Unit 1: Web FundamentalsLesson 5: HTML and Forms

August 20, 2013

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Lesson 5: HTML and Forms

Introduction to HTML

Learning to Use HTML

HTML and Email

History and Future of the

Web

HTML and Forms

Search Engine

Optimization

Learning to Use CSS

Introduction to CSS

Reusing Code

3 Ways to Use CSS

Separation of Concerns

Launching Your Own Website

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4

Lesson 8 Lesson 7 Lesson 6 Lesson 5

Lesson 9 Lesson 10 Lesson 11 Lesson 12

Build understanding Develop skills

Recap from last time (I)

• The World Wide Web was created by allowing webpages to link to one another

• Tags such as <img>, <video>, and <audio> have enabled users to view content

• Embedding allows users to view content without leaving a webpage

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A webpage A webpage embedded within a webpage

Recap from last time (II)

• It’s not hard to embed content into your own HTML page

• Websites such as YouTube will often provide code for you to copy and paste into your page

• In the future, websites will be able to invent their own tags!

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<iframe width="560" height="315" src=”http://www.youtube.com/embed/-bayV3wez50" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

YouTube-provided HTML code

We’ve seen how to get information from a server

• Every time we visit a new website, we are asking a server to send us the HTML files for that page

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HAHAHA

RouterISP

Facebook server

Amazon server

Youtube server

DNS

What about sending information to a server?

• We actually do this all the time

• Any time you log in to an account, or fill out a survey, or even do a Google search, you are sending information to a server

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We communicate with servers using forms

• Forms allow users to enter data that gets sent to a server for processing

• Forms can contain:• Checkboxes

• Radio buttons

• File attachments

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Forms make many things possible (I)

• Forms are often used for security

• Whenever you sign in to an account, the username and password you enter is checked

• This way the website knows it’s you!

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Amazon sign-in Gmail sign-in

Forms make many things possible (II)

• Forms are also used on all social websites

• All the content you see from your friends was entered using a form

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Facebook post Twitter post

Forms make many things possible (III)

• Forms allow us to search for content on the internet

• A search bar is just a simple form!

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Google search Yahoo search

How is HTML used to create a form?

• We use HTML to tell the server what kind of data to expect

• In the below example, we expect users to input text into the Amazon search bar

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The input type is text The rest of the code lets us control other options

Here’s how it looks

Let’s see another example

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This time, the input type is a radio button

More options

Here’s how it looks

What happens once the form is submitted?

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1. Let’s say you want to sign in to your Amazon account. After typing your username and password, you click to submit the form.

Form submission (II)

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2. Your login information is sent to Amazon’s server, so they can check to make sure it’s you

Amazon server

Form submission (II)

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3. Then the server accesses the Amazon database, which is like a filing cabinet where Amazon stores user information such as login info, credit card numbers, and past purchases.

Amazon server

Amazon database

Form submission (II)

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4. The database tries to find your username and password combination to check if it’s correct

Amazon server

Amazon database

Form submission (II)

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5. If the combination is correct, the server sends you the HTML files to access your account. If not, you will be asked to log in again.

Amazon server

Amazon database

Summary (I)

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• HTML is important not just for receiving information, but also for sending data to a server

• Forms allow us to actively engage with the internet, both sending and receiving information as we browse websites

Amazon server

Amazon database

Summary (II)

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• There are many different types of forms – these allow for many features such as account login and search bars

• User information is stored in databases, which are similar to filing cabinets with a different file for each user

Google search Gmail sign-in

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What to do on your own

1. Go to URL to complete the Codecademy course online

2. Do the practice set on the material learned

3. Take the follow-up quiz to test your understanding