lesson 1: biotechnology and its history · 2016. 3. 7. · content and language integrated learning...

CONTENT and LANGUAGE INTEGRATED LEARNING LESSON 1: Biotechnology and its History Ø Teaching by Simona Casarosa Ø Summary by Jonathan Ezio Olandi Defini4on The term “biotechnology” refers to any technology, process or pracFce that modifies or harnesses living organisms or systems for human purposes. History Biotechnologies have been used for thousands of years in agriculture and medicine and only recently have expanded to many different fields such as bioengineering, biomanufacturing and biomedical engineering. The earliest biotechnologists were farmers who used selecFve breeding to improve their crops and livestock. 5000 BC to 1500 AD Agriculture is a biotechnology in itself and has evolved over thousands of years. 4000 BC Food preparaFon is also an important pracFce that implements biotechnology. For example the use of yeasts to brew beer was first employed by the ancient EgypFans. Early 1900s VaccinaFons and anFbioFcs are good examples of biotechnology applied to medicine Biotechnology Today! Nowadays, biotech is a highly mulFdisciplinary field with an infinite number of applicaFons. It employs many different disciplines, such as molecular biology and geneFcs , not only for research but also to create a wide range of commercial products. This has made biotechnology very aRracFve even at an industrial level and favoured its incredibly fast development. A few of the scienFfic disciplines employed in biotechnology Commercial products Marine and aquaFc applicaFons Agricultural applicaFons Industrial applicaFons Medical applicaFons

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CONTENTandLANGUAGEINTEGRATEDLEARNING

LESSON1:BiotechnologyanditsHistoryØ  TeachingbySimonaCasarosaØ  SummarybyJonathanEzioOlandi

Defini4onTheterm“biotechnology”referstoanytechnology,processorpracFcethatmodifiesorharnesseslivingorganismsorsystemsforhumanpurposes.HistoryBiotechnologieshavebeenusedforthousandsofyearsinagricultureandmedicineandonlyrecentlyhaveexpandedtomanydifferentfieldssuchasbioengineering,biomanufacturingandbiomedicalengineering.

TheearliestbiotechnologistswerefarmerswhousedselecFvebreedingtoimprovetheircropsandlivestock.

5000BCto1500ADAgricultureisabiotechnologyinitselfandhasevolvedoverthousandsofyears.

4000BCFoodpreparaFonisalsoanimportantpracFcethatimplementsbiotechnology.ForexampletheuseofyeaststobrewbeerwasfirstemployedbytheancientEgypFans.Early1900s

VaccinaFonsandanFbioFcsaregoodexamplesofbiotechnologyappliedtomedicine

BiotechnologyToday!Nowadays,biotechisahighlymulFdisciplinaryfieldwithaninfinitenumberofapplicaFons.Itemploysmanydifferentdisciplines,suchasmolecularbiologyandgeneFcs,notonlyforresearchbutalsotocreateawiderangeofcommercialproducts.ThishasmadebiotechnologyveryaRracFveevenatanindustriallevelandfavoureditsincrediblyfastdevelopment.

AfewofthescienFficdisciplinesemployedinbiotechnology

Commercialproducts

MarineandaquaFcapplicaFons

AgriculturalapplicaFons

IndustrialapplicaFons

MedicalapplicaFons

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Biotechnology (Biotechnology (US)/Biotechnology