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J ENGINEERS & 2e1 Commerc"' su..vP o Bo• 7~ SCIENTISTS Po,land. Maont0<1112

(207)775-5<101 Tele•iol..329ECJORDANCO November 28, 1989

Kr . David Dickaraon u.s . Environmental Protection Agency JFJt Federal Building !IRS-CAN 2 90 Canal street loaton, MA 02114

Dear Mr. Dickaraon:

Thia latter praaanta E. c. Jordan co. •a (Jordan) evaluation or the biaxial atraaa taata parforwadi on gaoaeabrana and C)aotaxtila aaaplaa fro• tba cover ayataa currently beinq conatructad on Cbarlaa Gao1'9a Undtill in Tyngaborou9h, Kaaaachuaatta. Tha taata vera comaiaaionad by Camp Draaaar and McKee, Inc. (COM) ;~rf::~oraed by GaoSyntac, Inc. (GaOSyntac) of Boynton Beach,

The raaulta of tha biaxial atraaa taata are included in Attachaant A, alon9 with copiaa ot the corraapondanca tranaaittin9 tha data troa GaoSyntac to Cl»> ancS troa Clll to OIZPA. A total ot thraa taata vara pertor.- 1

• one taat Cln a aaapla ot the taxturacS vaoaaa))rana alone,

• one on a •••pla ot tha vaotaxtila alone, and. a ona on a coapoaita aaapla ot taxturacS vaoaaGrana

ovarlyinv the vaotaxtila .

Jtaaulta vera praaantad. by GaoSyntac on a ainvla vraph ot aaxiaua aaapla datlaction varaua applied. hydroatatic praaaura. Additional d.ataila ot tha teat proqraa vera var))ally o))tainad on Novaabar t, Ul9 troa Dr. Julaa P. Wintraa ot Gaosyntac , and included. the tollowin9 1

a Saaplaa \tara ::-o~ ;"'d ; 80 mil thick by 44-inch attactiva diuetar .

a Datlaction vaa aaaaurad at the canter ot tha aupla, in a direction perpendicular to tha aaapla poaition at tha atart ot tha taat.

Loadinq ot the aampla waa dona in a call by applying air or water presaure to ona side ot the aample, while tha other aida was open to the atmoaphere .

Boston. MnwcnuM l11

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Mr. David. Dickaraon Paga 2 Noveabar 28, 1989

Praaaura waa incraaaad at a rata ot 10 pai par minute, raqulatac! by a hand oparatad valva. Kaaaura•ant ot the loacHnq praaaura waa by viaual obaarvation ot a Bourdon gauge with a 5-100 pai range .

It vaa alae atatacS by or. Wintraa that no idantitieation or ori9ination intoraation waa attached to tha auplaa, although tha qaoaaabrana vaa daacribad aa having a textured. aurtaca aiailar to that ot Gunc.tla Lining Syatau, Inc. textured HOPE producta.

Tha teat raaulta ware evaluated by Jordan to d.ataraina their applicability to both daaign and field conditione at tha Charlaa Georva Lan4till. Spherical qaoaatry, aaauaad rapraaantativa of tha aaapla datoraation, vaa uaad to calculate tha tvo-diaanaional aaapla atrain . Tanaionad aaabrana theory (Giroud, at al., 1988) was uaad to correlate tha aaxiaua pruaura laval• obtained. in tha laboratory taata with the field con41tiona ot the cover ayataa d.aaip, aaauain9 equal levela of tvo-cU.•anaional aaaple atrain and planar tenaion. Reaulta of thaae calculation• indicate that the ;aoaeabrane-9aotext1le coapoaite aaaple ia batter able to aupport the cover ayat.. load over void.a and d.iffarantial aattlaaanta than the ;eoaaabrana alone, dua to tha additional tanai"l.e atran9th offered by the 9eotaxtila. It ia Jordan •a calculation that tha 910aaabrane-;aotaxtila coapoaita will reach the laval of parforaance attained in tha laboratory teat when aubjactad to a ditfarantial aattluant ;raatar than 17 feat aero•• a apan of 77

~::.;.1:;./~~y;rof(~!•c:v~;u~Y::::·~:mp~~.;::,tri~:t~~n .~!:~ force davalopaant) .

It ahould ba noted t.hat aubaidanca larqa anouqh to toatar thia laval ot differential aattlaaant, although not iapoaaibla, ia at the upper bounda ot future aubaidanca predicted in Jordan (1989). Tanaila failure dua to cover ayataa loacUnq o :. tha 91oaaabrana ia conaidarad unlikely, basad upon tha bi axial atraaa taat raaulta. However, this conclusion muat be conaidarad in light ot aavaral cavaata :

a Tha tull tanaila atranqth laval ot tha gaoaaabrana•qaotaxtila compoaita aaapla obtained in tha laboratory taat was uaad in the analysis, with no inclusion ot an y factors of aataty or .ot ranqth reduction va luaa . No al lowanc e haa bean made for variances ot manufacturing or tor acratchaa, abrali i ona , or other detects cauaed during normal qaomaabrana handling and inatallation operat ions .

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I Kr. David Dicke.raon Paqa J Noveabar 28, nit

• Thia evaluation baa baan baaed on tha raaulta of a ain9la biaxial atraaa teat partoraad on tha qaomeabrana-gaotaxtila coapoaita. Thara ia no data by which to aatiaata tha variability of tha taat con4itiona and apparatua and tha aftacta upon tha aaaaurad raaul ta .

a It waa aaaumad that tha aaaplaa auppUad to GaoSyntac for tha biaxial atraaa taata &.ra rapraaantativa of tha aatariala actually uae4 on tha Charla& C&0%'9& aita and may ba conaidarad tha critical aaction (i.e., lovaat tanaila atranqth) .

a Hot included in thia analyaia vaa any conaidaration of tha affacta of craap, tha loaa of atranqth with tiaa, or of loldinq rata.

Wa appraciata tha opportunity to raviav thaaa la.b raaulta and perfom our analyaia baaed on actual fabric teata rather than

~:;r;;•:~~car~~~r !~P~:t:~~t~:t, ~ ~••ti!;t:~ the actual fabric abould reeolva the queation •• to vbatber or not tha 9&otextile will protect tha 9aoaa~rana . Tha queation baa nov baan ruolved. wa concur with CI»C that tha 9eotaxtila doaa in fact provide extra atren9th to tha 9eoaeabrane. The 9eotextile uaed on conjunction with the 9eoaubrana appear• to ba a auitabla cover eyatea for aettleaant axpactad at tba Cbarlaa Gaor9a Landt ill. It haa bean a plaaaura vorJdft9 the OS!PA on tbia project. If you have any queationa, pleaaa do not beaitete to call.

Your• vary truly, ·

a.~--Site Kana9er

GWV/ lt

!.c. Jordan (1989). "Technical Meaorandum Evaluation ot Charlea George Landfill Subaidence11 Report to lbaaco Servicea Incorporated ancS the United Statea !nvironaental Protection Agency, Saptubar 1989. " "' "" orn

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'l'Oz Dlvt Dickeraon, EPA

noh Jack-'· a:t< t" 0\arlea Geor91 I.MX!fill

Gt~rant./OeOtextile Biaxial Str..l 'l'..t

,.,.., ,.,.,..,., 6,1989

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-BUr- tlr·. Hoar :

The aaapl.. of vovan JIOtaxtlla and tntu.ud aaoaaabraM f\lnl.hhad by c.., Draaaar aDd Kc.X.a IM. n U October 1919 wen a\abjacud to hotroplc blu.lal atra..lDa 1D tba C:.oS7DteC hydronac u roo. ca-.,araNra and ataDClard dbplac-ac racaa. The •tadab wua aach taatd alone and ln c011ld.aaclcm wlcb aaoll other. Ia the cua of Ua aaounna. uatlq •aloM• aDt.ailad hpedq a layu of O. OOS la. thick polyacbybaa fila u a pa aaal n U.

-~r (upnr..) dde of ca. aaouatlla . 01a of t:bb pa ual b anlMtH to ... 2 to 5 perceat to cH ...,ta capdlllty at &rl'1 at•aa uu..; critical calculattOM abot&ld cab ebb artlflclal atraqcbnlq into ace-c. INt the

' .. -~ -~~!•po-~d vlth _ao _co~actlon factor.. _./

laa\llU of the c..una ahow that tha r..htaDCa to dhplaceMat/Uraft1Ch : capablUtlaa of tba JIOM.brAM and tba aute:~.tila an addltha vbaa unad . toaacbn_(laa fipra attached) • .u pU81\&1'aa of tba can 1Dcr...a U.W. a

. . . . al~ ~alue. ·.the tvo Mteriall behaYII u a co.podte •Y•tea t.uofu u their· . -. ­

-~~~~~~h.~~},!!.~~~~-.U:~--~~~~-~· ' . . ~~=-:;.~~-~~~::~:;;f·i~ tbe te1t1Da of tM ao..-ru. alone vu canled to failure. V. wn uublo · ·

: .. to _fall ~ P..uatU.o 1D a rupture .ode, oltMr •a1cme• or la cOOiblaatloa. ··:·- · - -· ·· - · -- -· :-:::---· GeotyateC-.pjtl"eclate• the oPpol"tunlty to CODdu.Ct-·tt.;•e teit.i ~ -~ ·.,. taop;·cru; -·

data aro appl"opl"lata for 'fO\II" aeoda .

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~thetJa and Polymer Testlng

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