niSTORIC WASHINGTON.

riTK HTORT OF ITB C4ITTM BV TDK BRITISH.TBI BI.*rR>'SBrRflH RACKS.THH 3*CKING OFTHK CITT.CTRIOrH 1VINTS AND INC'I DINTS.

CHAPTER III.The general pacification of Europe which

Kave England a rest from the Napoleonic warsenabled lhat country to prosecute the waragainst America with redoubled vigor. Officialadvices were received of this pacification by thegovernment of the United States on the 26th ofJune, 1*14, and on the 1st of July a Cabinetmeeting was held; the increased power of theenemy and the probable dangers to be apprehendedtherefrom were considered, a id correspondingpreparations for defence were immediatelybegun.The capture and destruction of Washington

had alicady been determined upon by the Britishauthorities. Bear Admiral Sir GeorgeCockburn was the person selected to executethe design, and a tit person he was to do thework of burning and plundering. He hadalready given evidence of his brutality in histreatment or Napoleon while a captive and aprisoner in tils hands. His cruise ou the Chesapeakewas accordingly

A SKRIES of OI tkaoes.Els men were allowed the rein to every excess.Stealing chickens and pigs and such pstty

pllferings were the mildest of > heir achievements.They stopped and abused o.d and defencelessmet; tney drank and caroused Inchun be-; they plundered vaults and graveyardsfor jewelry. and ravished women m thepresence of their husbands and tai.hers.Cockturn had resided tn Washington for some

time previous to Its projected capture, disguisedas a spy, and bad made himself minutelyacquainted with all Its app- u u-ne- andmeans o: cefence and the views of t :ie officialsand public meu. so complete was his disguisethat when, utter the capture of tne city, hecalled on his former landlady sli j or Id not recognizeblm. On the morning of the 10»;b of August,W4. he c ame In from sea wit h a fleet oftwent v two sail and proceeded up the Chesapeake*to jcln the force previously st it loned atthe mouth ot the Patuxent. The whol< forcethen ascended that river, and on the mh weredisembarked at the old village ot Benedict,Eltuateu about forty miles souiaeast of Washington.The landing was effected without opposition.The land forces, under the command of Koss,

an Irishman, who had served in the Spanishv ara. Immediately began their imrch towards>"otilngliam. a small town on tne Patuxent,about rtf:e» n miles north of Benedict, oq the21 st. at noon, they reachtd lo ver Marlboro',wnere they halted, that Cockburn. Alio wasjnovlng up the river In boats, might comminlcatewith Koas. Tue army, supported byCjckl;um'sHottlla, then moved on to Nottingham,on approaching that place," says Cockburn,'a few shots were exchanged bat ween the Ie idlngboats and some of the enemy 's cavalry, outtbe appey lance of our army caused them to disappearwith precipitation."They remained at Nottingham the nigh*: of

the 2ist, auu the next morning took theChipel31111 road for I pper Marlboro', Barnev's il otillaof sevettecu boats, which wa3 lying near Mt»pleasant, was abandoned and tired on theapp< araxice of Cockburn . one vesselJailing into hls^hands. Barney hastened withiil^ seamen and marines to loin the mala armyunder winder. Koss arrived at Mariboro about2 o'clock on the 2-Jd and remained there unaiolesteduntil the same hour next day to rest andrefresh Ms troops. During these orderlyaad |lelsureiy proceedings of tbe British. indecision,confusl l and chaos prevailed among theAlflfmi l Orders were given and counter- !Biandt d; movements were made without aim orobject; there was no concerted plan or action:there was no common purpose: there was no .

presiding brain. The army at the Old Fieldswas a mere mob. (Jen. Wllkerson quotes rroman officcr present as lollows: -"Tbe e rap wasas opt.ii a'! nlghr as a raee rleld. and thi sailorsand mllllla were as merry as ai a fair; you ;might have heard the countersign fifty yardsoff when tbe sentry challenge!.' Mr. JohnLaw, an honored ciflz°n of Washington,referring to tbe order to retreat beforethf battle. said In bis statementb< fore the committee. "Although our march luthe retreat was extremely rapid, yet orders jwere occasionally glvt n to the captains or com-panles to hurry ud the men. The m itch, therefore,ilteraliy became a run of eight miles; andthe proprleiy of tnis rapid movement mav betested by the taet that, the main body or tbe 1enemy bivouacked that night on the Millwoodebtate, more than three miles distant trom theground we had left." What had General Winder been doing in the meantime? To answer ithis question we muat go back to t he AmericanSldt ot the history.

A> r.NPI.RASANT Cn^PTKH.Gee. Winder was placed in command or the

t roops assign; d for i he protection of Washington.On the loth ot July he was advised by theSecretary of War that the van of Admiral C03hrane'sileet had arrived in hynu ilaven bay,anl that two seventy-fours aui two frl^at-sbad passed Point Lockout. on the :;tu oi -JulyGen. Winder was authorised by tne Secretaryor \\ ar to call on Pennsylvania for h.e inousandmen. on Virginia for two thjustnd, onMaryland tor six thousand aad on the D.s'retof Columbia for two thousand. Way It wasthat tien. Winder railed to obey these o dersand neglected to collect the troops remans amystery to this day. The mist charitable constructionis taat the General found himself.asmany other men have.In a position for whimlie lacked every necessary qualify itloa.On the lsth or August iJenerai winder receivedadvlcesthat the enemy's fleet had enteredand was ascending the Patuxent in force. Othe next day.the 19th.the General repo^t°dthai he called for "the militia of the Dis ri.totColumbia, for West's and William's, aad theBaltimore brigades e»m and for five hundredmen each, from all the brigades on thewestern shore of Maryland, and tne countle3which border tne Potomac on the Virginia side,and for General Hangerford's corps from theNorthern Neck of Virginia.On the same day the Secretary or War ordered

Cxenerai Winder "to push his cavalry into theneighborhood of the enemy, if their movementsIndicated an attacs on Washington, for the 1purpose of driving off horses and cat'le and re- !moving all supplies of forage on their mute."And on the >.,d, the secretary advised t.eneral"W lnder that the Baltimore brigade would "oe atBiadenaburg on that day, and suggested a d i- jmom>tratlon by Barney's corps and other troops,on the right of Nottingham, which shouldmenace the enemies rear and hiscommunications with his shipping. Col. jTlighman and Captain Caldwell made a !feeble attempt to carry out the form?r or theseorders without results, and the latter 3ugc,es^ jtlon was entirely disregarded. On this sameday.the iiid.the enemy held a pos'tlon at anu inear Nottingham, his force estimated bv Col.

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Beall at four thousand and by roL Moaroe atsix thousand, but without cavalry and nearlydestitute of field artillery. A light corps wasnow organized, consisting of the :;«;ih and 3sthregiments of the line, two troops of dragoon-,and the companies or the District or Columbiamilitia. This corps was ordered to meet theenemy, while the main body took a positionabout one mile in advance of the wood-yard,and on the route which the enemy was expectedto move towards Washington.our cavalry advanced to meet the enemy who

bad now put themselves In motion but sojnfell back, whereupon the advanced corps of ourforces were ordered to fa" back ou the mainbody. But the ^nerny instead of taking thedirect route to Washington, turned about andinarched to I'pper Marlboro. To meer thismovement General winder rel! back with tbe ibatalllon to Old Fields. Here, on the m irniagof the 23d. the army was reviewed by the Prcsi- jdent and the Heads of the Departments an I ltseffective force was found to b-* throe thousand

bucdre<i men and seventeen pieces or artillery.a s»-cond order was now given to theJlght troops to advance and attack the enemy.AT THIS CRITICAL JCNCTVKK

treneral Winder was nowhere to be found!fortunately, however, the battle did not take iplace. Alter a few volleys at loag range, thelight troops returned to the main body or' thearmy, which remained In line or ba»'le till sunset when the general returr.-d and at once de-camped to Washington, and gained the EasternBrar cn bridge, as the committee of Coosrress

^ extremely rapid and prtclp,r?0rn!1}^" sa^ Mr. Williamj.dlott, in Lis interesting little volume,"brought iadvlcesthat the enemy who had uuie'ly re- 1

posed himself three miles distant rrom tne p>- isltlon. from which we had thus hastily escape xwas now In full march for Bladensburg Tn^ itontlneeney on which he was permitted or or-

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dendto attack the capital had arisen. Our !demonstrations had been those not of capacity Ibut ot folly; not or force but of weakness. Webad deserted and destroyed our own rlotlllifithuut We had left him undisturbedat every point, and at all times. We had nowshamefully abandoned to him all the approach >sto 'he capital by nujht, and had left him notaltgtofear,with regard to a communicationViiMs fleet. He, therefore, could no long Thesitate. He accordingly raised his camp earlyoil the wth. and by a forced march, withoutiu\airy and without artillery.excepting twotmall pieces and one howiuer. anl thiisanragged by seamen.presented himself by 12o clock on tae h>-ignis of Bladensburg. Thisplace had been left to the defence or o?m^tansbun '"d the last or stricKer's Bait'more1-rUaaes. These corps hai arrived tn"re Insuccebolon aad much wearied by their marchcn the tiA ana 23d. On the night of thelatter, coL Monroe reached this corps fromden. winder's camp at the old Fields, and ad>la* d stansbury to take the western route toMarlboro, and throw himself on the rear of theenemy. Gen. Winder had ordered Stansbury tostand fast at Bladensburg, and to defend thatrevenue to the city. Monroe did what he couldto throw it open by advising a circuitous march£iLd night attack on the enemy's rear, withoutconsent of the commanding general or without'ven knowing where the enemy was: Yet thisgentleman has escaped public censuret Butfctansbury kept ma position, obeying the order

lie had received from Gen. winder. until hsi'logthat the main army had retired to the Bast*:rn Branch bridge, leaving his corps u lcoverad,he retreated towards the city. Aaoth1?* andrositlve order carried him back to the neighborhoodof Bladensburg. where Winder, pushlnzforward Smith's brigade, but leaving B irney'sand Minor's corps.the one at the navy ya-dand the other at the capltol.arrived to time tofight a battle on dispositions not made bv himself,but by Siansbury and Smith and their asslst'inta.Colonels Monroe aad Mr. F. SKey. Of these dispositions we will 'saynothing, as the gentlem°n to whomthey have been principally Imputed.stans-bury and Monroe-were both ashamed ofthem; and the enemy despised them too much 1to employ any iiuineitvrrinj agalust them. 1They even threw themselves forward In ooenorder, advanced singly, passed the brllg andthe creek, and gained both Hanks of our ad7j*?£ed^P9- The general now ordered thisto be supported: but nls own words can best describewhat followed: "Our advanced rllle.men -I'lnkney'scorps-says the general, -m>wbegan to Are, ?nd continued It for half a dozenrounds, when 1 observed them to ruu back toan orchard. They halted there and seemed fora moment about returning to their original position,but in a few momenta entirely broke andretired to the left of stansbury's line. The advancedartillery Immediately followed the rlrl^men.aud retired on the left of the llfth ButltTsustalJj'thf1mWhlCl1 hJki P'Hl1 d rorsrdr<lThe nr.-.t three or four rockets fired by the

enemy being much above the heads or S:,ansburys line, they stood thim very manfully; butthe rockets having taki'n a more hori^ tn'ulu'it t ^lve?aL ot 'he center and"ft of s_ansburys brigade was the conse*1 lie 5lil regiment and the artll^rvstill remained, and I hoped would prevent"i® en,iI? v s approach, but tliey icae eoe.ay)advanced singly; therefore atiuoyed the 5thconsiderably' when I ordered it io retlr- tor thepurjiose of putting it out of the roxch of theenemy, i lit- order was. howeve". lmtnedlafelvoountenaauded, from an aversion to re'trebefore the necessity became stronger, and fromahope thaj i he enemy would Issue in a bodv andenable us to act upon him on terms of e<iu illtv "

!*>o far <! neril Winder; whereupon Mr Ediortremarks: "This narrative has no pYraUei larhia^i »WI 5 Tbe general, aejordin-' ton3'n,"?htoraeVe(lt,lc retreat, to put ;he corpsout of the reach of the enemy; which no daub'

e kept tbem out of harm's way. outhe counter,mande d this order from an aversion

? hone UtWi3 nece3sar>\ and froma nope that the enemy, instead ofadvancing singly and popping at himI)1* «NViar ,woul(1 come out

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la a bodyk V I00 W1Ual terifl3: th it

u'^ii f P" a3 hirge a mark as he did.the!- Inn ntUi 'e ViP Scacrai In this particular.rtSnwJil £ 90 «>"ie out, and began todeploy on his leic. When, instead or acceptingthe equal terms ror which ho hid panted heagain ordered a general retreat, which bocamja light of total and absolute disorder!" Gen,rn pr,0lLTed3 10 aa-v' "But lis lire beginning

h4 ,!l s corps.the lltch regiment-sttawounding several of them, and a strongf.c, J passing up the road and deploy ing ouits left, l ordered th<>m to retire: their retread

became a llight of total aad absolute disorder. '

THD SKEDADDLE.Beali's regiment was posted on a height to

the right or the road, which commanded thewhole ground occupied by stansbury's brigade.The story oi this regiment is soon told, it " iveone or two Ineffectual tires ani it-d! i'uH

completes the fort unes au J t be fate orthe front line, which could not bo rallied and^JJ^^lspiayedaU It, activity la mating itsSo far the account is taken from the re nor r, of

General \\ inder himself. The second line wasnot under the observation of the mn»r ii andwe must look elsewhere for an account of its

v.second line was composed of

' J11'1 f brigade, the 3GLh regular regimentone battalion oi ihe;i*:h, a detachment of the.sth, Barney's corps of seam.rn and mtrln-3and the whole of our cavalry.

KAR.VSV'S FIGHT.V. e be»!n with the letter of Commodore Barney."Wecameup,'-says thecommodjre, '-with

a trot. We took our position on the risingground between smith's militia aad Beali's.posud our marines and seamen, and waited theapproach of the enemy. During this periodthe engagement continued, the eueiny advancingand our army retreating, apparently inmuc,i disorder. At length the enemy m ide hisfWaranee before us aad halte-d. After a fewminutes I ordered our eighteen pounder to tl<-eponhlin. which completely cleared the Dida second and third attempt or the suae kindjure made to come forward, bu ali weredeteatfdihey then crossed over into an openheld, and attempted to hank us. There he was1LJ T w,'lve Plunders, the marines and

^ameu acting as infantry, aud was again total1}cat up. By this time not a veslage ot theAmerican army remained, except a bodv of rive

on a height on mv rlirlu, aadirom whlcn i expected great support. Tne enemycow pushed up their sharp-shooters aad b*gua to ou ; aak us on our right, uur guas werethat way, when he pushei up the hia toward

i? corps statloaed above des?rlo 4(i^ho, to my great mortification, made no res'^tance, giving a fir > or two, and reilrcd. frndfair

,no lLl r^r. ^ad no meins of d£j nee, I ordered my men to retire." General

dl3Pcrslon of the front l necaused a dangerous opening on our le:t. of wh chhe enemy »»., avalhng himself, wnen I orderedtoL Brent, with the second regiment, to tase aposition slid more to our left, and he was preparingto execute this order when orders earneirom General Winder for who1'- of thptroops to retreat.*' This is the story ofthe battle of Biadensbarg, a battle it. which theAmerican forces, numb^riug s nvj men wirhproportionate cavalry and artlllerv, were defeatedby t he linh' brigade without cavalry andWith onl> ^arce ^mall field pieces, ani consljfngof not more than 1,500 man, all told!

TUB I.0SSK3 ON BOTH SIDKS.The British loss was put down in Hoss' ofliclal

dispatch at 50 men killed and 135 wounded; butit was certainly much more. The Americanloss was 26 killed and .»l woanded.That criminal negligence and lnefllclency eXJb,«,,S0,niewliert'Js^J^nd all question. The

^"^humiliating circumstances orthe battle or Bladensburg and the still moredlsgrat eiul result of the capture of Washingtoncouia have been prevented by the most ordinaryprudence and firmness. But where is the censureto fall: \\ inciter was wliltewashed by the court oiinquiry arid it would have never done to havela'd any of the blame of this folly on the distinguishedstatesmen who were aspirin'' to thehigh otfice of the Presidency. So th* poor soldierswere rm.de the scape-goats, aud all the

wa? P*cke(i on on their sn> alders.Without doubt, says CoL Armstrong, or the

investigating committee, "the determiningcause of our disasters is to be found lu that loveof life which in many of the corps predominatedoveralovtur country and of honor".In otherwords, the disasters of the day were due to thecowardice of the troops. The Washington andGeorgetown levies have been most uniustly asfcaiied.They were the tlrst troops that met theenemy under the command of Major Peter, anexperienced, abie oilicer, and It was from MajorPeier o battery tha' the last shot was hrei. illscommand consisted of the artillery, stull's and I

foml^ny c^T?.nleiiand Caldwell, with |T11E K.STIKK- 1'OKc'K OF THB DISTRICT TKDOI'3

consisted of one regiment from Washingtoncommanded by CoL Magruder, and one fromv-ewgetown. commanded by Col. Wm. Brent.The brigade was commanded by col. Walter" P°,. Vv0 Georgetown. Including two companiesOi light artillery, each having six six-poundersand commanded, resjiectlvely, oy Major Goor >el'eter and ( apt. Benjamin B irch, a veteranrevolutionary soldier, it Included two companiesunder Captains Doughty and Stall, rlileSf.n'.armr'd WIfh common muskets. Capt.tull s company af tirst peremptorily refused toniarch until furnished with their proper arms.ihtoe troops coktalned many of the bast cltlzessof the District. They marched oat acrossthe Ei«tern l»"anch bridge oa the 2'»th of Augustand numbered I.oto men.

MR, BDWaRD SIMMS,an octogenarian now living lu the city andhale In body and in mind, writes as follows In1 cember, wi»: "The militia of the District

and 1 foun(1 myself ln August amember of a company commanded bv CintitnJohns. The transit ion from a farpenter^W asoldier was so sudden that I did not realize thtchange uutll my company was marchel to theever-to be-remembered, though not narri-ularly glorious, battle ground at Blal»(./h Vr /^ battle on the itith of August isu w n nrf >

about the incidents of wlilcu the cittoen^outtof that duy who were emra4r"d in thn nirh?been very sensitive, and m the generafSnwtn®liignesa to have them referred uJ i for a

"e- P^'c'P^ed. But. upon a'K of

SETS. 1 the°

n'unffs«swere staggering under Its terrible executtoaand 1 felt certain, and do now, that three orfour volleys rrom our line would have brought 1them to a dead halt. That opinion prevailthroughout the whole body, and when th2Order to retreat was given, and passed aloaithe line, the men looked at each other ln astoa?i^hment, evidently believing that It must be amistake; and when the order wa3 repeatedmurmurs were heard on all sides. Ketreat for*bQa,V was the (lueatlon I heard all around ma.

abandon our homes, aud the capitalc.oun"T. to the enemy, without a

r ^ v [pr fjs defence? And for some moin(ll3re»ar<led- It was rew^hSto obey.

unmistakable terms, and

DanVe £,isc1Plln^d soldiers are liable toP A? when commanded by Incapable eeneral52SJoi'Sa£l2£wgMer"i«SffiSEiS?SSoatue of Bladensburg was lncaoablo has neverbeen aucceaatuiiy denied; but wwSt repSE

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with Indignation the charge »hat we were dendentui personal courage, candor compels me oconre* s i bat when our Dacks were turned uponthe British, and the retreat had fairly beguu,we did some of the tallest kind of running, andkept it up until we reached the city. Somecontinued on to Montgomery county, and a fewof tne moat active, it was maliciously reported,did not stop until they reached the Alleghanymountains.*

A CHARCOAL SKETCH.The following lines were found, written with

charcoal on the four mile-stone leading to Bladensburg,near to the place where commodoreBarney made his gallant defence:[The point 1n the direction where the men

fought or tied.]t&~ Here fought commodore Barney,So nobly and so gallantly;Against Britain's sons and slavery.For a fighting man was he.

There did General Winder flee,Ills Infantry and cavalry.Disgracing the cause of liberty,For a writing man was he!

THE BRITISH IN WASHINGTON.What was left of the army under General

Winder made no halt in Waauington, but continuedthe retreat under his or ier across R>ck< 'reek and behind Georgeto wn. On the night ofthe 24th, the British camped on Capitol IIill.The next day Cockburn spent in riding roundthe city on a mare, foliowv*d br her colt, andsuperintending the wurk of tiring: the publicbuildings. Mr. Gales, one of the editors of theA'otUmat Iiitelligrnw, was an Englishman bybirth, and this circumstance, wiiij nls loyaltyto bl3 adopted count ry, aroused the wrath ofcockburn. So he gr at! fled himself by destroyingthe presses, type, furnit ure and fixtures oft he office and throwing ihem out ot the windows,and In burning the library. Among theprivate houses burned was the house of Mr.Robert Sewali; the houses built by GeneralWashing!on on Capitol illll; D.iulel Carroll'slarge hotel, and Mr. Frost's house on CapitolIllll, and the rope walks of Tench Ringgold,Heath & Co., and John Chalmers.Assisted by negroes they plundered the housesof Mr. A. Mccormick, Mr. D. Rapine and Mr.W. Elliot. They abo defaced the monumentwhich stood west of the Capitol, erected tocommemorate the heroes who fell in the warwith Tripoli. They burned down tne SeniteHouse and the House of the Representatives,the President's House, the War and Treasurydepartments, and the Post OQloe. The PatentOffice alone escaped destruction, through theintercession or Mr. Win, F. Thornton, an EagIlshmanby birth and superintendent of paints,who by the way seems to have found morefavor In Cockburn's eyes than his brother EnglishmanGales. Tne Horary of Congress wasdestroyed in the conflagration. The destructionof the workshops at the navyyard, the public stores, Fort Washingtonand a sloop of war was justifiableunder the laws or war. The destructionof the public buildings was an act wortUyonij of barbarians, but was .sanctioned bv theBritish government. The estimated value ofproperty destroyed wa3 over one million or dollars.The British boasted that a collation hidbeen spread at the President's house to entertainthe victorious Americans returning fromthe battle, and that the President and his peopledecamped so precipitately that they left theviands on the table and wine in the coolers.It is a fact that President Madison, Mr. Jones,Secretary of the Navy: Gen. Mason, of AnalostanIslat.d; Charles Carroll, or Bellevue; TenchRinggold and Benjamin Rush had crossed thePotomac to the Virginia side, whence they wltnesssdthe grand spectacle of the confl igration:bat the story of the British eating the bawpietwhich these gentlemen were to grace is a 1 exaggeration.They round some cold victuals fortae servants.The following anecdote will serve to show the

complete subjugation of the city:.The flrstbody or the enemy that entered Washingtonwas 20!» men. These retired to their camp thatnight two miles distant, and a sentry who hadbeen posted oa Capitol hill, near the inteltigmi tr office, was, through accident, not relieved,and had to remain. He held undisturbed possessionor the city until next morning. TheBritish silently and stealthily evacuated thecity on the evening or the 26th, and reachedtheir shipping in safety.

A GRAPHIC DESCRIPTION.The following from Mr. Slmms, the gentlemanbefore alluded to, is a graphic description:

" With several of my comrades I remained inthe city all night, hiding lu the woods, north ofthe President's house, and we witnessed fromour place of concealment, with powerless indignation,the vandalism which the enemy wa3enacting in the city. The President's housewas fired, and. almost simultaneously, the navyyard, the Capitol and all the other public balldirgs,with the exception of the Patent Office.The glare from the burning buildings lightedup nearly the whole expanse of the city, and,rearing the light would penetrate our nldingplace, we laid on the ground, face downward,in which unoomtortabie position we remaineduntil near the next morning.While v»e were looking with sad feeling uponwhat we apprehended was the forer inner ofthe de-itrueHon or the whoie city, ourattentionAit.-, arrested by the explosion 01 piwder at tliearsenal, which shook the ground upon whichwe were lying, and turning our eyes In tlie directionor the sound, we beheld the mo3t awfiland jet the most brilliant spectacle which theimagination can conceive. The heavens wereilii-d witn living lire, while the kegs of powderwhich had been thrown out o' the well by tneexplosion or the loose powder at the depotwhich had been with the kegs hast 11 v throwntntolt, upon the evacuation of the post, andwhich the British had not discovered and etrelesslyignited, as ttiey reached an altltule oftvo or three huadred feet, exploded with aconcussion t hat f.eemed loud enough to vibratethrough the whole state of Maryland. Weremained for hours motionless and almostbreathless under the influence of the scene butknowing if we were caugnt having arms In ourhands we would be held as prisoners of war.As the dawn was beginning to appear we got upand gliding silently through tae woodson KaloramaHeights, passed through Georgetown toTennallytown, w tiere we were joined by severalmembers of our company, and. proceeding on toRockvllle, were again united with our command.We remained at Rockvllle about tendays, waiting orders, and while there our captainwas relieved from duty, and we electedcaptain Moulton to rill the vacancy. We receivedorders to march to Baltimore early InSeptember, and upon reaching Ellicott's Millswe heard the news or the battle or North Pointand the repulse of the British. Then we wereordered back to Washington and encamped onthe hill now occupied by the National Observatory,where we remained until late in the falland then were discharged from service, andthus ended my active military lite.Whatever taunts and jeers have heretoforebeen leveled at the citizen soldiers at the battle

or Bladensburg, they are now silenced by theaction of Congress, which, after sixty years ofinjustice, has recognized their services bygranting pensions to the suivlvors. I receivemine every three months, and just In time formaiket money."

Ilifttor)- of Zero."Zero" on the common thermometer, like thefanciful names of the constellations,is a curiousinstance of the way wise men's errors are madeimmortal by becoming popular. It may beworth while to say that the word Itself (zero)comes to us through the Spanish from theArabic, and means empty, hence nothing, inexpressions Me "90 degrees Fahr." the abbreviation,Fahr. stands ror Fahrenheit, a Prussianmerchant of Dantzic, on the Beltlcsea.ills full name was Gabriel Fahrenheit.From a boy he was a close observer of nature,ai d when only nineteen years old, in the remarkablecold winter or 1709, he experimentedby putting snow and salt together and noticedmat it produced a degree of cold equal to thecoldest day of the year. And that day was thecoldest, day that the oldest inhabitant couldremember. Gabriel wa3 the more struck w'ththe coincidence of his little soientlile discoveryand hastily concluded that he had found the

iowest degree of temperature known in theworld, either natural or artificial. He called thedegree zero, and constructed a thermometer, orrurle weather glass, with a scale graduating upfrom zero to boiling point, which he numbered112, and the freezing point thlrtj'-two.because,as he thought, mercury contracted the thirtysecondof Its volume on being cooled down fromthe temperature of freezing water to zero: andexpended isoth on being heated from the freezingto the boiling point.Time showed that this arrangement, instead

of being truly selentitle, was as arbitrary aa thedivision or the Bible into verses and chapters,and that these two points no more representedthe real extremes of temperature than "fromnan to Beersheeba" expressed the exact extremesof Palestine.But Fahrenheit's thermometer had been widelyadopted with Its inconvenient scale; Andnone thought of any better until his name becamean authority, for Fahrenheit Anally abandonedtrade and gave himself up to scienceThe three countries which use Fahrenheitare England, Holland and America. Russiaand Germany use Reaumur's thermometer inwhich the boiling point is counted so degreesabove the freezing point. France uses thecentigrade thermometer, so called because it«arks the boiling point loo degrees from freezgpoint. On many accounts the centigradesystem is the best, and the triumph of conveniencewill be attained when zero is madethe freezing point, and when the tolling pointUui.1?5.or 1,000 degrees from It, and all thesubdivisions are fixed decimally.. ^brenhelt had done this at flrat, or evenir he had made it one of his many Improvementsarter the public adopted his error, the luck of

o£P° i1? which was really his, would haveil^ Invention tha patronage of theworld.

n,I'INCHINO Frrvkntkd .The colored man<*h, accused of the murder of young HenryW ililams, near Ludlow, Ky., Is In Covington»a crowd from Ludlow attemptedout ana tfaeh him, but the sheriffcollected a posse and prevented them from enteringthe jaiL

LETTERS FitOTV THE PEOPLE.

Need far a Fint-CIaM Theater*savor Star:.Your esteemed paper a few

days ago contained these words:."There Is nomore delightful amusement than a good playwell acted. It stimulates both the intellectualand emotional nature: it excites the fancy, enlivensthe imagination, stirs the sympathies,^ratifies the love of humor and tbe sense ofbeauty, and enlarges tlie Ideas of lire." Sofully am I convinced of the truth of this assertionthat I would consider the existence of afirst-class theater and opera in tbls city as aboon and blessing t»the community, is it notabout time, Mr. Editor, that we should havesuch a theater, and cannot ways and m-Mns befound to erect a temple to the Muses, worthy ofthe national capital? There are many peoplewho chink such an establishment would notpay here, but there are more who believe thatit. would pay and that it would stimulate theater-goingto a remarkable degree. A large classof residents, among them, for instance, the diplomaticcorps, but rarely visit our so-calledi heaters, simply because they are accustomedto more elegant surroundings, a superiori nwmble and nner scenery. Give the Washingtonpublic a good play or opera, well performedin an elegant bidding, and see whether'hey will not patronize th« stage!The puritanical notion th.it all public amusementsare frivolous and sinful has had, or atleast ought to have had Its day. Ou tae continentof Europe, tht^e no -v seems to be a rt v airyamong cities as to which can erect the tloesttheater. Paris and Vienna take the lead, but atthis moment Rome Is building the -'Th-aterCostanzl," a grand structure, which will belarge enough to hold Ave thousand people.When the municipality ot Frankfort opened itsmagnificent new opera house a few weeks ago,the Emperor of Germany and his family did notconsider it beneath their dignity to come on torthe purpose of adding by uieir presence to thegeneral rejoicing.Will you not, Mr. Editor, lend your va'.u.il)'3

aid and furtner agitate this matter?EtTKIlUOKS.

Sporting; l.ife.[N. Y. Sua.]

.Mr. Mackey, the California millionaire, isready to match bis two year-old Ally Sweetiieartaga«nst ex-Governor Stanford's two-yearoldcolt Fred Crocker, for $10,00*) a side.Mr. Leonard Jerome, uuder the managementol the skillful trainer. Mr. Lee Paul. Is getting

a large and strong stable of race hordes togetherat Jerome Park for nest year's contests.Turf sports are reviving in South Carolina,

scores of first-class race horses met In Charlestonat the meeting which opened 00 DecemberSeveral New York and Brooklyn turftmen,

among them Philip Divyer, were presentMr.n. S. Bloodgood. of Providence, offers tomatch little Nat or Smut against either Gladstonecr Sensation, St parateiy or as a brace, tobunt quail for two consecutive days, from day!lght until dark, on Robin's Island, for $1,000, ora piece of plate of that value.Mr. John Splan. on the pan or Wedgewood,has declared bis readiness to go Into a greatsweepstakes, free tor ail stallions, or $2,00*1 oreach, to be trotted tor next season. As

there are several rattling stallions no*- in training,John will no doubt De accommodated.William Gale, of Cardiff, Wales, who has

walked l,uoo quarter mites In as m my quarterhours. Is now on a journey of 2 so.) miles in1hours, walking a mile and a half at. thebeginning of each half hour. This performance:s taking place in the open air, near London.Barrett, one of the most promising sons ofBonnie Scotland, ban been stmt to England. It

is to be hoped that he will prove an exceptionto the many great horses tnat have beenwrecked on and alter croaslng the oceaa, suchas Falsetto, Lord Murphy, Spendthrift, SlyDance, Mistake, and otners.Kobert \\ atson Boyd of MIddlesborougli, probtb<> the best of the English oarsmen, whoma.de a failure when be rowed In this countryis said to be anxious to meet ilanlan. He mast

have plucked up his spirits daring the last threewteks, as he did not even take part In the internationalregatta for the American prizes, llarvianoffers to row Boyd a fortnight after hismatch with Laycock, for a side, so thatnobody can complain of not having had achance to defeat tbe champion."Whistler and Bibby, and then Muldoon andWhistler, are to writhe in the tiresome contortionscalled Gneco-lioman wrestling about holidaytimes, it haid.y seems posaiole that theold sport-loving ana biood-letting Greeks andItomans were patient enough to sit six hourslooking at two well-matched athletes In theirvain attempts to toss each other by grasping1perspiring necks, arm.-,, shoulders, backs andbreasts, fcome modern changes should be inacteIn ihe rules that would insure something betidesa draw in half a night's work. Taesedraws are becoming decidedly monotonous.One of the most unsatisfactory and thanklesspositions In this world s to act s'sjud^'naheld trial of dogs. Pious Jeems and Dr. Youn*

came all the way from Mississippi to judge th"dogs on Robin's Island. "Gentlemen," saidPious Jeems, when the dogs were first sentluto the held, "we are strangers to all of you; Ld your dog3, so there is one thing you can1 est assured of, and that Is that the best dogswill get the prizes.'' This made each man witna deg in the lists happy, for he felt that thejudges must see that his dog wa3 the best.W hen the trials ended forty-five men out of tnefifty swore that southern sportsmen were notthe men to judge eastern dogs.

Billiard experts are confining their skill topractice games at present. Edward McLau 'hiin,oneofthe youngest of Philadelphia's players,did the last fine work in public, winningthe championship of the Keystone state fromNeims, Estephe, Dodda, Bullock and Hunter, ina tournament in Philadelphia, which closed December4. Jacob Shaefer declares that tne presentchampion'sgame is too short. He is eager foranother chance at Champion Slosson. Thechampion expresses a willingness to meet Jacobon his return from France tor a restricted railmatch at $2,500 a side. The postponement ofthe match between Ylnaux and Slosson to December20 has disappointed the billiard menhere. The match is 3,000 points, to be playedin five nights, 600 points each game. Play wasto have begun on the evening of December 7. inthe dining room of the Grand Hotel, after dinner.Slosson is reported to have made a runverging on 1,000 points in a recent practicegame.The wordy war which carver and Bogardusused to wage on this side of the ocean will perhapsbe transferred to the other, as the doctorhas challenged the captain to a match, nearLondon, at a hundred pigeons, for $2,500 a ald<*and the championship of the world. The medicalman used to be thought the better at theniie, and the military man at the shotgun butthey found extreme difficulty in comin^ togetherin a match. A challenge would be metby a counter challenge, not to shoot thatmatch, but another and much better matchconsisting of about fifteen sections; this againwould be met by a replication proposing toshoot with one hand, or blindfolded, or onhorseback, or in some other extraordinary waythenCarver would suggest shooting at glassballs with rules, and Bogardus would proposeamatch with "my boj-Eigeue." Whether thenew transatlantic negotiations will go on inthis familiar way to an end as fruitless remains,ft°.^9eeQ- At all events, it is noticeable that1 is proposed to settle the championship of theworld at pigeon shooting in Eugland betweentwo foreigners, just as the championship atsculling is rowed there between foreigners,

ri ^,VoCr f, members hearing of the mystewliichCourtney was to bringout for the defeat of Ilanlan on the Potomact which he concluded to forego. Thevrll iL°h H scullers to competewl.h the be3t Canadians. Australians and,catiS^ ln Uke manner l6li ttiem t0 de_vices for making up by gas, windfalls aud othercontrivances the required dltlerence of skill lnlowing. Hosmer experimented with one ofKn.va?ces' a wlrUati11 on the forepartof his boat, in his race with Laycock, and alsoin a later race; but it was Ilanlan's onlnlonthat 11 cost him four lengths, a Newcastleman named Marks has a device somewhat morepromising. He introduces bags of hydrogen

gas fore and aft in the shells, ln the emptyspaces ordinarily covered with canvas. Thishe holds, will make them more buoyant. Elliotthas rowed one of these gasbag boats lnfast time; possibly Boyd may be thlnkln^about one, ln talking of rowing aga'ust Han'an°The instinct of lovers of square matches Is generallyagainst mechanical devices of which onlyone side takes advantage, still, whenever suchthings are mooted, the oarsmen from the Americanside of the ocean are likely to get all thevaluable points about them as soon as any

tody.Boston has just organized a new cricket club,to be known by the name of the city. Philadelphia'sclub prizes for the past season have

been substantially settled, though the officialpresentations may not have occurred. TneYoung America, long the champion club of theI'nlttd States and Canada, takes the Halifaxcup, originally won by Philadelphia ln 1S76from AU Canada and from the British officersof Halifax and Bermuda, and now employed tosignalize the status of the local clubs, as thereis no prospect of Its ever being recovered byi he British and Canadian Dlayers. The otherleading clubs followed ln this order: Merlon.Glrard, Germantown. Chestnut H11L and Belmont-The batting prize goes to Robert &Newhall. usually considered the best batsmanof America, with T. llargrave of the Glrard sscond, and Sutherland Law of the Merlon thirdIt had been supposed by many that Law wouldtake the bowling prize, judging trom his remarkableexecution against visiting clubs- butanother Merlon bowler, W. C. Lowry, surpassedhim ln the local matches, thus taking thebowling prize, with R Hargrave of the Glrardsecond, II. W. Brown of the Germantownthird, Law fourth, and D. S. and C. A. Newhallfifth and sixth. Of twenty games which thesesix Philadelphia clubs played with the bestclubs of Canada, New York and Baltimore.theywon seventeen, drew one, and lost two. oneof the noteworthy individual performances wasR. 8. Newhall's score of 120 against Torontoanother,g. s. Newhall's iso, not out, againstBaltimore. ' 4

RELIGIOUS NOTJES. |.The Rev. Mr. Dobson of Muncie. In<L. was

a I'nlvetsalUt. but now says that Unlversallsm j18 only a pretext for atheism, and that li islacking in Christianity. Therefore he leaveshis old faith and becomes a Congregationalism.An exchange complains that the Associated

Press telegraphs slang when It says a certainj thief "skipped out." There is no slang aboutt that. Take your Bible, if it has the ApocryphaIn it, and turn to Exle-dastlcus, 36th chapter26th verse. It reads, "Wtio will tni3t a thief,well appointed, that aklppeth from city tocity?".A conference on the Sunday question held

recently in Edinburgh took rather gloomyviews of the subject, a London secretary re1ferred to the alarming growth of the influenceof the Sunday Society and the Increasing favorwith which propositions to open museums andpicture galleries were received both In Englandand Scotland.. Mr. Gough, in a late lecture, took occasion

to discountenance the practice now greatly invogue of giving out notices of entertainments,etc., from the pulpit, the holding of dramaticperformances In church parlors, and ih" omittingof prayer meetings in ord-T that theyshould not interfere wltu the attendance at acertain play to be presented at th" ih.;itre.. The Episcopalians of St. Louis are fully

committed to the theatre. Their churchesclubbed together lately, htred a theatre ror aweek, paid the manager the salary or the pi ivers.selecting of course, a moral plaF, srirr<_-dup their friends to patron'z? the play. and vthe close turned ovprthe protita to the localcharity forthesake of whica this new dsparturewas made.. The EarL of Shaftesbury recently rem irk id

that the religious horizon wasai-k, aul tneu'shearts and rnlnds were so little suite 1 to theexigencies of the timasth« he bosgmtj feirthe final close of the established ohur u vasnear at hand. The great daager to t!i!couatry lay. not In the activity of tho,e opposed to reljglon generally, but to the vastindifference and apathy shown by the greatmasses of the people.. Cyrus il. MoCormlck has given another

$100,000 to the northwestern Taeologlcal seminary.and In a few days this money will biplaced in the hands of the treasurer. Tim willplace the seminary in a position to offer astrong Inducement to Processor Fattoa to remain,as they can offer him a chair similar tothat which he goes to till at Princeton, lie hasfully decided, however, to leave Chicago andall efforts to induce him to remain will be futile,. The ungodly in Indianapolis are now to

be afforded an opportunity of turaing froaitheir wicked ways. It is announced that EvangelistHarrison will make that city th; scea*of his next wrestle with Satan. The attackwill commence on the 2d of January, and continueprobably for several weeks. Instead ofgoltg into the slums of the sinful city, Mr.Harrison operates in the most stylish Metboellst church, where people of all grades are expectedto gather.. The English revisers of the New-Testamentheld their closing session on No eoiber

!2. There were present during the session theBishop of Gloucester and Bristol, who presided;the Deans of Westminster, Rochester.Lincoln, and Litc'.fleld; the Mister ol theTemple, Canon Westcott, Principals Angusand Newtb, Professors nort and Moulton, andPrebendaries Humphry and Scrlveuer. withMr. Trout beck, the secretary. The companyhas sat 407 days, and the average attendant;has been sixteen on each day or meeting.. Prof, swing at least has not install hope

of the theater. Many of the play 3 now on theboards he says, are creating a very good kindor laughter and tears and must be confessed tobe doing not a little toward educating the common people at least. There Is an evident tendencyIn the plays of to day to be classic, orrise to be didactic, teaching some good lessonIn ll'e. If there be a swlnaler in the plot, heis most certainly brought to grief; if there bJ a"false friend," he will surely wish he had beena true friend before he is done with the businessin hand.. Dr. Prime discourses in the ohserrer on

t he sin and folly of ridiculing other people'sreligious views. He tells how one evening inthis city he \va3 at a public meeting in aBaptist church, wltjh ministers of several differentdenominations, when one of them told astory, the point of which was to muke light ofthe nte of baptism by immersion. Tae badtaste, the bad manners, the atrocity of thething must have been painful to every rightmindedperson in the house. And no one rite!s more frequently made a matter of feeblewitticism than the baptism of infants bysprinkling and the baptism of adults by immersion.When a baptist speaks of "babyspiinklers"ora Pedo-Baptist speaks or irnaier.f-lonlsts a3 "dippers.'' they are both offendersagainst christian deeorna. In like mannertneamens of the Methodists and the formsand vestments of Episcopalians are often madelun ol by those who do not stop to reilen: thatpe culiaritles are the most sensitive places iaone's system, and whoever laughs at themwounds to the quick.

THE DHAJIA OF THE PRESENTWilli Advertising Attachment-Extractl'roiu "Camille."

[Pack.]Camille..[overwhelmed fith sha op] Yesjes.1 am all that you say: Money has beenmy object throughout life.money.money topurchase these gorgeous robes of Mai. Tl^li'ilt.moneyto buy these gems of Blffany a: Co..

money to have my hair dressed by Crimpen thecoiffeur. I can live only In this giddy whirl ofe-xcltement and luxury.in richly furnishedapartments like thls-so beautifully picturedby Mr. Dauber, the renowned scenic artist. Itan walk only on carpets from Kougau's-sitonly in Stutter's patent double-cushionedchairs.waltz only to Tlng-a-llng's glddv tunesplayed on a Yebor piano. A curtain hangsover my true life more rich, more deeply tintedthan even one or Hangem's manufacture. Iam a whlted sepulcher, with walls covered, asit were, with wall paper from Levi's Bx'.aar.Do not risk your life for me. Fly:Armavd..[terribly ajtected,] Rise Camille,rise. I will fly.on one condltton.Camille..[.N'oww,] What is that?Armand..[<W/<o.] That you fly with m«: i

Listen to me, camille! I am mad with a raginglire, hot as that kindled by Lush's (ienuiae iold Tom Gin. Beneath the breast of this coaLso elegantly made by Nlckle. the famous tailor.beats a heart whose agony is not to be expressedIn words. What is this man to me: Heis but the shade and shadow of a rival, asunreal as Ochre's picture there upon the wallthatsize fLoo. Say that you love me still."Camille..An abyss separates us, Aruund.

u e can no longer love each other. I havesworn It- The chasm that parts us is wide asPark avenue, on which fashionable streetPermit a: t o. are now offering for sale veryeligible corner lots. Go.forget me: I havesworn it.Armand..To whom?camille..To de Varvllle:Akmand..What, to that man, who gets his

clothes from the opposition house to Nlckle's.the house that refused to advertise with us atthe low rate of $10 a mention?Camille..[again overwhelmed with shame,]Ay.armand..But he smokes cigarettes not from

sklnney Brothers'celebrated manufactory:Camiiae..[utterly abase<l,] He does:Armani)..And you love this man. this man

whose shoemaker.base creature.1 can notmention his name, for he has not paid his advertLsing-blli.youlove him?Camille..[clean gone,] I do.armand..[rushing to tTudoor.] Come in, all:

[Enter Onines, O. D. F.]You all see this woman?'omnes..Camille:Armand..Do you know what she has done?

She sold her diamonds from sparkle's.her carriagefrom Jewster's.her horses from Battersail's.thatwe might live in one of S. U. Burban'scommodious villas. She is a pale, scentlessflower, pale as one of Bebus's Camellias in

the tasteful flower-stand and Jardiniere yonder,from Bentwood & Co.'s. But you arj all witnessesthat I pay my debt [showers gold ui>onher]. Now I owe her nothing.Varyille..[rushing uixjii him,] Yes, you

do:Armand..Don't! You muss my collar.< url

a; Blllson's patent duplex hemstitched. Villain,unhand me.[Music; Curtain, ornamented with adr. of GabbitrsSoap, falls.]

Tlie Legend of the Horseshoe*Itwasasignof paganism to eat horae flesh

and was foroldden in Christendom; thencecomes the whole flock of fancies about thehorseshoe, which Is hung over the door to keepaway evil spirits. People who profess to be notat all superstitious cling to the fancy and are likeMme. De StaeL who did not believe in ghost,yet was dreadfully afraid of them. The WanderingJew originally said he was the doorkeeperof Pilate and told Jesus to hurry slappinghim. Jesus tc Id him he should not die,andevery hundred years he grows faint andupon recovering finds himself as young aswhen Jesus spoke to him. In Berlin la a pairof shoes left by the Jew, and all through tbeseventeenth and eighteenth centuries peoplesupposed themselves to be the WanderingJew..Moncure D. Conway,

Fire and Loss of Life..Afire in the wallpaperfactory of Bridge & Sons, at Buffalo, N.Y., last evening, caused considerable damage,the loss of a number of lives, and the Injuryof many persons employed In the building.Jewel robbery..The residence of Mrs. Gov.

Todd, in Youngstown. Ohto, was entered byrobbers yesterday, who stole $s,ooo wortn ofdiamonds and jewelry. The family was athome, and it is a great mystery how the robberyoccurred.

Jvnrnaltan.A TRJBIT* TO ITS KNTBKrKUtf. POWKf. \NP fS*muKuiC 'Cdetu**-! from Kev. K»l-e:t Col )*r'« '.ate d.»fonnw.!Do the bidden forces biviK out In an earthqi k . a mau springs up with a uole book and

pencil white the land is rocking under his feeiasm tegins to write and to tlash bin words ov.ftbe first wire he can lay bis bands on. la the !nre burnlrg up a city- To -re he is am >n? tht'snie scratching at bis paper.the coolest at.i Ij on ^haM tltd.-bow d!<l yon come to write that account of

tbai fearful tnoridot; incur city* I said u> awom.in wbo had given a woiid-rful picture ofu ail In one of your great papers. -I was rush jJug out with all the r»*st of yo*i." »h- stllw ben l met a reporter for that piper, woo

i new me. iiesatd, "You are the very person IWus looking tor; come right along, vou must\srltemethe story of this morn'.n.,* ror oari flper and It must go over the wires to-1 v»-.Tl.ey win pay >ou more than you ask." 'VVrre? ou the sU»ry?' I cried through my tears; '* hy.my hem is breaking.and 1 have lost my folks.and. just look at ine with the grime:- 'Allright, be answered, -put the heart break Intotl^ story. leave your face to care of itseir au.llet the folks se<k you. c ome along.' Andcom**1 did. across the river to a house, where h ' Itound a table, put paper and pencil down; andso 1 did It, blotting tbe thing all over wltii ui>tears.'The newspaper Is f lirlous and cool a' Its

1'gbcst aud best; meaner as you reach 4ovn-ward, and when yeu get clean cl i#u t > th-»I >west line, as mean as airt. It Is the old dre.-m je er again In this lespcet als >. taa* thes- ele- jmeats s'and (Or(OMUdiif outrtde ihe nn»,--'1 b if: for the power on the throne and :hcj-OAer Ivhlud the throne; for tbe actors anl

'

Hi audience; for those who fashion this marvel |of our modern time, and tho;.- for wn in It isra hlot.ed. The gold and silver, the trass andin ii ami mud are all found lir.st in thr» peoplev. h > make the form anl subs!an >e of tne nevs- !

possible: and then they ar In thos- wt< >made the press to please th"* thej work f or,a! <1 from whom they expert a due reward.Powerful and w onderful as this creat on of our

rew day is, it is the Image of tae people wtioare looking at It in hope aud b ar. or adulra-Hon or hate. It Is like the church, the dramac ongress, the senate and the a4mtmstrailon.an outcome first and then au Income, or llki*the water which runs clear to the upper s'orleiof our houses and great buildings (only It doesnot so run In New York).a proof thai we navethese among ss who work and plan and payfor clearness, and at its wor.it it Is like th st ag-nant pools and marshes that turn to slim'- int be sun to breejl pestilence am malaria-proofof ihe kinship to evil some people tolerate ab>u'themer create out ol the .-lush and Mime ofj t heir own nature,

I Now that the American press.for 1 sp»akotitns especially.should distance th»> worll inenterprise Is as natural as it la that w<- shoulddo a hundred things beside that spring fromour wide and free life. That It should be generallykeen, bright, trenchant quick and HumorousIn spots Is also natural, because theseare all qualities that lie wii hia our free lifeaho. That the leading articles In our papersshould contrive to pack all the sense Into ualft he space of the leaders In a paper like t heLondon< Time - Is also natural, because we Utv aha \y, tiery and impatient lire, different funthe slow and sure proces of lire In England. and

; so editors know very well that if they suoa.dgl\e us a pKce of iheir mind In their columnswe shcuid look at the loag chapter. retuse totend it. and so not onlv Must rate tuelr labors.bui stop our subscriptions.

i or we will no more abide long sermons lai L-. press than we v.ill in the pulpit. Taat weshould have hundreds of personal and iaip.'rsowtl items about everything of auy interest,airl every man and woman who nappeas tosttike- the public eyes, Is also natural, becausethere Is no such curious and laqulsiuve race <.ui Le planet as this or ours It is true, nu doubt,t hiit in one respect we have amended oar waystince the days o! Mr. l»lckens.

J stand tor the perfect freedom of t'ue press,now and forever, and want to see It frank andteai less about men and things, no matter whogets hurt. I nave no sympathy wiiu tae in 'resentimental s<iueatnlshue?s which would coverihii.gs up that, ought to be revealed; and u »reiLi1 newspaper o.'ten does a work betore whichi he pulmt quails and falls back, coming ;:p a'la.-., il it comes up at all. among the reserves.Tte pi'' -s ean do. and has done, a peerless workla grapplli g wltn public and personal corruptionwithin the p\3t jears. We need suchpsi»frs. ar,d we have them.

j And now what hope Is there that this grea*potver for good an<l evil will grow Letter notwoise: ?hat the go!d ar a silver bf It will graduallygain on tbe bra'is, the Iron and the inu I.W< 11, t his,tlrat of all. 1« to me the granu -st or aLcpe.that the b'*st of our journals are ail thi to growing better and wlanlng their way intolarge areas or power and the 'noblest use I ji count it a sign altogether fo- good that the vastmajority of our great papers are perfectly freeana. as I believe, perfectly honest. Tti-y wantno office or plunder, and will have none. Taeystand clear of ail taint, and trust themselvesI ut it riy to the honest instincts of the cleauAmerican citizen.The best ot them see from afar, as men on

mountam tops, the dawn oi anewaud betterday, when the patriot will persuade the merepolitician, or rather, when the politician willbe a patriot In the purest sense. And so they! stand as heralds to encourage us to rise audtake our place and begin witathe new opportunity.Journals like these are the true leadersof the people, as Mr. Lincoln was the trueleader wnen he waited to hear the t ramp nf hislellow citizens behind him, and then marchedcn with their heart and mind and hand tomaintain him. It is also true that as thepeople go, the journals- whl-.h do nor lead, buttollow.will go. They will do just as they havedone.wheel swiftly into line to save their circulation.So it Is no great wonder, as \ ou will see tha*the newspaper should be about the most potent !

power we know or among visible things, or thatiair minded men should be glad for this powerand proud or it, wherever It is held sacredto truth aud virtue in a wide and true sens*1. Iwin venture to say also that we, of all men. 1should be glad and proud of this power forgood, because among newspapers of the firstrank there are very few indeed that are notconducted In a broad and liberal spirit wheneverthey touch the great questions whichbelong especially to the pulpit, indeed. I sawa paragraph not very long ago which protesse1to give the bias, or the belongings, of the mosteminent editors in this country, and It wassomething ot a wonder to find what numbersor them were what we should call liberal, until1 remembered how hard it must be to find aman of any other mind who can conduct agreat paper, or conducting one, should notcatch t his spirit through his work.There is one more word. You are In the habit

of say ing that ministers are only men after alland we must >ay the same ol editors, and makea large allowance lor them. They do not chimein with our ideas, but we know they are goodmen and true in their vocation. I know or noposition so full of difficulty as that of the con-duetorof a great journal. Els congregation iscounted by tens of thousands, and every mmof them wants the paper run his way. frets andfumes if it Is not so, and writes a scolding letteror glvc-8 up his paper. This Is all wrong, and aperpetual threat to one of the finest treasureswe possess.tie freedom o! the press. Now,wehave free speech in the pulpit, and cherish it;we should love It also in the press, so it be cleanand sturdy spet«b. and say with good JohnJames Taylor:. "I love the truth, even when Itgoes against myself.^Wand S. and Katie Hiddlcton*

[New York Turf, Field and Farm iMr. liair, the trainer of Maud S., dropped Inupon us Friday last. He had been spending afew days at Harrlaburg with old friends andcame to New York for the purpose of seeing Mr.\ anderbllu His first thought ot building a paddockIn Chester Park for Maud S. was abandoned.He reasoned that she would be bettercontented with company, and so she was giventhe run of the field with Katie Mlddleton. Thefirst time she was let out she made straight fora small pond, waded In and laid dpwn, Sheeeemed to take great delight in the bath, sheand Katie Mlddleton are very fond of eachother and get along very weli toget her. Th*»yare given the treedom of the tleld at eleveno'clock each day. and are taken up at oneo'clock. A groom always watches ov^r themThe shoes of both have been removed, butMaud S. wears tips. She is kept strong withgram, and is in the best of health. Mr. Balrhas ordered a light wagon for her, and hesays that he win easily beat next year th*wagon record of HoperuL He thinks he candrive fcer, rigged to four wheels, in 2:13. Healso says he would like to see her matchedagainst St. JuUem He arsrues that she has asmuch speed as she has, Is as good a rater anawUl stay better. On the 1st of January he willtake the young queen and commence joggingher. He says he made a mistake at Chicagowhen he trotted in 2:io*;. He should havedriven the first quarter in 32y, instead of 33yseconds. Had this been done, he claims thatthe half-nine would have been trotted in b^terthan 1:04, and that 2:10 would have been beaten,ne says that Maud S Is as sound now as shewas one year ago. When he first broke her shewas inclined to amble, but she never paced, andshe does not amble now. He believes that shewould trot without toe weights but claims thatit would be risky to leave them oft when startingfor a big performance. As the weights areUght, four ounces, the strain upon her is notgreat. Katie Mlddleton is doing very welL Shenas recovered her temper and acts Uke a soundmare. If she stands up next year, Mr. H Urhopes to drive her a very fast mue. she is amare of wonderful speed. She and Maud 8 winbe hooked double sometime after the 1st of January.Want Jcdgb Woods confirmed..Memb rs otthe bar ot Atlanta, Savannah, Mobile, Montgomery,HuntsvUle, San Antoiy^ New Orleansand Jacksonville have telegrarfMo to Senatorsto confirm the appointment of Judge Woods, ofGeorgia, as associate Justice of the UnitedStates.Polygamy in Idaho..Gen. Neal. of Idaho inhis message to the legislature says polygamy isbeing rapidly introduced Into that territoryfrom Utah, and he expresses the hope that thelegislature will adopt measures to crush out thepractice.

Rm.th* n «i ok thi tutor ««!.

(From Pnnch.)there i« some inieti thin*

ten in thi* our world, though Uit> pr',t>,hit tU'l t

on Sunday warned m t}!llt tir..^ win*ror final folditiir must wa:t n**%t.l«l *

*y,Iuyl at in tits pulpit mi) v *.*11

"hm.HK Olt* m their padded pewsMust have knowu rent's ui -ami)«r. iU« > l«ok«vl .

*lUUar .

H»>. their etah'.od boiw*. in --rfl ntallnd m««iHatin«r t>orLe tluur burden oi fttir-ulad floatifMUitt»fro*(W church at the senium * rt.ie*

I « «'li man master* u- ist fain rvfr«*fcA dumb Unite's laKir with *!<»rht re|*oee

I it !' For a dozee l.tschouni dajr,S-,\ da\W tn seven. t.> nt*n,l. stand. stand.'« ..H*'rr strained sinew* with pam «rtv.- wayAin tilenick hear. Kirk that '* man'* den.an t

Ul nietv fl. nil ami blo.nl in a woman's «hai>e,.

"'at woman is unit and must toil for Ufa.i 'I t<ktiiiv v"ndniu that t« draperat. iav.irA' M-tfor iwatil or wife.

Ami J" talk of r-ft t-> aitch slav.«* a" Ii i' T 'I ? matched moments of toil'si l l"' ''"' ' rturvr's v totiui try

peauera« k-turns and dr^aru ,»f

1 --W Jlit;; tl ,.(. », , 1,,M\ tthrist at. muster n sl iritw hirhtI'll istithropj ,h (» «. naiutl) |w»r.-hliellinUlltS III pill 'i,. v.t conscious ru-iiHunk tie champions s.am or 1'urLx1 ki .a he upon plat. ti:. i-r !.k

;**->» p«T ttiitik ..f the slavm mli., w ,rk«I"; hjti hfj of thord- Ui thro.icti <lr.'ar> 4*».«

i i.i i.i ^r, .i n<> cSf TAn1-*I si'winy suflvnuir*. prex-h nit wromr*

1 > t«'<t tldors of li tickler** wa.es?i< \ .»ko no t»t «« * ?:i*««. inspire no ». nw*.

T.*. |s>»r toor «>' * ! \ ft. .1 -r R .iv n_

" *» !!. !> w. ir> I- .1T It -»! o*n In.t -v at i '!!!1 * '«-k tlii-travTn in li uk \wut NfctiiM>Ktt k- in tl»«- to* .Kft ii>*art.

1 .« > »!i it in ii.it «]« >».lx rn- < : vI...I! tro it.aii) cttiiis m >0 ; mart

t t.a. ii tL< tn hiiAit au.1 ptV, andi 'I..V T, tli. !!, lnk.-t..,i|t.r.>»4| ot ^Uiiu*

'

k r. r,'sv. -f h»i rt r< li.-xI r. i.i w..u at. v . < t'iat I mat n..t nam«.

Al.it I ltt> WIoLW" til.lt Jl.lv'Lit 1'JKfc IH ...|,

At.<l /-what t>. tt«i at.i I than ti..VVh. t -tr, til.', r. It ; « t.«Jl.-r. ilt«* fl"*

M'i"' wlfit. < !»« w r.-t. !tf I lay' !>itt. r K>n<!aK -'iall fir.- tti«> ttir»! %

vi t. rntnlepHrnk« tliat uir * t!iAi"' iwiV k timn.KUiat itiot-k a- i ^U'

M) I!ttk>rtit'iiijrtli 111 .1 til > 1< »s<T A on!:!.Hum- tj\( tl ti!', >>atj> no ik j ut tn niK'!,-i" ' w, !,r* «tl«l tli- Kt irit . r, ,hi I,And the mor»-t. lif.- Ka|.|>hirf ii v

Mii-fltf a lati< \ thatui li!tAt thoixht <>t the rr iu^p tliat «a\ <f> *ci k t:-<

N >ty.«' Hiiti/. or ah. H iv-ii* t.-'ILc | lttl.v i"4i * .ii.i 1 tli. } i ,.al , u

U^-jnnr." h:M r.j, i,iBinlw. through flto natiM» of »n nr ir- Milu in k

«il:tUt*« altL f|'>ili-1 WKttie'i wli i. s at.-it, n arM v flo«onnK tf,-:tkr'!i with th. ;r wanton w him*.Vv tl.i^'V . V' li- Mtatr.^ k.iii! wr-vk »ui:\\ .11 tin- k1« .'k fa«vd h: (fcrf f-;iint!y h\u»ti-.

*hf ;yiix . j c«l traders t u »ti;i^ht ii,VN 'u> ii'lt, anit liarr> . and 's\. alid t1aki an> Maui t 'i:i the >>li4iti- an l n lOl an o'er-worked *v'i.ian »U.. Kum.'d ! . .

Ralbton vs. Shakos..a cor.v of lb." comIp.a1i:tln Uk- remarka t>lo o«itttty s.iH >: LiI. Kalbton HK'atiist W'rn. Sh.troa ainl ttnot:t'rhas bet'ii published, it wad tiled In the supeilot court or >aii 1 iduolscoou the ;tt» ulu. and?h S.'*'. prlotet1 p.i *os Of o-.a\ . au .

iuc plaii.nrr te tne whiow or t-flat<» w*rnHdlslou, of the Bank or < .'lir^nl t. wbosi s 11d(-D d'.'atli While bathing on the North B»m -!itear <.»n Frandsuo. In August, wi,: t"retut'tnUicd l>> man-, of oar reM . <. Fr a1'' J far up to the time of hi deaiu h"uab a trt-Lcral parJnci with Win. su.iroa innumerous buiin^-v; ettlTpn*;s of trr-'a"n agniiuJc at.d Itn^ortati' »*. uij t *j * v Utofthe prtptny a.<julro,l tjy tho partn'ts.itp ilttrlii,; this period is esilmavd ;» thlrt\n.li. o; «;t ii ..r .. vr,,. i> -.-na ....Ai* ^a'(;e in,lie i,,: m- ... :i, tiu' -ti- my'alli St^sUiat Mr. Sharon, utider a d f-d or ira,?

li.iii fXCtuittl b) Mr. Halston ou tli*1 tlsiy ti'*wa.1- drowned, ha.-; proit-eaed with thest'ttteuantor thepartner»blp atlalrsln su> a a waiand induttea her to sl(:n such juperalnr ;.»!t^iice thereto uc uii.a^iitl) tj deprive h.T or a^a^ MtnuU". or 'i.il and y Tsoti.il property t jwh:ch the n entliled. Sb»i leinands if'illa

euUu.li.g rtti.i ;u lament ^ot Itei It isOind s shaiot i ne rli-iu asaeta. The trial . ia nardiy fai:JKi .e p il'dc tnauy lutcr?stiiitj la'ts cotii -niinirthe uaujuijrenient oi th« Bank oi t 'thforula an ioilier important corporations of la !'icluoCoajt.

Mis. Beki.man. the runaway wife, Is slid aR«.ureeor much emoirrassuieat at New YorkiKilhvheadquaiiera. Kbeconst uitij l th«l .uk hotel,where she Is «tuaru*rHa. s^eks ret ir jatthepohec oilk-', and threaieas ii klli h^i"wh if lar.eu to l'ulia lelphla or an Insane aij

^ luat.

LJfeT,«>F LKTTKHM REMAINING IN SU&W AbHINuroN CI lk' IVST OKFICE.Kalanlay, UtTt.uber In, !> »< .

^ rt.tiin any of tln*se fiHtte** tli« ap> IJ^aLtcan foi 'auvkkxihico LtiiKHis" aii-i <r.\o

til. ..-iU- .if till* .ict.c". 111 uot oaUed for within cno aiOLth in^y be

Eaa» ui thu Vt'.A Letter oaioe.UVD1LS' LIdX

A A; 'hony Manne; Andrews t'arolin.- w \.to'. Ltiiiiy Ai;«*rn \1 M.b: Allen Sarah KM , \

W, !J Bryan Auan Mr*. BirrilaJ iir^i .1'' U"t!«r M iry A ltr*v ,

A'Uca^.y Alitiooun iirowu w-uat

5, VV'T Aunle. Carter Eliza CaxTleana Fannte' ii i" Jh y M M »r^ -e;

CoTt ertKarah.' Cw*Ju'jm CUrke SI» -Lt.fhu Cely V' Dor^-y liar«,.it. Dui. u J

"" iI»vi« June: Xjerhy lAtcy.1; ti*ai.h*\er f una Early lis hoi.» -r ^her Annie E; Eoamr Eii/a Fuller Ma-y

i i-zier Jdary.vV/U.recI1<l ^!lD,1'? Mrs Graham Ellen, OwynttMar> ; uraiiT hartU.B-Bundran Enuna: Hurler Kat«. Hatch Mel la

Handler Maiyaret H..yt N.-tt;. liau*h;..n stai aBaney Hadie ; Harris Viru.uia

.«^oi.a.

J Jante* Caroline;-lotoiFsn Einma tohns tn K»t«; Jackson (^eortria Jetle-fton Harriet. .John- »uaiar, A Johnson Lnvinnie; Jones Mary I. Joh^eon Maria A.

Kavanaiurh Kate, Kat:.- Mary.Ei -Lea i leypO Mm. L*<l<'"er Katie; I>e vis Laaiite.Lucki-ifrLizzie; Lewis Nancy. Ln.-as Noliie

E«-v. g Naiini.-.M-Mnllen Annie; Miser F Mr-: Mlddleton Annie;Mercer Charlotte; Mill* Eut-y Me .ar 1 E M

Mih; Mabiay Jtilja, MathasJuo Mrs MorrtHLncyHuiaeMoihe Moore Mrs Midltfeea Mary C Mat",'"1M L; Murray M Mrs, Mason Mar Mrs, Madi

*«e; Merwi. earah F; Murtran Musie. Miller

X A 31 1*1*.Mo-MKItiire E J Mrs; McAnauannt M M^ss

Mt LeodMamie®.NellitiMarie; N-i Hobert E MrsxSteiT" ^ U Jkirt<; OA><a»ld - la; 01lasted

Ann!.- Pr.oe Matifca Powell H I *'Mis*. 1 itkin Wa.u-r Mrs; 1'. j: Yr Cater.ne, i'attorBenl.uitna-I; I arker H^rrie. I'ain James MrsH.<,iuackeiioo*K A.ice.

T.,Julia, 4: Roiruan

^ane BolanifS Kate Uowe Mtude, ttay Ella, iwbiufeoii ti.8-Bmith Jalia Ann. Sulden Annie; Sparks A n

Mrs; binndan J A Mrs, hhctuan .1 l.,st..w»rt EV8tj2.u*.1'Jlcy.8: Stoue '-'-"-"f F; btewart Martha..T-J hatcher Annie Thomas MarvK. 'iolelH-r;Bizabeth; Tyler fci>n Tar ker KUa; Trt>uuia HelenA; ieroey Ue.eua; 1 n^. >n Id a U, Thomt>soa J U

; T^ivU Aiic-t, Ih.imas Maria. i'enmaon Mary^Wiudsor L: Wilson A D. Warren Annie

Wii an.B l; H; Weeks E t Mrs Wo..db*rwh E MrnJSatton E. Warntt Martha; Wahams HarrietWllsjn Jessie: Hillis Ldbe; West-jn Maria. Wuhan.sftaacy Mr*: Ward h&chel. Waaler riuoaa

GENTLEMEN'S LIST.A.Au«iey Geo.It -BurknerA Bernardiiii A G. Ba^t t Alfred

Lrown t$ A; Bradley Chas H Brown u li Balar ICha. lie; lirouirliton l>avid. Boone K ii; HartFt anji. Brys«in E; liuuis Guj Brown II Marttst Bayw.iod; Berkey John. Iirowu -laaies, 2~..j.oke J if; Burton J F.; B»i.jauii;i HC l'..rbiun «A iiaidNMu WiL, Brtlt W H Blackford W BBohrer W in B.*V rawlord Albert Carter 0 < 'nrson D T

Chrtstian Pndley . Cooke c* . Jarter Geo M .JarCiemenLsCi i>. Cutn-r Joun. C.umeuU- J C, C ia«>tLanJohn; Clark John. Cook Jno G; Car] J tC'le L C; < ollins H E.

Derni^er Aamist; Davie Char' «; D tacan DT; U.<Ke» Henry B -U^r l.reni;ai; I)a\u J WJuojiant L ; hu\ iH \\ ni h ; U'lUitiASs iV*m.

"'.Elliott A H Enear G^o, Ltuuivrtju JulianEn wiam T.p1".A S; Frier Ed; Flenius J ; Frost Jas E.Fisher Wm J.«;-Gojden Green; Gaut <ie<j W; Green John;

Geonre M C; Gordon Thos Golden Jes-.c GihifoEa- : Gihuan E li.M.Hudson Cnas; Hall ' teo W Ilarrey treti; Hen

P H M Ha^renbUKU J ii; llaraia . L,J; Il.lts Wm J.J Jenkins A J; Joht.srn Edward : Johnson R H ;

Jackson Ireon A; Jihntou Tho* A; Johns..aThoinaa; Johnbun Thoe J, Johnson WL; Johnsjn>\ il !iam.^M.KiDK Frank H: KerkerOA; Kent Henry CKeilleraini HaJd Keith F Jua«» Knap'ifcsf.

' AL.htltlK Johi. H, E&tOS i UoIiiaS; Liuowtor

Jno W.M.Mo^i A J. Moore Caleb; Murray Ktnanue!*

Monticomery F Col; MooreG , Mnrohison A (id».Mattiil Hemrlch; Moeeley H M Michael J l'Ma pi Jno E; Moaitroi> .Sidney; Morria s DMc-jicCiaren John. McBow^i Thots, McSe r

wni B.W-JKoonan Henry E. Norman Jnsephui.O -Oakiey Horace. Ospenls i'alers.H-l'erry Benjamin J Pieroe C W; Phillips E LFerry Hi; Polk H B Plivnmer .1 >«eph H Payns

Eettta. Falmer Richard; l'arker WE.J|-Wt.ackenLuah J H; oiiIdi B 8.

.*-BnMie!l C W; B*ndol|ih Paul Baaaei: Wm H^cbarda W H; Hoeaou Artuur Beed Daniel. Buse'l E O; Rush Hu#h.8-Swan Dorsey, 2; 8wart/.eJ! G W; Hwenaaon GG; Shada H D. femith J M, Simrus Jjs; Schid/.Juhns; htevons John Stewart J M BuUlvau j j£eoholdere Jacob; Blokom Iaaac. Hm'.th Bhei-wu"gtewart 1 H, Bnyoer W H. Sumers Wm bursaWm. Ktrater Wp; Stevens A Fish_T.Tsjior Aw. TaylorClillorJ, Thomas Geo.Tun ey I) B Taylor Eddie, Turner Geo A; TahferroHtnry; Taylor John T; Tu»born John;Thompson 8 at**, Trueblood N A; Thisssll W S.W .w lUiams A L: Wettimrhouse Ban.. William*

Chas; Woodford E 8; Willis K M War.lell J U ;wilsoo John; Waehinirten Janie«; White Jno C;White John D; West John; Watson James: Wa.sbM V, Wilharus Phlllii« ^White Robert, White WB: White WiUie; Wood WHDr; Woody Warren;Williama Wm Hon; Whitmore a Co.V.Yeoman A A; VounK Georaie; Yoat Henrj*.Z-Zant Alfred.

LETTERS REMAINING IN aEOBOETOWN (D.C.)P. O.. Deiuus XSTH. 18S0.

I.AD1EB' LIST..Ambaiyer Annie J Mrs; Polk 8E MisajThomifoc, Maria L Mrs.GENTS LIST.-Brady Thomas. Caldwell.John

B; Lone Patiick Hhoeinaker J HD. B AIMi£|, Postmaster. ^