Lesson 46 BellringerLesson 46 Bellringer Greg and Cecilia have been dating for Greg and Cecilia have been dating for seven months. Recently, they have become sexually active. seven months. Recently, they have become sexually active. Now, when Greg urinates it burns.Now, when Greg urinates it burns.

What are Greg’s responsibilities?What are Greg’s responsibilities?

What are Cecilia’s responsibilities?What are Cecilia’s responsibilities?

How could this situation have been How could this situation have been avoided?avoided?

Within a few days of finding out I may Within a few days of finding out I may have been infected with HIV I would ….have been infected with HIV I would ….

If my test was positive for HIV I would If my test was positive for HIV I would have to ….have to ….

I don’t want to become infected with HIV I don’t want to become infected with HIV because …because …

Lesson 46Lesson 46Reducing the Risk of STDs and Reducing the Risk of STDs and

HIVHIVWhat are two types of STDs?What are two types of STDs?

BacterialBacterialViralViral

What are some bacterial What are some bacterial STDs?STDs?

ChlamydiaChlamydia Most common in U.S.Most common in U.S. Spread by sexual contactSpread by sexual contact Spread by pregnant mother to child during deliverySpread by pregnant mother to child during delivery Can cause blindness or pneumonia in babiesCan cause blindness or pneumonia in babies What are the symptoms?What are the symptoms? May have no visible symptomsMay have no visible symptoms Painful urinationPainful urination Discharge from penisDischarge from penis Pain or swelling in scrotumPain or swelling in scrotum Burning sensation during urinationBurning sensation during urination Discharge from vaginaDischarge from vagina sterilitysterility

What is PID?What is PID?

Pelvic Inflammatory DiseasePelvic Inflammatory DiseaseScarring of fallopian tubes or Scarring of fallopian tubes or

oviductsoviductsSterility (unable to have children)Sterility (unable to have children)Ectopic pregnancy (fertilized egg Ectopic pregnancy (fertilized egg

implants in Fallopian tube instead of implants in Fallopian tube instead of uterus-fetus dies and the mother is uterus-fetus dies and the mother is also at great risk)also at great risk)

Are males or females more likely Are males or females more likely to get STDs?to get STDs?

Females are more prone to Females are more prone to contracting an STDcontracting an STD

Why?Why?Micro-tears form in females during Micro-tears form in females during

intercourse which increases the intercourse which increases the likelihood of bodily fluid exchangelikelihood of bodily fluid exchange

In a male there would have to be a In a male there would have to be a lesion or open wound on the penislesion or open wound on the penis

Name some other bacterial Name some other bacterial STDsSTDs

SyphilisSyphilisGonorrhea Gonorrhea

(read more about these in your book)(read more about these in your book)

What viral STDs are there?What viral STDs are there?

HerpesHerpesHPV (Human Papillomavirus) HPV (Human Papillomavirus) HepatitisHepatitisHIV/ AIDSHIV/ AIDS

What is worse about viral What is worse about viral STDs?STDs?

There is no cure, which means once There is no cure, which means once you get it you have it for the rest of you get it you have it for the rest of your lifeyour life

It may be dormant and then you can It may be dormant and then you can have outbreaks of ithave outbreaks of it

There are also STDS that are There are also STDS that are caused by parasites. What are caused by parasites. What are

they?they?Pubic licePubic liceTrichomoniasisTrichomoniasis

What is leukoplakia?What is leukoplakia?

HIV positive people can develop oral HIV positive people can develop oral hairy leukoplakia which is white fuzzy hairy leukoplakia which is white fuzzy patches on the tonguepatches on the tongue

How is HIV transmitted?How is HIV transmitted?

Sexual contactSexual contactOpen-mouthed kissing- risk is very lowOpen-mouthed kissing- risk is very lowSharing needles for drugs or tattoosSharing needles for drugs or tattoosContact with blood or other bodily fluidContact with blood or other bodily fluidBlood transfusion in another countryBlood transfusion in another countryOrgan donation in another countryOrgan donation in another countryBeing born to an HIV positive momBeing born to an HIV positive mom

What are things you can do and What are things you can do and not have to worry about HIV not have to worry about HIV

transmission? transmission?

(Hint: pg. 507)(Hint: pg. 507)

What is the only 100% effective What is the only 100% effective way to avoid HIV, STD’s, teen way to avoid HIV, STD’s, teen pregnancy or other emotional pregnancy or other emotional

complications?complications?

AbstinenceAbstinence

What if you have already been What if you have already been sexually active?sexually active?

Change your behaviorChange your behavior

What other ways can you protect What other ways can you protect yourself?yourself?

Get testedGet tested Does your Doctor test you at an OB/GYN appointment? Does Does your Doctor test you at an OB/GYN appointment? Does

your family Doctor test you during a regular check-up?your family Doctor test you during a regular check-up? you have to ask for each specific testyou have to ask for each specific test

have a monogamous marriagehave a monogamous marriage choose a drug free lifechoose a drug free life avoid drugsavoid drugs change your behavior if you have used drugs in the change your behavior if you have used drugs in the

pastpast avoid sharing needlesavoid sharing needles follow universal precautionsfollow universal precautions don’t kiss someone with an open sore on their mouthdon’t kiss someone with an open sore on their mouth don’t use the same cup, towel or sheets/bed of an don’t use the same cup, towel or sheets/bed of an

infected personinfected person

Look at “just the facts” on pg. Look at “just the facts” on pg. 509509

Where can you get tested? Where can you get tested? Will they report the results to Will they report the results to

anyone? anyone? Who will know? Who will know? Can I test at Home?Can I test at Home?Use pg. 512Use pg. 512

Bellringer Day 2Bellringer Day 2

Why are STD’s spread so easily?Why are STD’s spread so easily?Why is it difficult to obtain a test?Why is it difficult to obtain a test?Do you think testing at home can Do you think testing at home can

help stop the spread of HIV?help stop the spread of HIV?How can we promote the importance How can we promote the importance

of getting tested?of getting tested?

Why is testing difficult?Why is testing difficult?

Some people have no idea they are Some people have no idea they are infected with an STD.infected with an STD.

Many are too embarrassed or fearful Many are too embarrassed or fearful to ask or get a test.to ask or get a test.

It is much easier to test at home than It is much easier to test at home than walk into a clinic for an HIV test.walk into a clinic for an HIV test.

Easier access to tests and counseling Easier access to tests and counseling are available however, many people are available however, many people do not take advantage of the offers.do not take advantage of the offers.

Bellringer Day 3Bellringer Day 3

How would you feel if you or How would you feel if you or someone close to you had HIV?someone close to you had HIV?

Would you be able to live a normal Would you be able to live a normal life?life?

What kind of lifestyle changes do HIV What kind of lifestyle changes do HIV patients have to make in order to patients have to make in order to enjoy life?enjoy life?

HIV +HIV +Over time, treatment has increased Over time, treatment has increased

the life expectancy of people infected the life expectancy of people infected with HIV and many live normal lives with HIV and many live normal lives with modifications. with modifications.

They must follow a treatment programThey must follow a treatment programMultiple pills several times a day Multiple pills several times a day

referred to as drug cocktailreferred to as drug cocktailPlan their diet carefullyPlan their diet carefullyBe careful around people with Be careful around people with

communicable diseases because of communicable diseases because of their weakened immune systemtheir weakened immune system

Where can you get more Where can you get more information?information?

MTV.com - FFYR Protect YourselfMTV.com - FFYR Protect Yourself