lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from agriculture and rural development day...

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Lessons on best prac-ce for climate smart agriculture from ARDD 3 Presented by James Nyoro Managing Director, Africa Region, Rockefeller Founda6on

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Synthesis of key lessons and messages from Agriculture and Rural Development Day, held in Durban on 3 December 2011 in Durban, South Africa.

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Page 1: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Lessons  on  best  prac-ce  for  climate  smart  agriculture  from  ARDD  3    

Presented  by  James  Nyoro  Managing  Director,  Africa  Region,  Rockefeller  Founda6on    

Page 2: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Today  at  ARDD  2011  

1.  The  Challenges  2.  Who  is  most  at  risk?  3.  What  climate  smart  agriculture  delivers:  •  Resilience  •  Food  Security  and  Incomes  •  GHG  Reduc-on  

4.  How  to  make  the  investments  and  policy  changes  to  take  climate  smart  agriculture  to  scale  

5.  Respond  to  the  call  for  ac-on  -­‐the  whiskey  boOle  on  the  table  

Photo  credits:  Palmer/CIAT    

Page 3: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

The  Challenges  • Weather:  $7.5  billion  lost  to  extreme    events  in  2010  • Waste:  1.3  billion  tonnes  of  food  wasted  each  year  • Water:  884  million  people  lack  clean  water  • Land:  1.5  billion  depend  on  degrading  land    • Poverty:  1.4  billion  live  on  <$1.25/day  • Hunger:  1  billion  are  hungry  • Over  consump-on:  1  billion  obese  • Future:  How  to  feed  extra  1  billion  people  by  2025  • Climate  change:  Makes  this  all  harder   Over  20%  of  food  purchased  in  

developed    countries  is  wasted  

Millions  of  people  have  no  access  to  clean  water  &  electricity  

Photo  credits:  1.  Howle>/University  of  Leeds  –  2.  Anon    

Page 4: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Who  is  most  at  risk?  

Smallholders  and  Rural  communi-es  

•  Every  year  climate-­‐related  disasters  affect  >200  million  people  cos-ng  over  $70  billion  

•  87%  of  households  in  3  SA  countries  slide  in  and  out  of  hunger  when  exposed  to  shocks  

•  Shocks  (drought/disease)  increase  vulnerability  and  asset  ownership  at  household  level  

Add    one  more  photo  to  match  bullets  

Ethiopia  children  born  in  disaster  are  41%  more  likely  to  be  stunted  

90%  of  economic  losses  in  Africa  are  from  droughts,  floods,  and  storms  

Photo  credits:  1.  Howle>/University  of  Leeds  –  2.  Scripture/World  food  Programme  

Page 5: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

What  is  climate  smart  agriculture  

• Sustains  the  health  of  the  land  and  increases  produc-vity  

 • Does  not  pollute,  degrade  land  or    loss  of  forests  and  biodiversity  

 • Delivers  food,  fibre,  fuel,  incomes,  nutri-on,  carbon  sequestra-on  and  reduces  GHG  emissions    

Farmers  produce  what  we  need  

Farmer  in  Burkina  Faso  with  good  harvest  using  plan6ng  pits  

Photo  credits:  1.  CGIAR  Challenge  Programme  on  Water  and  Food  2.  CIMMYT      

Page 6: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

•  Niger  >5  million  ha  regenerated  500,000  tonnes  of  cereals  per  year,  beneficng  1.25  million    

 •  Evergreen  agriculture  improves  yields  by  

30-­‐150%    •  160,000  Zambian  farmers  are  using  

conserva-on  agriculture    •  Burkina  Faso  farmers  are  using  water  

harves-ng  to  restore  land  and  increase  yields      •  Denmark  has  reduced  agriculture  emissions  by  

54%  since  1990  and  increased  produc-on.    

Evidence  of  Success  in  CSA  

Add  three  photos  to  match  bullets  

Faidherbia  parklands  in  Niger  

CA  has  doubled  Sinoya    Phiri's  yields  in  Zambia    

Photo  credits:  1.  ICRAF  –  2.  Bafana/IPS            

Page 7: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Is  science  enough?  

•  Integra-ng  local  and  scien-fic  knowledge  is  a  essen-al  for  weather  forecasts  to  be  used  by  farmers  

•  WMO  ac-vely  working  with  pastoralists    

•  In  Tanzania  under  a  project  95%  of  farmers  used  weather  informa-on  by  using  science  &  local  knowledge  

 •  There  is  evidence  for  demand  –  in  a  survey  80%  of  Kenyan  farmers  said  they  would  pay  for  informa-on  

Ethiopian  woman  reading  rain  gauge  

   

Photos  credits:    1.  Rambaldi/CTA  –  2.  Oxfam  America      

Farmers  using  par6cipatory  methods  to  integrate  local  and  scien6fic  knowledge  

Page 8: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Partnerships  maOer  

•  Climate  smart  agriculture  produces  climate  smart  products  -­‐  labels  can  take  these  to  markets  

 •  Dryland  Seed  Ltd  is  using  seed  from  the  KARI  to  produce  and  distribute  drought  resistance  maize  Ø 1800  farmers  and  800  agro-­‐dealers  trained  in  seed  mul-plica-on  

Photo  credits:  1.  Cafédirect  -­‐  2.  Dryland  Seed  Ltd/CIMMYT/KARI/AGRA      

Ruth  Musila  used  drought  resistant  maize  and  did  not  lose  her  crop  

Cafédirect    products  

Page 9: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Markets  maOer  

•  Linking  carbon  financing  to  reduce    barriers  that  restrict  farmers’  opportuni-es  

•  Partnerships  can  remove  obstacles  to  input/output  markets,  and  enhance  smallholder  investment  

Danish  farmers  are  producing  20%  of  the  country’s  renewable  energy  

Photos:    and  Elverfeldt/Zagst/FAO    

Markets  and  crucial  to  the  lives  of  women  in  Tanzania  

Page 10: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Reducing  risks  

•  $1  invested  in  insurance-­‐for-­‐work  results  in  at  least  three  -mes  the  value  in  Ethiopia  

 •  This  has  led  to  uptake  from  200  to  13,000  HH  in  three  years  and  has  paid  out  to  1,800  HH  

 •  Index  based  insurance  to  80,000  smallholder  farmers  in  Mali  and  Burkina  Faso  

Armyworms  are  a  major  pest  and  risk  to  farmers  –  insurance  can  reduce  risk  

Photo  credits:  1.  World  Bank  –  2.  Mushobozi    

When  drought  hits  safety  nets  help  build  the  resilience  of  communi6es  

Page 11: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Mi-ga-on  funding  –  the  icing  on  the  cake?  

•  Its  best  to  focus  funds  on  increasing  yields  rather  than  cash  payments    

•  2500  farmers  adopted  in  Kenya  without  cash  incen-ves  

•  Extension  services  need  to  work!  

•  Kenyan  farmers  have  seen  yields  increase  by  15-­‐30%,  and  >20,000  farmers  are  prac-cing    climate  smart  agriculture  Ø We  have  the  methods  to  do  this  verified  

by  VCS  that  can  be  scaled  up  

•  Carbon  financing  needs  to  be  augmented     Kenyan  farmers  are  already  benefi6ng  from  mi6ga6on  funding  

Photos:  World  Food  Programme    

Terraces  and  compos6ng  deliver  higher  yields  and  sequester  carbon  

Page 12: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Gecng  Policy  and  Finance  Right  •  Voice  of  the  communi-es  must  be  given  opportunity  to  influence  policy  

•  Water  policies  need  to  shiq  towards  small-­‐scale  technologies    

•  Policies  should  be  designed  for  the  smallholders,  risk  reduc-on  and  the  landscape  

•  Climate  financing  needs  to  work  for  smallholders  and  be  combined  with  private  &  public  financing  

•  Involvement  of  commercial  banks  &  insurers  are  key  to  increase  finance  

•  Extension  services!  

We  need  to  give  voice  to  people  like  Tekleweini  Girmay  and  her  family  

Photos:  Jansson/Oxfam  America  and  Howle>/University  of  Leeds  

Climate  smart  means  landscape  smart  

Page 13: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Our  Ac-ons  

• Use  evidence  on  what  works  to:  Ø Help  change  agriculture  policies  Ø Develop  climate  smart  agriculture  programmes  

Ø Invest  in  climate  smart  agriculture  

Ø Work  with  others  to  deliver  change  (e.g.  Forestry)  

Ø Undertake  new  research  informed  by  CSA  smart  progress  indicators  

Photo  credits:    Palmer/CIAT    

Its  up  to  us  

We  need  to  get  to  the  safe  space  

Page 14: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Regional  ac-on  

•  Example  of  Africa:  – AU/NEPAD  climate  smart  agriculture  under  CAADP  

– RECs:  e.g.  COMESA  work  on  conserva-on  agriculture  

– Tanzania  Kilimo  Kwanza  – Focussed  research  thro’  sub-­‐regional  research  orgs  

Kenyan  farmers  using  Moneymaker  pump  for  more  sustainable  agriculture  

Irriga6on  

Page 15: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Global  ac-on  

•  Agriculture  and  food  security  central  to  UNFCCC  agreements  

•  Agriculture  at  the  heart  of  green  growth  and    Rio+20  

•  G20  to  increase  focus  on  food  security  and  climate  smart  agriculture  

Photos:  ICRAF  and      

Mexico 2012

Page 16: Lessons on best practice for climate smart agriculture from Agriculture and Rural Development Day 2011

Thank    you!