by

Presentation Outline

1. Introduction

2. Purpose of a lesson plan

3. Four Major Elements of a lesson plan

4. Six common mistakes in writing lesson

plans

5. Lesson plan the easy way

6. Characteristics of a good lesson plan

7. Advantages of lesson plan

8. Writing lesson plans

9. How to plan

8. Measurement, Assessment & Evaluation

in Education

9. Practice lesson planning

(Hall display)

…Course Outline

Objectives:

By the end of the session the

participants will be able to:

•Explain the process of lesson

planning

•Prepare a lesson plan as per the text

book.

•Demonstrate their understanding of

the skills enhanced through the use

of the lesson plans.

OBJECTIVES OF THE DAY

…objectives

• Learn a skill that will help to define you as

a teacher.

• Understand the concept of thinking of

a lesson plan as a way of communicating

• Help new or inexperienced teachers

organize content, materials, and methods.

• An objective is a description of what a

student does that forms the basis for

making an inference about learning.

Purpose of a lesson plan:

To

• structure the lesson

• organize its contents/materials

• determine method of its delivery

• assess students’ learning

• evaluate its application/effectiveness

FOUR MAJOR ELEMENTS

• Educational Objectives

• Content and Appropriate Teaching

Activities

• Preparation of all the Material

• Monitoring & Assessing Learning

: Six Common Mistakes In

Writing Lesson Plans

(AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM)

1. Poorly written objectives lead to faulty inferences.

2. The lesson assessment is not connected with the behavior indicated in the objective.

3. Prerequisites are not specified or are inconsistent with the lesson requirements.

4. The materials specified in the lesson are irrelevant to those described learning activities.

5. Teacher’s instructions are inefficient

6. Students activities do not contribute effectively to the lesson objective

Tutor’s input: Six common mistakes in LPs

Lesson Plan the Easy Way

The clearer the

structure of a lesson

and the more precise

the directions on what

is to be accomplished,

the higher the

achievement rate.

FIVE LEVELS OF PLANNING

1. Daily planning … (Teacher)

2. Weekly planning… (Teachers-individually

as well as in groups)

3. Unit planning … (Teachers’ Group /Co –

ordination)

4. Term planning …

5. Yearly planning …

… Lesson Plan The Easy Way

Characteristics

A Good Lesson Plan is

a. based upon previous knowledge.

b. caters to the age level of students.

c. uses motivational techniques

d. includes necessary materials

e. is student centered, flexible, complete, interesting & activity based

f. has proportionate time allocation

g. includes evaluation process

h. includes all the essential elements of a lesson plan

… Lesson Plan The Easy Way

Advantages of lesson plan

• makes the work regular & organized

• it induces confidence.

• it saves time

• promotes learning.

• it makes conscious for the achievement

of objectives.

• improves results

… Lesson Plan The Easy Way

Writing Lesson Plans

The writing of lesson plan has three important

Functions:

• identifies what you expect the students to be able to do by the end of the lesson

• defines what you intend to do to make that possible

• keeps you focused on target.

• acts as a record of what the class has done.

… Lesson Plan The Easy Way

WRITING LESSON PLANS

Components of a lesson

plan:

• Topic

• Resources

• Objectives

• Methodology

• Activity

• Homework

EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

…….are the learning outcomes of

a lesson i.e. what the students

should be able to know or do at

the end of the lesson that they

could not do at the beginning!

… EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

• Specify the new skills that the

students will gain as a result of the

lesson

• Focus on student’s (not teacher’s)

attainment

• Determine the degree or criterion

for satisfactory attainment of the

objectives.

… EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Setting Objectives

What will the learner be able to:

• Know (concept…cognitive)

• Do (skill… psychomotor)

• Feel (behavior, attitude, appreciation or ideas…affective)

Each defined objective is matched with:

• Teaching Method

• Learning Activities

• Type of Assessment

Note: Relevance is the essential quality of the educational objectives

Activity # 2 :EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Objectives should be SMART:

• Specific

• Measurable

• Attainable

• Realistic

• Time bound

Write SMART Objectives for:

English & Urdu:

Comprehension

Creative writing

Grammar

Literature – summary , RTC.

Mathematics

Science

Social studies

Library

ROLE OF

LEARNING MATERIALS

• Defines Instructional Objectives

• Sets Tasks to Attain Objectives

• Informs Learners of Tasks they have to Perform

• Provides Guidance and Practice

• Provides Feedback on Retention of acquired

Skills

• Makes the teaching effective.

• Supplies concrete basis for conceptual thinking.

• Makes learning permanent

Teaching Materials / Resources

A. COURSE BOOKS

B. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS:

1. Teacher’s book

2. Work book

C. SUPPORTING MATERIAL:

1. Audio Materials

2. Visual materials

3. Audio-visual materials.

4. Multi media

Audio Visual Aids

Supporting Materials

TEACHERS PUPILS ENVIRONMENT MANUFACTURED

VISUAL AIDS

B/W BOARDS PICTURES FLASH REALIA *

CARDS

PICTURE WORD ADAPTABLE

FLASH CARDS FLASH CARDS FLASH CARDS

MODERN CLASS ROOM

(MULTI-MEDIA)

POSTERS COMPUTERS

CHARTS

OPAQUE

PROJECTORS

OVERHEAD

PROJECTORS

TAPE

RECORDERS

OTHER

VISUAL

MATERIALS

TELEVISION

AND VIDEOS

LEARNER

WRITING LESSON PLANS

Methodology - Specify Timings of each of these steps: (40/80 minutes)

• Settling time

• Introduction

• Previous Knowledge

• Presentation – Brainstorming / Discussion / teacher’s Input

• Practice (Students output) – CW. Oral / Written

• Home Work

• Assessment – Test / worksheets

Any teaching Item has three stages

METHOD

Presentation

Practice

Production

Method

Presentation of the Items involves

• Preparing class

• making sure the concept is absolutely

clear to student

• giving the model example of the item

• Practice the Teaching Item involves:

• repetition/ drilling

• Dialogue / discussion

• Worksheets

Production of the Teaching items:

Involves:

• Role play

• Games / dialogue etc

• Practicing the item

• Assessment

…METHODS

…WRITING LESSON PLANS

Activities: Daily – Life application of

the concept

Type & nature of activities:

– individual / group work

– reading

– project / art work / model making

– role play

– presentations

– charts / maps

– practical work etc.

ROLE OF ACTIVITIES

• source of motivation

• making learning interesting

• decrease the anxiety of learner

• concrete base for abstract learning

• develop confidence (individually, group work)

• develop creativity

• flexible and friendly environment

• provides students an approach towards learning

• capture the attention and involve the students in learning situation

Explain the following components of lesson plans – Group Work:

I. Content

II. Prerequisites

III. Instructional Objective

IV. Instructional Procedures

V . Materials and Equipment

VI. Assessment/Evaluation

VII. Follow-up Activities

VIII. Self-Assessment

Activity

TUTOR’S INPUT

I. Content:

This is a statement that relates to

the subject-matter content. The

content may be a concept or a skill.

Phrase this as follows: I want my

students to: (be able to [name the

skill) OR (I want my students to

understand a description of the

concept).

II. Prerequisites:

Indicate what the student must

already know or be able to do

in order to be successful with

this lesson.

…TUTOR’S INPUT

…TUTOR’S INPUT

III. Instructional Objective:

Indicate what is to be learned -

this must be a complete

objective. Write this objective

in terms of what an individual

student will do, not what a

group will do.

IV. Instructional Procedures:

Description of what you will do in

teaching the lesson, and, as appropriate,

includes a description of how you will

introduce the lesson to the students, what

actual instructional techniques you will

use, and how you will bring closure to the

lesson. Include what specific things

students will actually do during the

lesson. In most cases, you will provide

some sort of summary for the students.

…TUTOR’S INPUT

V. Materials and Equipment: List all

materials and equipment to be used by

both the teacher and learner and how

they will be used.

VI. Assessment/Evaluation: Describe

how you will determine the extent to

which students have attained the

instructional objective. Be sure this part

is directly connected to the behavior

called for in the instructional objective.

…TUTOR’S INPUT

VII. Follow-up Activities:

Indicate how other

activities/materials will be used to

reinforce and extend this lesson.

Include homework, assignments,

and projects.

…TUTOR’S INPUT

…TUTOR’S INPUT

VIII. Self-Assessment

(to be completed after the lesson is presented):

Address the major components of the

lesson plan, focusing on both the

strengths, and areas of needed

improvement. Determine here how you

plan to collect information that will be

useful for planning future lessons. A good

idea is to analyze the difference between

what you wanted (the objective) and what

was attained (the results of the

assessment).

Activity

Complete the Educational Circle

05 minutes

Complete the educational circle

TUTORS INPUT:

THE EDUCATIONAL CIRCLE

Activity

Instructions:

Topic: Preparing Lesson Planning (Maths, Science, Urdu, Social studies, English)

Duration of activity: 30 minutes

Materials required: Flip charts, chart paper, markers

1. Tell the participants that they will prepare lesson plans based upon what they have so far learned.

2. Divide the participants into groups. Every group will work on preparing lesson plans.

3. Allocate topics from the textbooks for each subject.

… Instructions

4. Allow the participants to prepare

lesson plans as per their topics.

5. Each group presents their lesson.

6. Once the groups have made their

presentations exchange the lesson

plans between groups for analysis,

comments and revision if required.

7. Invite groups to share their

analysis and comments.

8. Repeat the above steps for each

subject.

Aim: Before Planning a Lesson

Questions you need to ask are:

• What are the inputs?

• What is the output?

• What do I expect the student to be able to do by the end of the time available?

– What will I do in order to make that possible?

– How will I break up the time into main stages?

– What will be the main stages be linked?

– What materials/aids will I need to achieve these aims?

… Activity

ProcessInput

Process

Output

Devise a 40/80 minute lesson based on

the method PPP – don’t forget to set the

objective

The following headings may assist you:

Components of a lesson plan

• Topic

• Objective

• Resource

• Methodology

• Activities

• Homework

• Assessment

• Evaluation (Self analysis – PPIR an MCF)

… Activity

Gallery Display

Feedback and discussion on lessons

prepared

… Activity: Preparing a lesson plan

MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT AND

EVALUATION IN EDUCATION

Who is going to Assess Me?

Weekly Evaluation

Intrinsic feed back (self analysis) based on

• How do I plan a lesson?

• How do I follow a curriculum?

• How can I become an excellent classroom manager?

• How do I make the best use of the text book and other audio-visual aids?

• What do I do when things go wrong?

• How do I know if my lesson is successful? What is the evidence? under planned / over planned, realistic targets % of student

achievement?

Self Evaluation

• Through Student’s output

• Intrinsic feedback (self analysis)

• Extrinsic feedback ( head /seniors)

• Informal ( parents)

STUDENTS’ EVALUATION MUST BE BASED ON…

Six levels of

Cognitive

DomainEvaluation

Knowledge

Comprehension

Application

Analysis

Synthesis

A Focus on Higher level thinking skills

Evaluation

Knowledge

Comprehension

Application

Analysis

Synthesis

A Focus on Higher level thinking skills

Student Evaluation : Bloom’s Taxonomy

Writing an Objective based Assessment

Whenever a teacher guides

instruction toward a specific

learning objective, it is safe to

assume that there will be, at some

appropriate point, an appraisal

made to determine whether the

students have met or achieved the

intent of the objective

RULE OF THUMB

Be sure to provide students

with the opportunity to practice

what you will be assessing

them on.

I cannot change the direction of the wind,

I can adjust my wings to sail in its

direction but ….

Touching Education

Thank You

Daily Lesson PlanDate/Day: 15th Jan 07-Mon Class/Sec: VI -Red

Period: 1st - 2nd (80 min) Subject :Eng-LangTopic :Comprehension

Objective: St.will be able to fully understand / comprehend the passage and

be able to Ans.Q correctly.

Resources : Und.& Comm. Bk 1---Thirsty World pg-83,map of the world

Methodology : (2 min ) settling down / announcing of the day’s work.

(2 min ) Model reading .

(30 min) St. read.+pronun.+meanings+understanding key

wordsHW

(5 min ) Ex. A 1 pg.84 meaning in context (On the Books) Pg. 84……Ex B

No.1,2,3 & 4

(10 min) B Choose the best ans.

(5 min) Read Q, & underline key words

(20 min) Pg. 85 ans. 3 any important Q.(Q. will not written

in the copies )

(6 min) H.W & copy collection.

Date/Day : 17th Jan 07-Wed. Class/Sec : VII-Blue

Period : 3rd ( 40 min ) Subject : Science Topic : Light

Objective: Student to understand light as a form of energy Its impact on our daily lives

How it travels Understand about shadows

Resources : Text bk 2 Expl.Sc pgs 155 to 159 ,Teachers guide A/V

aids,charts,board.

Methodology : (5 min) Change over of teacher and settling down of St.

(5 min) Introduce light. Practical examples torch, switch on the light ,shut &

open eyes

introduce 6 new topic related words with explanation (ref. syllabus)

(10 min) Conduct a simple experiment to show shadows,

introduce luminous ,non- luminous objects explanation and

examples from daily life.

HW

Class can be taken outside if possible for practical

observations .

Demonstration of opaque,transparent,translucent objects.

(15 min) Begin work from Work Book pg.28 interaction of

class

(5 min ) Recap of lesson

Daily Lesson Plan

Daily Lesson PlanDate/Day:18th Jan 07- Thur Class/Sec : VII-Blue

Period: 5th (40 min) Subject :Geography Topic : Longitude

and Latitude

Objective: St. to be able to identify lines of Long.& Lat.

To know how to locate any place on earth

Local / International Time

Resources :Text book I pgs 64-67, Teachers Guide,Globe,World Map, Charts,

Board

Methodology :(3 min) Change over of teachers and settling down of SS

(3 min) Introduction of the new topic.

(18 min) Demonstration of the globe & wall map

Long.& Lat , equator , poles , tropics cancer &

Capricorn.

GMT , International Date Line , Time Zone.

division of lines in degrees on map to show

locations. special

ref.Pakistan , moon sighting , Jet Lag

explanation and oral feedback.

HW

(16 min) Work Sheet –relevant work ..recap Revise

Activities : (5 min ) use an orange / s to demonstrate to St.

Activity #8

• In the light of lesson you have

planned give a brief evaluation

plan to assess student

achievement and then evaluate

your lesson plan.

• Homework