lesson 3-a net improvement: configuring network services and protocols
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Lesson 3-A Net Improvement: Configuring Network Services and Protocols. Overview. Understand basic TCP/IP concepts. Configure TCP/IP. Set up DHCP. Set up DNS and WINS. Understand Basic TCP/IP Concepts. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP): - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
by Rashid Khan
Lesson 3-A Net Improvement: Configuring Network Services and Protocols
by Rashid Khan
Overview
Understand basic TCP/IP concepts.Configure TCP/IP.Set up DHCP.Set up DNS and WINS.
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Understand Basic TCP/IP Concepts
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP): Is the most common protocol for handling
network communications on Microsoft networks. Is also the preferred protocol for the Internet.
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Understand Basic TCP/IP Concepts
Addressing: Computer networks require unique addresses
for each connected device. The TCP/IP protocol suite implements IP
addresses that provide a unique identity to devices on the network.
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Understand Basic TCP/IP Concepts
Unique IP addresses are necessary for communication
between network devices.
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Understand Basic TCP/IP Concepts
Addressing (continued): Subnet masks. Public IP addresses. Private IP addresses.
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Subnet Masks
A subnet mask indicates the part of an IP address that refers to the network and the part of an IP address that refers to devices (hosts) on the network.
Masking a smaller segment of the IP address allows few networks with more hosts.
Masking a larger segment of the IP address allows more networks with few hosts.
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Subnet Masks
Subnetting: Custom subnet masks can be used to subdivide
a single range of IP addresses into two or more smaller ranges.
Network administrators can decide to separate segments of the network to enhance security, ease management, and enhance performance.
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Public IP Addresses
The Internet service provider (ISP) provides Internet connectivity to organizations, and handles the actual assigning of IP addresses.
ISPs get their allocation of IP addresses from a Local (LIR), National (NIR), or Regional Internet Registry (RIR).
IP addresses for public networks are distributed using a system of three primary classes, known as classes A, B, and C.
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Public IP Addresses
Address Ranges for Class-Based IP Addresses
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Public IP Addresses
The Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) is an addressing scheme for allocating IP addresses.
It uses variable-length subnet masks, which helps control the number of addresses assigned to any particular network.
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Private IP Addresses
The Internet Assigned Numbered Authority (IANA) reserves special ranges of IP addresses for use within private networks.
Such addresses are recognized as private addresses by networking hardware and software.
Such networks connect to other external networks through routers that support Network Address Translation (NAT).
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Configure TCP/IP
Dynamic and static IP addressing.Changing connection properties.
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Private IP Addresses
Acceptable Ranges for Private IP Addresses
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Dynamic and Static IP Addressing
Dynamic IP addressing: A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
server provides a dynamic IP address to each device as it connects to the network.
A dynamic IP address can often change, each time a connection to the network is established.
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Dynamic and Static IP Addressing
Static IP addressing: A static IP address does not change. Static addresses need to be set manually.
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Change Connection Properties
The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box
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Change Connection Properties
The Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialog box
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Change Connection Properties
The Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties
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Change Connection Properties
Specifying an IP Address
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Change Connection Properties
Specifying an IP Address
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Set Up DHCP
DHCP benefits.Configuring DHCP.
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DHCP Benefits
DHCP offers the following benefits: Windows accepts an incorrect TCP/IP address
or a subnet mask entry, as long as the typed format resembles an actual address or a subnet mask.
DHCP ensures that each address is unique.
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Configuring DHCP
At least one server on the network must be configured as a DHCP server.
DHCP sever is not installed with Windows Server 2003.
DHCP manages IP addresses by issuing a lease to client computers for a particular address. The address is taken from a pool of addresses called the scope.
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Configuring DHCP The scope >> a range of IP addresses that
are valid for the network to which the DHCP server is connected.
The lease issued to clients is valid for a limited time for a particular IP address.
Prior to the expiration date, the client can request for a renewal.
If the lease expires, clients have to request for a new IP address from the DHCP server.
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Configuring DHCP
The New Scope Wizard offers the following settings to add a new DHCP scope:
Name and description. IP Address range and subnet mask. Excluded IP addresses. Lease duration. Default gateway. Domain Name System (DNS) and Windows Internet
Name Service (WINS) settings.
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Configuring DHCP
Adding a Scope
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Configuring DHCP
Specifying an IP Address Range
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Configuring DHCP
Adding Exclusions
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Configuring DHCP
Configuring DHCP Options
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Configuring DHCP
Contents of the Scope
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Set Up DNS and WINS
DNS and WINS can translate Internet domain names to IP addresses.
This translation process is called name resolution.
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Set Up DNS and WINS
Difference between DNS and WINS.Configuring DNS.Client configuration.
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Set Up DNS and WINS
The Windows Components Wizard
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Set Up DNS and WINS
Networking Services
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Set Up DNS and WINS
Completing the Windows Component Wizard
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Difference between DNS and WINS DNS:
DNS should be installed on most Windows Server 2003 networks.
DNS resolves the IP host name to the IP address. However, operating systems such as Windows
NT and Windows 98 communicate over networks using NetBIOS names.
Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) names need the services of WINS to be resolved into IP addresses.
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Configure DNS
Lookup zonesZone name
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Lookup Zones
A forward lookup zone sends name resolution requests for names outside a domain to an external DNS server.
The internal DNS server handles all requests for internal name resolution.
The DNS server processes each name resolution request and determines whether or not it can resolve the name.
If the DNS server cannot resolve the name, it queries known external DNS servers.
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Zone Name
A zone name: Identifies the domain or portion of a domain for
which a DNS server is responsible. Is used by the DNS server to determine which
name requests are internal and which are not.
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Client Configuration
Clients connected to the network must be properly configured to work with DHCP.
On Windows XP and Windows 2000, the TCP/IP settings can be configured to obtain the IP address and the DNS server address automatically.
On older operating systems, the WINS server needs to be configured to use DHCP for WINS resolution.
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Client Configuration
Configuring a DNS Server
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Client Configuration
Selecting a Configuration Action
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Client Configuration
Selecting a Primary Server Location
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Client Configuration
Specifying a Zone Name
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Client Configuration
Setting Dynamic Updates
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Client Configuration
Forwarders
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Client Configuration
The DNS Tab in the Advanced TCP/IP Settings
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Client Configuration
Configuring Scope Options
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Summary
The TCP/IP protocol suite is the preferred protocol for networks and the Internet.
It distinguishes each device on a network by implementing IP addresses.
TCP/IP can be configured statically or dynamically.
DHCP servers can reuse IP addresses that are not currently in use.
DNS and WINS can resolve Internet domain names to IP addresses.