Let’s draw and label the life cycle of a mushroom

Please sketch the following diagram in your notes…it will be helpful in the future!

Kingdom Plantae

Biology 11Mrs. LeBlanc

September 22nd, 2013

Kingdom Plantae Multi-cellular Autotrophic Eukaryotic Cell walls made of cellulose Store food in the form of starch

Have chloroplasts containing chlorophyll

Most are terrestrial although there are exceptions

Nonvascular

No vesselsNo rootsNo stemsNo leavesEx: Mosses and

liverworts

VascularHave vessels to

transport food and water

They have roots, stems or leaves

Ex: grass, corn, trees, flowers, bushes

Xylem: transports waterPhloem: transports food &

nutrients

Seedless plants (e.g., ferns) have a vascular system but reproduce using spores.

Seed plants reproduce using seeds

Seed Plants Gymnosperms have seeds

that are not enclosed. "naked seeds" cone bearing plants (seeds

grow on cones) needle like leaves usually stay green year

round wind pollinated Examples: pine trees &

evergreens

Angiosperms are the most successful group of plants

They have co-evolved with insects to improve pollination.

Flowering plants Seeds are enclosed, usually in a fruit Most are pollinated by birds & bees Have finite growing seasons Examples: grasses, tulips, oaks,

dandelions Divided into two main groups:

Monocots & Dicots

Monocots Angiosperms have 1

seed leaf (cotyledon)

parallel veins on leaves

3 part symmetry for flowers

fibrous roots Example: lilies,

onions, corn, grasses, wheat

Vascular tissue scattered

Dicots Angiosperms that have

2 seed leaves (cotyledons)

net veins on leaves flowers have 4-5 parts taproots Examples: trees and

ornamental flowers Vascular tissue

arranged in a ring

Success of Angiosperms

Transport gametes over great distances.

Efficient dispersal via fruit. Tough, water resistant leaves for

survival in hostile environments.

Pollination

Birds are attracted to red flowers.

Bees can see colors that humans cannot.

Moth-pollinated flowers are white and bloom at night.

Many insects are attracted to odors. One species smells like rotting meat and is pollinated by flies.

Flowers are often shaped so that non-pollinators cannot reach nectar or pollen. For example, hummingbird-pollinated flowers are long, and shaped like the bill of a hummingbird.

Wind-pollinated flowers are small, have no petals and little color and do not produce nectar.

Problems living in a terrestrial ecosystem

Support - in water, the plant is held up. On land, a support system is required.

Getting Water and Nutrients Aquatic plants are surrounded by water and

nutrients so most cells can just absorb them the environment. Terrestrial plants require a system for collecting and transporting water.

Plants developed root systems that can collect and transport water. Some plants have shallow roots which spread out to collect water.

Water carrying minerals from the roots can travel to all parts of the plant and food made in the leaves can travel to non-photosynthetic parts of the plant.

Drying Out Leaves are covered by

a waterproof outer layer called the cuticle.

Openings in the leaves called stomata allow passage of gases for photosynthesis but can be closed when it is too warm.

Gymnosperms have very narrow leaves to minimize water loss.

Spreading Gametes

Spores – tiny reproductive cells are carried long distance by the wind

Seeds: – The embryo inside the seed is surrounded

by a tough, drought-resistant, protective seed coat. Food packaged in the seed provides energy for the young plant until it can grow above the soil and begin photosynthesizing.

– Adaptations of seeds help in their dispersal. Some seeds are carried by wind, stick to the fur of animals or are eaten.

Today’s Work –Monday September 22nd

1. Complete the Monocot/Dicot colouring with the large lily on the back and pass it in!

YOU SHOULD BE VERY FAMILIAR WITH THIS COLOURING FOR THE UNIT TEST!