level human body systems description and functions

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Regulation and Homeostasis in the Human Body: Overview

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  • Regulation and Homeostasis in the Human Body:Overview

  • How do Humans and other complex mammals maintain homeostasis? They must carry out all needed life functions in a coordinated way. What does our species need to accomplish?Growth Repair of injuriesGet energy Get building materialsGet rid of waste Keep away diseaseRespond to changing environmentReproduce

  • Eleven Body Systems work together to maintain homeostasis and carry out these tasks:1. Nervous System 2. Endocrine System 3. Lymphatic System 4. Circulatory System5. Respiratory System 6. Digestive System 7. Excretory System8. Skeletal System 9. Muscular System 10. Integumentary System 11. Reproductive System

  • 1. Nervous System: Structures: Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves, Neurons (Cells of nervous system)Functions: Coordinates the bodys response to changes to internal and external environment

  • 2. Endocrine System Hormone SystemStructures: Glands - Hypothalmus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries (in females), testes (in males)Functions: Produce Hormones. Controls growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction

  • 3. Lymphatic System Immune SystemStructures: White blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, lymph vesselsFunction: Helps protect the body from disease; collects fluid lost from blood vessels; returns the fluid to the circulatory system

  • 4. Circulatory SystemStructures: Heart, Blood vessels, bloodFunctions: Brings oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells; fights infection; regulates body temperature

  • 5. Respiratory SystemStructures: Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungsFunctions: Provides oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes carbon dioxide from body

  • 6. Digestive SystemStructures: Mouth, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small and large intestines, Function: Breaks down foods into simple molecules that can be used by the body for respiration and building cells

  • 7. Excretory SystemStructures: Skin, lungs, kidneys (nephrons), ureters, urinary bladder, urethraFunctions: Removes waste products of metabolism from the body

  • 8. Skeletal SystemStructures: Bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendonsFunctions: Supports the body; protects internal organs; allows movement; stores mineral reserves; provides a site for blood formation

  • 9. Muscular SystemStructures: Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscleFunction: Works with skeletal system to produce voluntary movement; helps circulate blood and move food through the digestive system

  • 10. Integumentary System (Skin)Structures: Skin, Hair, Nails, Sweat and Oil GlandsFunctions: Serves as a barrier against infection and injury; Helps to regulate temperature; Protects against UV light

  • Structures: Female- Uterus, Fallopian tubes, ovary, cervical canal, cervix, vaginaMale Penis, Vas Deferens, Prostate, Epididymis, Testes, Scrotal Sac, Seminal VesicleFunction: Produces reproductive cells; in females nurtures and protects developing embryo11. Reproductive System

  • Room temperature increasesThermostat senses temperature change and switches on heating systemThermostat senses temperature change and switches off heating systemRoom temperature decreasesSection 35-1Example of Feedback Loop