.AgoraquevocêjáestudouaestruturaeusodoThird Conditional,pratiqueesteconteúdocomaatividadeOrdering 3rd Conditional e Filling and feeling.No tópicoaseguirvocêestudaráapronúnciadewould’ve e could’ve.

Outloud3.3 Would’ve and Could’veNaLesson02doMódulo02,vocêestudoucomosepronunciaacontraçãodosmodaiswould e could comapartículadenegaçãonot.Agora, vocêestudaráapronúnciadosmodaiswouldecouldcomoauxiliarhave,quecompõemasegundaoraçãodoThird Conditional.EscuteafaladeRachaele percebacomoa contraçãowould+have pode soar comose formasseapenasumapalavra:

If Dr. Lupov hadn't acted fast, we would've lost him.

Ao pronunciarmos would e have de forma contraída, as letras “ha” doauxiliarsãosuprimidas,ealetra“d”dewouldpodeadquirirosomde“r”,comovocêescutounoexemploanterior.Alémdisso,podemosimaginarqueexisteumsomde“ã”(semelhanteaoportuguês)entreasletras“d”e“v”.Escutenovamenteapenasacontraçãodoverbomodalcomoauxiliar:

would’ve

Podemosaplicar omesmo raciocínioparaa contraçãodomodalcould comoauxiliarhave.Escute:

could’ve

EscuteafrasecompletadeRachael,casoelativesseutilizadocould’ve:

If Dr. Lupov hadn't acted fast, we could've lost him.

Learning activityOrdering 3rd ConditionalFilling and feeling

Getting onParareveracontraçãodosmodaiscomapartículanot,acesseamídiaModals+not.

Audio


Vale lembrarqueasformascontraídassãomaiscomunsemsituaçõesinformais. Com este conteúdo, você provavelmente poderá aprimorarsuashabilidadesdelistening e speaking.Depoisdeestudarapronúnciadewould’ve e could’ve,pratiqueesteconteúdocomasatividadesWhichonedoyoulisten?Afterreadingthistext,dotheactivitySay it as it is asked tocheckyourwrittenandspeakingproductionusingthecontentstudiedinthisclass.Notópicoaseguirvocêestudarácomoalgunsverbospodemassumirnovossignificados,dependendodocontexto.

SmartPoint3.4 Replacing verbsTantonoportuguêscomonalínguainglesa,algunsverbospodemsubstituiroutros verbos, adquirindo novos significados a partir do contexto ondeestãoinseridos.

No episódiodesta aula,Donavan, a proprietária dagravadora, perguntaaPowell,oempresáriodeDave,seRachaelpoderácausaralgumtipodeproblema.Elerespondedizendo:

Don't worry about her. Everything is under control and according to plan. She bought the amnesia story.

Quando Powell diz She bought the amnesia story, ele está dizendo queRachaelcomprou ahistória,nosentidodeacreditarnoque lhe foidito.Sendoassim,elepoderiaterditoafraseutilizando-seoverboTo believe no Past Simple.Escute:

She believed the amnesia story.

O verboTo buy tem como primeiro significado comprar, no sentido deadquirir algo pormeio de pagamento. Entretanto, podemos comprar o silêncio de alguémemtrocadealgumfavorecimento.Observe:

What will I have to do to buy his silence?

Learning activityWhich one do you listen?

Interactive activitySayitasitisasked

Audio


OutrosentidodoverboTo buypodeserodepersuadir alguém a fazer algo. Acompanheoexemplo:

A I’m sorry... Are you trying to buy me?

B No, honey. I’m just trying to convince you to help me with the dishes.

Nestaaulatrouxemosapenasumexemplodeverboquepodesubstituiroutrosverbos,masexistemvárioscasossemelhantes.Paraexercitaresteconteúdo,realizeaatividadeVerbs multiple meaningsnoAVA.

CatchingaGlimpse4. Who wants to live forever?

Itisbelievedthathumansarestillevolving.Alongthecenturiessomeclues,suchastheslowdisappearanceofthewisdomteeth,diseaseresistanceandshrinkingbrainsshowthecontinuousevolutionofhumankind.

Moreover,technologyalliedtosciencehasbeenworkingtomakepeoplelive longer, from decreasing infant mortality rates to creating effectivevaccinesandreducingdeathsrelatedtoheartproblems.

Ontheotherhand,improvingthelifeexpectancyfrom80toover100yearsrequires researchaboutcellularmechanismsthatmakepeoplebecomeold.Sciencehasbeenstudyingwhatgenedeterminesgrayhair,wrinkles,bonecrackingandthemostchallengingone,howtostopthehumanbraintogetweak.

Audio

Interactive activityVerbsmultiplemeanings

Integrated mediaAcesseoconteúdoWho wants to live forever?Paraacompanharotexto.


Peoplesurelywanttolivelongerandhealthier,butsomeofthemtendtolosethemselvesinwhatisrationalaboutdoingit.Agreatdealofpeoplebelievethattakingoverahundredpillsaday,eachonetoaspecifichealthproblem, will make them live beyond expectations. However, peoplecanhaveanoverdosebecausematchingdrugsdeliberately canstart achemicalreaction intheirbodies.Somepeoplegoevenfurther, theyputthemselvesunderdubioustreatmentswhichpromisemiracleresultsandsomeofthemendupdying.

Furthermore,peopleforgetabouthavingahealthydiet,suchaseating fruit and veggies every day, avoiding canned and salted meat, cutting down on sugar,aswellasjoining the “Slow food” movementtopreventstomachproblems.

Anotherverywelcomeoptionistoexercise regularly,whichactuallycouldmakethemquit takingagoodamountofpills.Choose walking or cycling over driving is an alternative that not only helps people exercise but isenvironment-friendly.

Therearesomebehavioralchangespeoplecanadopt thatwouldsurelymakethemlivelongerandlessstressed:don’t be a workaholic,thatis,findsometimetorelaxanddoactivitiesyouenjoy,andspend time with friends,whichisprovedtobeaveryniceoption.

Living longerandhealthiermightbeablessing,especiallywhenyouareabletoachieveyourlifegoalsandhaveyourdreamscometrue.However,be careful because trying to reach it deliberately can make your lifemuchshorter!

After reading this text, do the activity New life! to check your writtenproductionusingthecontentstudiedinthisclass.

Interactive activityNewlife!


5. That’s a wrapThisclassepisode,inwhichDavedoesn’trememberRachaelandPowellreassuresDonavanthatthemusician’sgirlfriendwon’tcauseanytrouble,wasthestartingpointforthestudyofvocabularyandgrammartopic.YoustudiedvocabularyrelatedtohealthandtheThird Conditional,whichdealswiththeeventsandresultsofahypotheticalsituationinthepast.TheOutloudsectionpresentedthepronunciationofwould’veandcould’ve,andintheSmartpointyoustudiedhowaverbcanbereplacedbyanotheronewithadifferentmeaning.Wehopeyoustudythislessoncarefullyanddoalltheactivitiesproposed.Moveontolesson04!

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