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LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

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Page 1: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY!Graduate Students’ Association

Page 2: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

ICE-BREAKER Find someone who… Try to get at least 5 in a row!speaks more

than 1 language.has a physical disability.

knows a Sign

Language.has never known

anyone with a mental health

concern.

always needs to ask people to repeat

themselves.

is married.

has never met an LGBTQ+ individual.

has sought treatment for a mental health

concern.

has treated someone differently

based on their gender or sexuality.

likes to play sports.

doesn’t know what LGBTQ+

means.

was born and raised in Canada.

has an accent.

has lived in another country.

has experienced a mental health

concern.

is wearing something

purple.

has had problems communicating with people who speak a

different language from their own.

has stayed up all night to finish a

paper.

identifies as LGBTQ+.

has worked with people from other

countries.

Page 3: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Barriers to Accessibility

1. Ideological Barriers2. Interpersonal Barriers3. Institutional Barriers4. Structural Barriers

Page 4: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Ideological BarriersIdeological barriers stem from a belief system (or ideology) that asserts a particular group or

population as superior/inferior to another.

Page 5: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Ideological BarriersIdeological barriers can present themselves

through explicit discrimination or prejudices, but are also very present in indirect assumptions

and attitudes.

Page 6: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Interpersonal BarriersMisunderstandings, problems, or conflicts which

occur as a result of the communication or cultural differences of the interacting parties.

Page 7: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Institutional Barriers

Organizational policies, practices, and processes that exclude certain individuals.

Page 8: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

What institutional barriers can you identify? Who might be excluded here?

The School of Graduate Studies (University of Toronto) requires letters of reference for all

applicants.

Page 9: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Individuals who experience social anxiety, or communicative issues in social settings might

not be able to get or ask for such a letter.

Page 10: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

What institutional barriers can you identify? Who might be excluded here?

The School of Graduate Studies (University of Toronto) requires letters of reference for all applicants. Only specific email addresses

are acceptable. The OISE website states that:

A valid institutional/organizational e-mail address is necessary in order for a referee to upload their letter. An e-mail address that is not

linked to an institution, organization or business is not acceptable (examples are Gmail, Hotmail, and Yahoo Mail).

From: http://www.oise.utoronto.ca/ro/Graduate_Admissions/Application_Steps/Submit_Required_Supporting_Documents.html

Page 11: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Someone might have recently lost their job and therefore only have a personal email address. They are not fit to be a referee

because they do not belong to an organization. This is a barrier for the potential student.

Page 12: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Structural BarriersStructural barriers can include the architectural or structural design of a building that restricts access.

Structural barriers may also include items to the physical environment that affects life experiences, such

as inaccessible affordable or inadequate housing. Structural barriers can also include things such as

inaccessible public transportation.

Page 13: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Physical ‘Disability’

What are physical ‘disabilities’?

• Mobility-related disabilities• Health and medical disabilities• Disabilities that result from brain injuries

Page 14: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Terminology

Do NOT use the following language to describe people with disabilities:

• Handi-capable/handicapable• Differently abled• Physically challenged (or mentally challenged

or any form of "challenged") • Special needs or "special" in general

Page 15: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Ableism

• Disability is a social construct that is centred around ableism or the ableist society.

• Ableism is the discourse in western society that creates and maintains practices and beliefs that those living with a disability are inferior or less valuable to society.

Page 16: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Accommodations

• Accommodations and services may include, but are not limited to, ensuring physical access to spaces, programs and resources.

Page 17: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Top 10 Tips

1. Don’t assume.

2. Always communicate.

3. Take the time to listen.

4. Empathy is key.

5. Do not categorize.

Page 18: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Top 10 Tips

6. Be an enabler.

7. Plan for accessibility.

8. Be supportive.

9. Teach inclusion to everyone.

10. Treat everyone equally.

Page 19: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Intercultural Communication

Did Jeannie communicate successfully with Shakina?What could she have done to become a better

intercultural communicator?

Page 20: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Top 10 Tips

1. Slow down and speak clearly.

2. Separate questions. Avoid negative questions.

3. Avoid slang.

4. Watch the humour.

5. Be a code breaker.

Page 21: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Top 10 Tips

6. Pay attention to the non-verbal.

7. Meta-communicate.

8. See similarities.

9. Be interested and curious.

10. Avoid stereotypes and prejudices.

Page 22: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Gender & SexualityUnderstanding Gender and Creating Inclusive Spaces

Common ways that we make spaces exclusive, uncomfortable, or unsafe:

1. Assumptions

2. Binary categories3. Unnecessary identification/categorization4. Language and images

Page 23: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Gender & SexualityUnderstanding Sexuality/Sexual Identity and Creating Inclusive Spaces

Common ways that we make spaces exclusive, uncomfortable, or unsafe:

1. Assumptions

2. Unnecessary identification/categorization

3. Language and images

Page 24: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Mental Health

11 Statements about Mental

HealthSources:http://www.cmha.ca/mental_health/myths-about-mental-illness/http://www.nimh.nih.gov/about/director/2011/antidepressants-a-complicated-picture.shtml

Page 25: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

No one factor (event, personality trait, relationship, etc.) can cause mental illness.

FACT! Mental illnesses are complicated conditions that arise from a combination of genetics, biology, environment, and life experiences

Page 26: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

People who experience mental illness are weak and can’t handle stress.

FICTION! Everyone is affected by stress.

“People who experience mental illnesses may actually be better at managing stress than people who haven’t experienced mental illnesses.

Many people who experience mental illnesses learn skills like stress management and problem-solving so they can take care of stress before

it affects their well-being. Taking care of yourself and asking for help when you need it are signs of strength, not weakness.

Page 27: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Depression is an inevitable part of aging.

FICTION! It is not inevitable.

It is true that, “Older adults may have a greater risk of depression because they experience so many changes in roles

and social networks.” However, that does not mean that every person will experience

depression as they get older.

Page 28: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Mental health problems are not real health problems. They usually go away on their own.

FICTION! Mental health problems are real. There are a variety of

effective treatments for mental illnesses. They do not go away without some sort of intervention.

Page 29: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Treatment for mental illnesses is as simple as taking prescription medication. Once you get on the right

drug for you, you’ll be “cured”. It’s like surgery!

FICTION! Not every individual responds well to medication.

For example, in the case of depression, “Treating depression involves many moving parts, only one of which is antidepressants.”

-Thomas Insel Director of National Institute for Mental Health (NIHM, U.S. Department of Health &

Human Services)

Page 30: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

People with mental illnesses are more violent and dangerous than other people.

FICTION! “People who experience a mental illness are no more violent than people without a mental illness. Researchers agree that

mental illnesses are not a good predictor of violence.”

Page 31: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Researchers estimate that as many as one in five Canadians will experience a mental illness

at some point in their life.

FACT! While you might never experience a mental illness, there is a good chance someone you know will. Mental illnesses affect everyone. People who struggle with mental illnesses need acceptance and

support from people in their community. “Family members and loved ones do have a big role in support and

recovery.”

Page 32: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Kids can’t have a mental illness like depression. Those are adult problems.

FICTION! “Even children can experience mental illnesses. In fact, many mental illnesses first appear when a person is young. Mental

illnesses may look different in children than in adults, but they are a real concern.”

Page 33: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

People who experience mental illnesses can’t work or don’t want to work.

FICTION! People with mental illnesses are not lazy or incompetent!

“Mental illnesses don’t mean that someone is no longer capable of working”. “Some people benefit from changes at work to support their goals, but many people

work with few supports from their employer. Most people who experience serious mental illnesses want to work but face systemic barriers to finding and keeping

meaningful employment.”

There might be some structural barriers because of accommodations people might need.

Page 34: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

According to a 2007 study, 76% of Canadian workers believe it is easier for workplaces to deal with physical

disabilities than with mental health conditions.

FACT!According to that same study, only 20% of Canadian workers are

even aware of any specific guidelines or policies in their workplace for dealing with or accommodating people with mental health

conditions.(Source: Mental Health in the Workplace, Great-West Life Centre for Mental Health in the Workplace, 2007)

Page 35: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

LGBTQ+ individuals face higher risks of some mental health issues.

FACT!“This is due to the effects of discrimination and the social

determinants of health.”

Page 36: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Ways to increase accessibility

1. Provide access to a quiet space2. Consider giving ‘Trigger Warnings’

3. Proactive communication

Source: CripChick

Page 37: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

Language?

Is “mental illness” appropriate? Is there better language that can be used?

Page 38: LET’S TALK ABOUT ACCESSIBILITY! Graduate Students’ Association

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