vKs;@15

lfPpnkuan ghjkuan okRL;k;u ^vKs;*(lu~ 1911&1987)

vKs; dk ewy uke lfPpnkuan ghjkuan okRL;k;u gSA mUgksausvKs; uke ls dkO;&jpuk dhA mudk tUe oqQ'khuxj (mÙkjizns'k) esa gqvk Fkk] ¯drq cpiu y[kuÅ] Jhuxj vkSj tEew esachrkA mudh izkjafHkd f'k{kk vaxzs”kh vkSj laLÑr esa gqbZA ¯gnh

mUgksaus ckn esa lh[khA os vkjaHk esa foKku osQ fo|kFkhZ FksA ch-,llh- djus osQ ckn mUgksaus ,e-,- vaxzs”kh esa izos'k fy;kA Økafrdkjh vkanksyu esa Hkkx ysus osQ dkj.k mUgsa viuk vè;;u chpesa gh NksM+uk iM+kA os pkj o"kZ tsy esa jgs rFkk nks o"kZ u”kjcanA

vKs; us ns'k&fons'k dh vusd ;k=kk,¡ dhaA mUgksaus dbZ ukSdfj;k¡ dha vkSj NksM+haA oqqQN le; rdos tksèkiqj fo'ofo|ky; esa izksI+ksQlj Hkh jgsA os ¯gnh osQ izfl¼ lekpkj lkIrkfgd fnueku osQlaLFkkid laiknd FksA oqQN fnuksa rd mUgksaus uoHkkjr VkbEl dk Hkh laiknu fd;kA blosQ vykokmUgksaus lSfud] fo'kky Hkkjr] izrhd] u;k izrhd vkfn vusd lkfgfR;d i=k&if=kdkvksa dklaiknu fd;kA vk”kknh osQ ckn dh ¯gnh dfork ij mudk O;kid izHkko gSA mUgksaus lIrd ijaijkdk lw=kikr djrs gq, rkj lIrd] nwljk lIrd] rhljk lIrd dk laiknu fd;kA izR;sd lIrd esalkr dfo;ksa dh dfork,¡ lax̀ghr gSa tks 'krkCnh osQ dbZ n'kdksa dh dkO;&psruk dks izdV djrh gSaA

vKs; us dfork osQ lkFk dgkuh] miU;kl] ;k=kk&o`Ùkkar] fucaèk] vkykspuk vkfn vusdlkfgfR;d foèkkvksa esa ys[ku dk;Z fd;k gSA 'ks[kjµ,d thouh] unh osQ }hi] vius&viusvtuch (miU;kl)] vjs ;k;koj jgsxk ;kn] ,d cw¡n lglk mNyh (;k=kk&o`Ùkkar)]f=k'kaoqQ] vkReus in (fucaèk)] foiFkxk] ijaijk] dksBjh dh ckr] 'kj.kkFkhZ] t;nksy vkSj;s rsjs izfr:i (dgkuh laxzg) izeq[k jpuk,¡ gSaA

vKs; izÑfr&izse vkSj ekuo&eu osQ var}±}ksa osQ dfo gSaA mudh dfork esa O;fDr dh Lora=krkdk vkxzg gS vkSj ckSf¼drk dk foLrkj HkhA mUgksaus 'kCnksa dks u;k vFkZ nsus dk iz;kl djrs gq,] ̄ gnhdkO;&Hkk"kk dk fodkl fd;k gSA mUgsa vusd iqjLdkj feys gSa] ftuesa lkfgR; vdkneh iqjLdkj]Hkkjr Hkkjrh lEeku vkSj Hkkjrh; KkuihB iqjLdkj izeq[k gSaA

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16@varjk

mudh eq[; dkO;&Ñfr;k¡ gSaµHkXunwr] ¯prk] gjh ?kkl ij {k.kHkj] baæèkuq jkSans gq, ;s]vk¡xu osQ ikj }kj] fdruh ukoksa esa fdruh ckj vkfnA vKs; dh laiw.kZ dforkvksa dk ladyulnkuhjk uke ls nks Hkkxksa esa izdkf'kr gqvk gSA

;g nhi vosQyk dfork esa vKs; ,sls nhi dh ckr djrs gSa tks Lusg Hkjk gS] xoZ HkjkgS] enekrk Hkh gS ¯drq vosQyk gSA vgadkj dk en gesa viuks ls vyx dj nsrk gSA dfodgrk gS fd bl vosQys nhi dks Hkh iafDr esa 'kkfey dj yksA iafDr esa 'kkfey djus lsml nhi dh egÙkk ,oa lkFkZdrk c<+ tk,xhA nhi lc oqQN gS] lkjs xq.k ,oa 'kfDr;k¡ mlesagSa] mldh O;fDrxr lÙkk Hkh de ugha gS fiQj Hkh iafDr dh rqyuk esa og ,d gS] ,dkdhgSA nhi dk iafDr ;k lewg esa foy; gh mldh rkdr dk] mldh lÙkk dk lkoZHkkSehdj.kgS] mlosQ y{; ,oa mís'; dk loZO;kihdj.k gSA Bhd ;gh fLFkfr euq"; dh Hkh gSA O;fDrlc oqQN gS] loZ'kfDreku gS] loZxq.klaiUu gS fiQj Hkh lekt esa mldk foy;] lekt osQlkFk mldh varjaxrk ls lekt e”kcwr gksxk] jk"Vª e”kcwr gksxkA bl dfork osQ ekè;e lsvKs; us O;fDrxr lÙkk dks lkekftd lÙkk osQ lkFk tksM+us ij cy fn;k gSA nhi dk iafDresa foy; O;f"V dk lef"V esa foy; gS vkSj vkRecksèk dk fo'ocksèk esa :ikarj.kA

eS us ns[kk ,d cw¡n dfork esa vKs; us leqnz ls vyx izrhr gksrh cw¡n dh {k.kHkaxqjrkdks O;k[;kf;r fd;k gSA ;g {k.kHkaxqjrk cw¡n dh gS] leqnz dh ughaA cw¡n {k.kHkj osQ fy, <yrslwjt dh vkx ls jax tkrh gSA {k.kHkj dk ;g n`'; ns[kdj dfo dks ,d nk'kZfud rRo Hkhnh[kus yx tkrk gSA fojkV osQ lEeq[k cw¡n dk leqnz ls vyx fn[kuk u'ojrk osQnkx ls] u"V gksus osQ cksèk ls eqfDr dk vglkl gSA bl dfork osQ ekè;e ls dfous thou esa {k.k osQ egÙo dks] {k.kHkaxqjrk dks izfr"Bkfir fd;k gSA

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vKs;@17

;g nhi vosQyk

;g nhi vosQyk Lusg HkjkgS xoZ Hkjk enekrk] ij bldks Hkh iafDr dks ns nksA

;g tu gSµxkrk xhr ftUgsa fiQj vkSj dkSu xk,xk\iuMqCckµ;s eksrh lPps fiQj dkSu Ñrh yk,xk\

;g lfeèkkµ,slh vkx gBhyk fcjyk lqyxk,xkA;g vf}rh;µ;g esjkµ;g eSa Lo;a folftZrµ;g nhi] vosQyk] Lusg HkjkgS xoZ Hkjk enekrk] ij bldks Hkh iafDr dks ns nksA

;g eèkq gSµLo;a dky dh ekSuk dk ;qx&lap;];g xksjlµthou&dkeèksuq dk ve`r&iwr i;];g vaoqQjµiQksM+ èkjk dks jfo dks rdrk fuHkZ;];g izÑr] Lo;aHkw] czã] v;qr% bldks Hkh 'kfDr dks ns nksA;g nhi] vosQyk] Lusg HkjkgS xoZ Hkjk enekrk] ij bldks Hkh iafDr dks ns nksA

;g og fo'okl] ugha tks viuh y?kqrk esa Hkh dk¡ik]og ihM+k] ftl dh xgjkbZ dks Lo;a mlh us ukik_oqQRlk] vieku] voKk osQ èkq¡èkqvkrs dM+qos re esa;g lnk&nzfor] fpj&tkx:d] vuqjDr&us=k]mYyac&ckgq] ;g fpj&v[kaM viukikAftKklq] izcq¼] lnk J¼ke;] bldks HkfDr dks ns nksµ;g nhi] vosQyk] Lusg HkjkgS xoZ Hkjk enekrk] ij bldks Hkh iafDr dks ns nksA

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18@varjk

eSaus ns[kk] ,d cw¡n

eSaus ns[kk,d cw¡n lglkmNyh lkxj osQ >kx ls_jax xbZ {k.kHkj<yrs lwjt dh vkx lsAeq> dks nh[k x;k%lwus fojkV~ osQ lEeq[kgj vkyksd&Nqvk viukiugS mUekspuu'ojrk osQ nkx ls!

iz'u&vH;kl

;g nhi vosQyk1- ^nhi vosQyk* osQ izrhdkFkZ dks Li"V djrs gq, ;g crkb, fd mls dfo us Lusg Hkjk] xoZ Hkjk

,oa enekrk D;ksa dgk gS\2- ;g nhi vosQyk gS ^ij bldks Hkh iafDr dks ns nks* osQ vkèkkj ij O;f"V dk lef"V esa foy;

D;ksa vkSj oSQls laHko gS\3- ^xhr* vkSj ^eksrh* dh lkFkZdrk fdlls tqM+h gS\4- ^;g vf}rh;µ;g esjkµ;g eSa Lo;a folftZr*µiafDr osQ vkèkkj ij O;f"V osQ lef"V esa

foltZu dh mi;ksfxrk crkb,A5- ^;g eèkq gS ------------ rdrk fuHkZ;*µiafDr;ksa osQ vkèkkj ij crkb, fd ^eèkq*] ^xksjl* vkSj

^vaoqQj* dh D;k fo'ks"krk gS\

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vKs;@19

6- Hkko&lkSan;Z Li"V dhft,µ(d) ^;g izÑr] Lo;aHkw ------------ 'kfDr dks ns nksA*([k) ^;g lnk&nzfor] fpj&tkx:d ------------ fpj&v[kaM viukikA*(x) ^ftKklq] izcq¼] lnk J¼ke;] bldks HkfDr dks ns nksA*

7- ^;g nhi vosQyk* ,d iz;ksxoknh dfork gSA bl dfork osQ vkèkkj ij ^y?kq ekuo* osQvfLrRo vkSj egÙo ij izdk'k Mkfy,A

eSa us ns[kk] ,d cw¡n1- ^lkxj* vkSj ^cw¡n* ls dfo dk D;k vk'k; gS\2- ^jax xbZ {k.kHkj] <yrs lwjt dh vkx ls*µiafDr osQ vkèkkj ij cw¡n osQ {k.kHkj jaxus dh

lkFkZdrk crkb,A3- ^lwus fojkV~ osQ lEeq[k ------------ nkx ls!*µ iafDr;ksa dk HkkokFkZ Li"V dhft,A4- ^{k.k osQ egÙo* dks mtkxj djrs gq, dfork dk ewy Hkko fyf[k,A

;ksX;rk&foLrkj1- vKs; dh dfork,¡ ̂ unh osQ }hi* o ̂ gjh ?kkl ij {k.kHkj* if<+, vkSj d{kk dh fHkfÙk if=kdk

ij yxkb,A2- ^ekuo vkSj lekt* fo"k; ij ifjppkZ dhft,A3- Hkkjrh; n'kZu esa ^lkxj* vkSj ^cw¡n* dk lanHkZ tkfu,A

'kCnkFkZ vkSj fVIi.kh

;g nhi vosQyk

Ñrh & HkkX;oku] oqQ'kyiuMqCck & xksrk[kksj] ,d tyi{kh tks ikuh esa Mwc&Mwcdj eNfy;k¡

idM+rk gSlfeèkk & ;K dh lkexzhfcjyk & cgqrksa esa ,dfol£tr & R;kxk gqvkxksjl & nwèk] nghfuHkZ; & Hk; jfgr] fuMjizÑr & izÑfr ls mRiUu] izÑfr osQ vuq:i] LokHkkfodLo;aHkw & czãk] Lo;a iSnk gqvkv;qr% & 10 g”kkj dh la[;k] vlac¼] i`Fkd

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20@varjk

ve`r&iwr&i; & ve`r :ih ifo=k nw/oqQRlk & ¯unk] ?k`.kkmYyac&ckgq & mBh gqbZ ck¡g okykekSuk & Vksdjk] fiVkjk

eSa us ns[kk ,d cw¡n

fojkV~ & cgqr cM+k] czãmUekspu & eqDr djuk] <hyk djuku'ojrk & uk'k'khyrk] feVuk

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