COMMUNITY BASED HAZARD

AND EVACUATION MAPPING

MODULE 4.0

3.1 Introduction to Hazard and Evacuation Maps

3.2 Map creation using web mapping software

3.3 Functions and Applications of software

3.4 Hazard mapping process

3.5 Map creation

3.6 Final product

SESSION OUTLINE

COMMUNITY-BASED HAZARD AND EVACUATION MAPS

Community-based hazard and evacuation maps are created by analysing field observation data taken during town watching.

These maps are created by the community with the assistance of DRM specialists

The maps help communities better understand their disaster risks, allow them to make targeted actions to reduce their risk and inform the community of safe spaces and evacuation routes to be used during a specific disaster

IMPORTANCE OF HAZARD AND EVACUATION MAPS Hazard and evacuation maps are important for people to know hazardous areas and safe areas within the community.

Shows the community evacuation routes needed to take in a disaster (how to evacuate safetly)

Help the community to prepare for future disasters

MAP CREATION Once the community members along with the DRM experts have collected data (through the town watching step) and vetted the data; it can then be used to develop the community-based hazard and evacuation map.

MAP CREATION USING WEB MAPPING SOFTWARE

The web mapping software used by ADB in this project is GeoBingAn Web. This software has a variety of functions that enable the user to use town watching data to produce appropriate, evidence based and community accepted hazard and risk maps and evacuation maps.

WEB MAPPING SOFTWARE

In order to view the data collection reports and perform basic mapping functions you will need to use mapping software. Some mobile applications provide a web viewing and mapping platform, if it doesn’t, QGIS should be used.

NEEDED FUNCTIONALITY OF WEB MAPPING SOFTWARE

Overlay Town-Watching data on OSM basemap;

Town-Watching data visualized by category, or as disadvantageous and

advantageous data;

OSM data filtering and visualization, ie, buildings in poor condition,

houses with more than one storey;

Draw and label all type of spatial data (points, line and polygon);

Export spatial (GIS) data to commercial data format

Upload kml, geojson and geotiff data

Create and export reports and maps

APPLICATION OF WEB MAPPING SOFTWARE

View OSM basemap

View the townwatching data collected using the mobile application

Manage and process data

Create a community-based hazard/evacuation map

Download created data (i.e hazard polygons, evacuation maps)

HAZARD MAPPING PROCESS

Remember:One map represents one hazard FLOOD

TSUNAMI

LANDSLIDE

EARTHQUAKE

View the

town

watching

reports

Validate

the

reports

Create

the

hazard

polygons

Identify

the

evacuatio

n route

Ensure

the data

and the

map can

be

updated

in the

future

All community base hazard and evacuation maps should

identify the following: Hazard Areas

Landslide prone areas

Flood prone areas

Storm surge prone areas

Elements at Risk

Identify structures in the high risk areas

Roads that can be damaged

Evacuation Sites / Shelters

Public Shelters

Private Shelters

Other potential evacuation sites

Evacuation Routes

Condition

Alternative routes

Pick up points / Staging Areas

Condition of Critical Facilities

Water Facilities

Power Facilities

Health Facilities

Communication Sites

Food Sources

MAP CREATION STEPS

1. View each report on the map – zoom in and out to ensure all the information collected is present

2. Categorize the points into blue – advantageous and red –disadvantageous. To validate the data view the photographs of each point.

MAP CREATION STEPS

3. Use the exposure database to identify all of the buildings in poor condition. Change the symbol on the map to ensure these stand out from other buildings.

4. Identify all buildings which are shelters – this is important for evacuation planning

5. Use reports to draw hazard polygons onto the map – make sure to label the hazard type (FLOOD HAZARD) and using the chosen hazard colour (usually red) present this on the map.

Buildings in

poor

conditions

shortcut

MAP CREATION STEPS

6. Upload local hazard and risk data if available. This can contribute more information to the hazard and evacuation maps.

7. Estimate the number of people living within each hazard area.

When estimating the number of

people living in each area, be

sure to only count residential

buildings. By using OSM,

information can be collected

regarding the building use.

Commercial

Residential

MAP CREATION STEPS

8. Identify the shelters and their capacity to plan the evacuation routes. If there are more people then there are shelters – they need to establish pick up points where residents can be relocated to a safe area.

By clicking on the shelter

the attributes should

show the capacity of

each location.

MAP CREATION STEPS –EVACUATION ROUTES

9. Draw and label the evacuation route as a polyline on the map. Colour this green. For evacuation routes:- Prioritize evacuating high risk populations to the nearest shelters- Keep in mine the population number and the capacity of each shelter

Note: shelters should not be in hazard area

With the understanding of the population affected and the capacity of each shelter determine the route

and shelter location for each groups of affected people to evacuate; use the reports for guidance and

the community

MAP CREATION STEPS

9. Export the data from the online web mapping software as a shapefile and the map as a jpg or png image.

10.Update the shapefile of the hazard data frequently as the risks change. This way the hazard map will be more accurate in an event of a disaster.

11.The final map should be printed and posted in public areas so that the community members know the hazard areas and evacuation routes.

EXAMPLES OF COMMUNITY BASED HAZARD AND EVACUATION MAPS

HAZARD MAP (SAMPLE)

COMMUNITY-BASED HAZARD AND EVACUATION MAPS SHOULD BE APPROVED BY THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND SHARED IN PUBLIC SPACES AND ITS USE PROMOTED IN THE COMMUNITY

THANK YOU FOR COMPLETING HAZARD

AND EVACUATION MAPPING