Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Biology

What is needed for something to be biotic?CellsGenetic codeGrow, develop, reproduceRespondHomeostasisChange over time

Video – Jot down what the following people did?Aton vanLeeuwenhoekRobert HookeSchleidenSchwannVirchowWhat are the 3 parts of cell

theory?

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Discovery of Cells

Robert Hooke – 1665

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Anton van LeeuwenhoekSchleiden and SchwannRudolf Virchow - 1855Cell theory

All living thingsBasic unitsProduced from existing cells

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Types of CellsSimilaritiesProkaryotes

BacteriaDNA is freeSmallerSimpler

Archaea

ProkaryoteSlight differences

Extremophile

Bacterial cell

Animal cell

Lesson Overview Cell Structure Eukaryotes

Enclosed DNALargerMore complexPlants, animals, fungi…

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Why are cells important?

• Bodies are made of cells• Cells Tissues Organs Bodies

• 3 main jobs• Make energy• Make proteins• Make more cells

• Organelles• Do the work

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Observation of Cells Lab- Take a very thin slice of onion and observe under a

microscope- Draw a diagram of what you see, try to get one cell - Label any known structures and the observation

magnification- Take a small scraping of cheek cells and observe under

a microscope- Draw a diagram of what you see, try to get one cell- Label any known structures and the observation

magnification- Homework: Complete labeling assignment sent to

you as a Google Form

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Daily Review #1

1. What is the difference between prokaryotes, eukaryotes and archaea?

2. Why does an organism need cells?

3. What are the 3 parts of cell theory?

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Cell (Plasma) Membrane• Boundary

• Separate inside from outside• Transport materials

INfood- sugars- proteins- fats

saltsO2

H2O

OUTwaste- ammonia- salts- CO2

- H2O products- proteins

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Make a Cell Membrane

• Need something to separate from water

• Phospholipids• Head (phosphate) –

hydrophilic• Tails (lipids) –

hydrophobic• Bilayer

• Embedded proteins• Fluid mosaic

• Exterior carbohydrate chains

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Semi-Permeable Membrane

inside cell

outside cell

lipid

waste

• Control what gets in and out• Protection• Import nutrients• Export products and

waste• Allows some material to get

in and out• Some things move freely

• Fats• Oils

• Other things need “doors”• Membrane proteins

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Membrane (Channel) Proteins

• Go across the layers• Proteins are specific

• Only allow certain molecules through• Complex shapes

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Diffusion• Move from high to low concentration

• Trying to even things out• Why molecules will move across the membrane through

proteins• Type of passive transport

• No energy used

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Daily Review #24. Why is a cell membrane

considered a

a) Bilayer?

b) Fluid mosaic?

c) Semi-permeable?

5. Why do cells need cell membranes?

6. What will happen in the picture to the right and why?

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Lesson Overview Cell Structure

Active Transport

• Requires energy (ATP)

• Uses special membrane proteins (pumps)

• Moves against the concentration (uphill)• Low to High

• Why?• Need even more

inside than there is• Na and K

Lesson Overview Cell Structure