leviton makes it easy - wireless (final), 10-9-06
TRANSCRIPT
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Wireless & PoEWireless & PoECurrent and Emerging SolutionsCurrent and Emerging Solutions
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Leviton Manufacturing Background
Founded in 1906 in Brooklyn, NY,
celebrating 100 years of success! Levitons first product was gas mantle tips
for gas lamps when the city of New Yorkinstalled gas lamps.
Isadore Leviton (pictured) was a partnerwith Thomas Edison.
Industrial, commercial, OEM andresidential markets
The average American home containsmore than 100 Leviton devices
In a major American city lit up at night,about 90% of the lights you see are
connected to some kind of Leviton device Leading supplier of electrical, lighting
control, power quality, and voice/dataproducts.
Over 3.2 million products produced perday
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The Leviton Family of Products
American Insulated Wire
Lighting ManagementSystems Division
Integrated Networks
& ControlsDivision
Voice & Data Division
Electrical Business
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Voice & Data
Connectivity Solutions for the Commercial and Residential Premise
Copper, Fiber, Wireless, Data Center and Power solutions
Proud to continue our manufacturing heritage in a state of the art facility inBothell, WA
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Introductions Leviton Product Management
Tom Schoepf
Mfg. Rep. Firm: Triumph Marketing
Mike Lester
Dan McDonald
Danielle Talieri
Leviton Wireless and POE Product Support Team
Ross Goldman (VP and GM)
Joan Johns (Marketing)
Tom Schoepf (Product Manager)
Rick Taylor (Sr. Product Manager)
Scott Robinson (Director, Copper Programs)
Jeff Seefreid (Manager, Electrical Engineering)
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Agenda
Market Overview
Enterprise Wireless Applications Spectrum Allocation IEEE Wireless Standards & Emerging Wireless Technologies
Wi-Fi 802.11n Bluetooth
UWB WiMAX
Security 802.1x RADIUS WPA & WPA2
Power over Ethernet
Definition & Need PoE Terminology & 802.3af Principles 802.3at
TSB 162
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Market Overview
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What Is Driving Development?
Vectors that will influence the marketplace: Evolving technologies (802.11n, UWB, WiMAX, 802.3at, VoIP, Security) Changes in User Requirements (need for speed, greater power) Major changes in the market place (greater mobility, multi-media
applications) Identified Customer Expectation (the Voice of the Customerwhat
problems are the Customers trying to solve?) e.g., CASE
The 3 Mediums:
Copper (Cat 5e, Cat 6, Cat 6a)
Fiber (multi-mode, single-mode)
Air (Wi-Fi, WiMAX, UWB)
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Market Assessment
According to Instat/MDR, enterprises spent $225 billion on2002; and by 2006, they will be spending more than $256
billion on information technology.
Improvements in the security, performance and reliabilityof wireless networking technology will lead to higher ratesof wireless adoption in Enterprise environments.
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Growth ofVoIP
05
1015
2025
05
4045
illion of Vo P
P one
2005 200 2007 200 200 2010 2011
VoIP T phon Ship nt -
So e: F
Con ltin
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Why Wireless? Wireless is one of the fastest growing segments in enterprise networks
Many companies are deploying wireless technology to compliment their
existing cable infrastructure
People now expect to have the ability to connect without wires
Sales have steadily increased for wireless technology as securityconcerns have been addressed and overcome
Companies are realizing the cost savings provided by wireless networks
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Enterprise Wireless Applications
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Industrial,Scientific,Medicine(ISM)
PersonalCommunicationServices (PCS)
Unlicensed NationalInformation Infrastructure(UNII)
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Wireless Standards Overview
802.11 Interface between a wireless client and a basestation, or between two wireless clients.
802.15 Wireless Personal Area Networks
802.16 - Interface for Fixed and Mobile BroadbandWireless Access Systems
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Bandwidth Capabilities
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IEEE 802.11 (Wi Fi)IEEE 802.11a-Ratified in 1999 for use in the 5GHz band-13 channels, 8 non-overlapping-Utilizes Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-Supported data rates 54,48,36,18,12,9,6-Maximum throughput ~24Mbps
IEEE 802.11g:
-Ratified in 2003 for use in the 2.4GHz band-11 channels, 3 channels non-overlapping-Utilizes Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-Backward compatible with 802.11b /DSSS (leastcommon denominator)-Supported data rates 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6 Mbps-Maximum throughput ~24Mbps
IEEE 802.11b:-Ratified in 1999 for use in the 2.4GHz band
-11 channels, 3 non-overlapping
-Utilizes Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
-Supported data rates 11, 5.5, 2, 1 Mbps
-Maximum throughput ~5.5Mbps
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Typical Wi Fi Layout
Image courtesy of LANPlanner
Red indicates thestrongest wireless
signal
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Distributed WAP Distance Limitations802 11a
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
82 115 131 148 164 180 216 230
t
b
s
802 11
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
66 82 115 141 164 18
233 262 305
t
b
s
802 11b
0
5
10
15
20
1
230 2
2 2
9
t
b
s
De loyment considerations:
-Wall thickness/materials
-# of users
-Bandwidth desired
-Typical applications used
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IEEE 802.11n (Next Generation Wi Fi) January 2006, IEEE 802.11n Task Group approved the EWCs
specification as the draft approval of 802.11n
March2
006, 802
.11n draft sent to first letter ballot
May 2006, IEEE 802.11 Working Group rejected Draft 1.0 of theproposed standard
Final approval of standard is not due until July 2007(likely to be 1st
quarter2008)
Mid 2008, most vendors will have 802.11n products available
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IEEE 802.11n Benefits Performance in physical layer to reach 300 Mbps
Could offer up to 600 Mbps with 4 antennas
Could hit as much as 75% throughput of its raw data rate
Range will increase over existing Wi-Fi networks
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Should You Buy Pre N? No Upgrade guarantee: There is significant risk that equipment
shipped today will contain chips and firmware that cannot be upgradedto provide full compatibility with the final standard.
Could Interfere With Other Networks: chipmakers and the IEEE taskgroup working on 802.11n havent agreed on their approach to mitigateinterference with existing legacy Wi-Fi networks. Test methods on welltest in real world environments or with other devices.
Problems: poor interoperability, security model problems andperformance
Will need gigabit network Prices will plummet: Airgo is waiting, Intel plans unknown, Atheros,
Broadcom and Marvell now producing silicon expect a drop
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IEEE 802.15 (Personal Area Networks) 802.15.1 Bluetooth
Provides a way to connect and exchange information between devices such
as PDAs, mobile phones, laptops, PCs, printers and digital cameras
802.15.3a UWB / Wireless USBUWB: A technology for transmitting information spread over a large
bandwidth that would be able to share spectrum with other users
Wireless USB: A short-ranged, high-bandwidth wireless extension to USBintended to combine the speed and security of wired technology with theease-of-use of wireless technology
802.15.4 ZigBeeA suite of high level communication protocols using small, low-power digitalradios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal areanetworks (WPANs)
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Bluetooth Designed for low power consumption & short range
Utilizes low cost transceiver microchips in each device
Applications:-Wireless communication between a cell phone and a hands free headset-Wireless communications with PC input and output devices (I.E. mouse, keyboardand printer)-Replacement of traditional wired serial communications in test equipment, GPSreceivers and medical equipment-Wireless control of a game console such as Sony's PlayStation 3
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Bluetooth 2.0 Backwards compatible with 1.x
Main enhancement is the introduction ofEnhanced Data Rate (EDR),up to 3.0 Mbps-3 times faster transmission speed (up to 10 times in certain cases)-Lower power consumption through a reduced duty cycle-Simplification of multi-link scenarios due to more available bandwidth-Improved BER (bit error rate) performance
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UWB Federal Communications Commission (FCC) authorized the unlicensed use
of UWB in the 3.110.6 GHz band (2002)
Scalable in performance: 110 Mbps @ 10m and 480 Mbps @ 2m
Ultra Wideband causes significantly less interference th
an conventionalnarrowband radio solutions (result of broader spectrum, lower power andpulsed data)
Primary advantages of UWB are high data rates, low cost, and low power
The major drawback of UWB is that under current FCC regulations, it is
limited to 10, or a few 10s of meters, depending on the desired data rate
Status:-IEEE 802.15.3a task group (TG3a) members decided to withdraw the January 2003 ProjectAuthorization Request (PAR) that initiated the development of high data rate UWB standards.(January 2006)-It was decided to allow the market to move forward with the commercialization of multipleUWB technologies
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UWB Primary Applications Home Entertainment Systems
Construct a home theater environment without any cables
Instantaneous Sync & File Transfer
Synchronize your mobile phone with other phones, your digital camera oryour PC
Synchronized MusicTransmit multiple Megabytes of MP3 audio simply by bringing your MP3player within range of your PC
DVR EverywhereTransfer digital media files recorded by your Personal Video Recorder (PVR)to your Personal Media Player (PMP)
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IEEE 802.16 WiMAX (Broadband) WiMAX improves upon many of the limitations of the Wi-Fi
standard by providing increased bandwidth, range and strongerencryption
Most interest will probably be in the 802.16d and .16e standards,since the lower frequencies suffer less from signal attenuation andtherefore give improved range and in-building penetration
802.16e (Mobile WiMAX)
-Allows for fixed wireless and mobile Non Line of Sight (NLOS)applications primarily by enhancing the Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (OFDMA)
-Approved in December2005
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WiMAX Typical Applications Connecting Wi-Fi hotspots with each other
Providing a wireless alternative to cable and DSL
Providing high-speed mobile data and telecommunicationsservices (wireless access for everyone)
There is potential for using WiMAX with legacy cellular networks
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WiMAX Current & Planned Deployments
Valtech Communications deployed network in Northwest Ohioat beginning of2006. Currently holds licenses for the Midwestand Florida.
Clearwire holds 2.5GHz licenses in several regions.
Sprint / Nextel holds licenses in the 2.5GHz band.
NextWave Wireless holds licenses in the 1.7GHz and 2.1GHz
band.
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Mesh Networking A way to route data, voice and instructions between nodes.
Allows for continuous connections and reconfiguration around
broken or blocked paths by "hopping" from node to node until thedestination is reached.
Allows inexpensive peer network nodes to supply back haulservices to other nodes in the same network.
The network can still operate even when a node breaks down or aconnection goes bad. I.E. self-healing.
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WiMAXWiMAXWiWi--FiFiUWBUWB
&&
BluetoothBluetooth
Wide AreaWide Area
NetworkNetwork
Metropolitan AreaMetropolitan Area
NetworkNetwork
Local AreaLocal AreaNetworkNetwork
Personal AreaPersonal AreaNetworkNetwork
Wireless Technologies Will Co Exist
The Result: Always Best ConnectedThe Result: Always Best Connected
RFIDRFID 3G3G
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802.1x An IEEE standard for port-based Network Access Control
Provides authentication to devices attached to a LAN port
Establishes a point-to-point connection and prevents access from thatport if authentication fails
Used for certain closed wireless access points and is based on EAP
(Extensible Authentication Protocol)
Image courtesy of Wikipedia
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RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial InUser Service)
An AAA (authentication, authorization and accounting) protocol forapplications such as network access or IP mobility.
RADIUS is a common authentication protocol utilized by the802.1x security standard (often used in wireless networks).
The DIAMETER protocol is the planned replacement for RADIUS.DIAMETER uses TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) whileRADIUS uses UDP (User Datagram Protocol) as the transport
layer.
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WPA & WPA2 A class of systems to secure wireless (Wi-Fi) computer networks.
Created in response to weaknesses researchers had found in the previous system,WEP.
WPA is designed to work with all wireless network interface cards, but notnecessarily with first generation wireless access points.
WPA2 implements the full (802.11i) standard, but will not work with some oldernetwork cards.
WPA is designed for use with an IEEE 802.1x authentication server, whichdistributes different keys to each user. However, it can also be used in a lesssecure "pre-shared key" (PSK) mode, where every user is given the same
passphrase. WPA2 certification is mandatory for all new devices wishing to be Wi Fi
certified.
WPA2 is also known as 802.11i
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PoE (Power Over Ethernet)
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What is Power over Ethernet? Transmitting safe and reliable power (15.4W, 48V) over existing Cat5/Cat5e/Cat6
cabling
Powers IP Phones, Wireless Access Points, security cameras, and variousnetworked devices
IEEE 802.3af standard approved in June 2003
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PoE Terminology
PD (Powered Device) = A terminal device which has beendesigned to receive power on the same cable as the data
PSE (Powered Sourcing Equipment) = Equipment
supplying power over the Ethernet infrastructure
Midspan = A patch-panel resembling device installedbetween the Ethernet switch and the PD
End-Span = Ethernet switches incorporating Power over
Ethernet technology
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The Need for PowerBusinesses rely on Networked Devices
IP Phones, computers, printers, fax machines, WAPs, etc (all needpower)
802.3at - will make more PDs available
In the past, this required two separate cabling sources
One to connect the network
One to connect power
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Power over Ethernet, End User Benefits
Single cable connection per IP telephone, WLAN Access Point, or Network
Camera saves $$$ and time
Eliminates bulky AC adapters simplifies installation
IEEE standards compliant technology safe and reliable
Low DC Voltage = safe power feeding
Will not damage non-PoE devices such as NICs and legacy peripherals
Extends UPS - continuous operation during power interruptions
Manageable network power control and monitor (managed systems)
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Why use a MidspanWhy use a Midspan?
Large installed base of Ethernet switches.
Keep the existing Ethernet infrastructure to save costs.
Easy to install without re-wiring the rack (doesnt affect testing).
Optimizes PoE port expenditure. Purchase the PoE ports you need. Optimal solution for low density applications.
Support the bottom-up approach of typical net installations
Start with small test installations (using existing data
infrastructure) before a large deployment
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IEEE 802.3af Basic Principles
Midspan supplies power on pairs 4/5 + 7/8
PD has to support power receiving on both Idle and Data pairs(Idle 4/5 + 7/8, Data 1/2 + 3/6)
PSE feeding voltage44
to57
Vdc
Maximum continuous current 350mA, Peak = 500mA for 100mS
PSE Average Output Power 15.4W, PD maximum power is 12.95W
Power detection and power feed shall operate on the same set of pairs
Resistive based line detection used to identifying 802.3af compliant PDs
Protection for high current, disconnect and more
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TransmitPair
ReceiverPair
PoE Box
Midspan Power
Pins 1/2
Pins 7/8
Pins 3/6
Pins 4/5Power
Power
No Connection
No Connection
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Data
PoE Box
1Gbps Midspan Power
Pins 1/2
Pins 7/8
Pins 3/6
Pins 4/5Power
Power
Transformer
Transformer
Data
Data
Data
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Leviton Midspans are plug & play
No switches oradjustments just plug
and play
Data port for connection to theSwitch and the Data&Power port
for connection to structured
wiring horizontal run
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IP Phones Cisco, 3Com, Avaya,Nortel, Mitel, Siemens, NEC, LG,Congruency, Ericsson, Alcatel,Ascom, Tenovis, Pingtel
WLAN Access Points 3Com,Agere, Proxim, Cisco, Compaq,AVAYA, Intermec, Apple, Elsa,Symbol, Enterasys, Nokia, Samsung,Coulubris
Bluetooth Access Points Red-M,Axis, Siemens, Bluesocket, Artem,
Tadlys, Access1, Commil
Lap top Computers- DSP Designcolour PC only 10 watts
PoE - Enabled Terminals
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IEEE 802.3at (PoE Plus) Most optimistic estimate for approval in early 2007
Support power delivery with 10M, 100M, 1G and perhaps even 10Gbpsdata delivery
802.3at should operate on CAT5 (24AWG) and thicker copperinfrastructure such as Cat.6 (23AWG) or Cat.6a (22 AWG), unlike802.3af, that had take into account the CAT3 limitations
802.3at should follow the power safety rules and limitations pertinent to802.3af
A 802.3at PSE must be backwards compatible with 802.3af, being ableto power both 802.3af and 802.3at PDs
802.3at should provide the maximum power to PDs as allowed withinpractical limits, at least 30W
802.3at PDs, when connected to a legacy 802.3af PSE, will provide the
user an indication that a 802.3at PSE is required.
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TSB 162
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T
SB 162 Summary Provides design and installation guidelines for cabling in a grid
layout Pre-configures buildings for wireless infrastructure by designating
wireless cells
TSB 162
focuses on new construction Cell size is determined by user requirements Note this does not result in less wiring
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Cell Design To appropriately design coverage, it is recommended that a
cell be in the shape of a square. The telecommunications outlet (TO) will be placed at the
center of this square, A patch cord will extending from it to the wireless access
point.
The maximum length of this patch cordis theradius of the circle The WAP can be place anywhere inside of the cell
TO
TO TO
TO
TR
Active Electronics
WAP
20ftMaxCord
LmaxCord
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Questions?