lesson 8 modals
TRANSCRIPT
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- My cousin, who is only 2 years old, can already speak.
- Can your sister play the piano?
- Messi can play football very well.
- Lets buy some Chinese food. I cant cook very well.
- My uncle, who is a chef, is able to prepare delicious
dishes.
- If you save money, you will be able to buy a new car.
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- When I was four years old, I could read and write.
- Sarahs grandmother could sing very well.
-My cousin couldnt swim until last year and now she can
swim better than me.
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- Can you pass me the salt, please? (REQUEST)
- Can I come in? (ASK FOR PERMISSION)
-Ok, you can go now. (GIVE PERMISSION)
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- Could you help me with this exercise? Its so difficult.
COULD is also used to make a polite
suggestion.
A: Im going to Holland next week.
B: Oh, really? You could visit your Dutch relatives then.
- Mrs. Lola, may I go to the toilet?
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- Will you help me with the suitcases, please? Theyre so heavy.
- Would you open the window, please? Its so hot in here.
- Shall I help you with your luggage?
- Would you like a sandwich?
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- Students in private schools must wear a uniform. (RULE)
- All of our friends are going to that party. We must go too.(NECESSITY)
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The
obligation
comes
from the
speaker
The
obligation
doesnt
come from
the speaker
MUM: You must be home by 11 oclock.
You go out. When its time to go, you can say:
Ill leave. I have to stay home by 11 oclock.
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They have more or less the same meaningbut
HAVE TO is used for all the forms MUST
doesnt have. Moreover, HAVE TO is used inthe interrogative sentence.
- Do you have to go right now?
- Yesterday I had to do the washing because the washing-
machine broke down.
- If you want to be successful, you will have to work very hard.
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Prohibition No obligation, no necessity
-You mustntsmoke in the premises. (IT IS PROHIBITED, IT IS
NOT ALLOWED)
- You dont haveto wear a uniform at school. (IT IS NOTNECESSARY)
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-She neednt bring anything; theres lots of food.
-She doesnt have to bring anything; theres lots of food.
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- Its 8 oclock. Sally must be at work. (IM SURE)
- Its 8 oclock. Sally cant be at home. (ITS IMPOSSIBLE)
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-Advice
-Opinion
-Moral duty
-You ought to improve your manners.
-I think you should tell him the truth.
-Carol should visit her grandfather more often.
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Scissors can bedangerous if not used
properly.
I may go to the party.
(Im not sure, its
possible)
I might go to the party.
(Im not sure its improbable)