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Licensed Vocational Nursing

March 2011 Needs Assessment

Prepared by Carli Straight Date: March 8, 2011 Licensed Vocational Nursing

RRN 1,894

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Scope Data compiled in this report covers San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles counties. Data were drawn from external sources, including the Employment Development Department’s California Labor Market Information and the U.S. Department of Education’s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), as well as Chaffey College’s Colleague Administrative database. Data Sources and Calculations Educational Program Data TOP Code Program of Study

1230.20 Licensed Vocational Nursing The Taxonomy of Programs (TOP) is a standardized system used at the state level to classify programs and courses at California Community Colleges that are intended to achieve the same outcome. CIP Code Program of Study

51.1613 Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse Training (LPN, LVN, Cert, Dipl, AAS) The Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) is a standardized coding system used at the federal level to facilitate accurate tracking, assessment, and reporting of fields of study and program completion at educational institutions throughout the country. This report draws on the Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse Training CIP code, which maps to the Licensed Vocational Nursing TOP code, to compare Chaffey College to other institutions and examine employment trends. Completions Data Degree and certificate data regarding students at Chaffey College were collected from the Colleague Administrative database. Degree and certificate data for all comparison schools were collected from the U.S. Department of Education’s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). All comparison institutions included in this report are postsecondary and have provided data to IPEDS. IPEDS defines postsecondary education as a formal program designed primarily for students beyond high school age. These include academic, vocational, and continuing professional education, and exclude avocational and adult basic education programs. Occupational Data SOC Code Occupational Title

29.2061 Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses The Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system is used by federal statistical agencies to classify workers into occupational categories. The Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse Training CIP code was mapped to the SOC code listed in the table above using the crosswalk described in the paragraph below. Educational Program to Occupation Crosswalk The TOP-CIP-SOC Crosswalk (Employment Development Department, 2007) was used in this report to map TOP codes to CIP and SOC codes. This crosswalk allows the user to estimate labor market demand for California Community College program completers using SOC-based projections from the California Labor Market Information Division.

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Industry Data The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is used by federal statistical agencies to classify business establishments for the purpose of conducting and reporting research on the U.S. business economy. The Standard Occupation Classification codes are mapped to industry data by the California Labor Market Information Division. Industry information is used to geographically map the business locations of potential employers as well as to observe trends across the industries that employ the occupations identified above.

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Introduction and Contents Contents Background Information 5 Regional Job Outlook 6 Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers 8 Regional Graduation Summary 10 Chaffey College’s Performance on Core Indicators 12 Map of Regional Employers and Competitor Institutions 13 Purpose and Goals Chaffey College currently offers a degree and a certificate option in the Vocational Nursing Program. The Associate of Science Degree in Vocational Nursing requires successful completion of 47 units. The Certificate in Vocational Nursing requires successful completion of 53-65 units. The Chaffey College 2010-11 Catalog reads: “The Vocational Nurse is a caregiver in acute and extended care facilities. VN’s are also employed in home health care, emergency clinics, and as reviewers of health care utilization. The Vocational Nursing (VN) program is accredited by the State of California Board of Vocational Nursing and Psychiatric Technicians (BVNPT). Upon completion of the program, students are eligible to apply to take the Board of Vocational Nursing and Psychiatric Technicians’ licensing examination to practice in the State of California as a Licensed Vocational Nurse. The VN program is three semesters in length and begins each fall and spring semester. The program consists of lecture and laboratory instruction in actual nursing situations. Applicants with a record of any felony are subject to review by the Board of Vocational Nurse and Psychiatric Technician Examiners (BVNPTE) before a license can be granted. Contact the BVNPTE prior to submitting an application to the VN program to clarify eligibility for licensure upon completing the program for a fee.”

The purpose of this report is to integrate and analyze data from multiple sources to determine labor market needs for the Vocational Nursing program at Chaffey College. Regional Definitions Inland Empire includes the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Los Angeles County includes the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale Metropolitan Division Orange County includes the Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine Metropolitan Division Key Terms and Concepts Replacement Jobs: Replacement jobs refer to the number of job openings due to workers leaving an occupation. Annual Openings: Annual openings are calculated by adding the number of new jobs to the number of replacement jobs, divided by the number of years in the projection period. Projections: Projections of employment are calculated by the Employment Development Department and are based on a mathematical formula that includes historical employment and economic indicators along with national, state, and local trends. Occupation: Jobs are grouped into occupations using the federal Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Industry: Occupations are grouped into industries using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Wages: Hourly wages are reported in percentiles and averages. The 25th percentile is a useful proxy of entry-level wages and the 75th percentile of experienced-level wages.

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Background Information 1 California Community Colleges, Chancellor’s Office, Taxonomy of Programs, Sixth Edition (Corrected Version). 2 O*Net Online: http://online.onetcenter.org/find

Licensed Vocational Nursing Nursing programs in California Community Colleges focus on teaching students principles and techniques for assisting the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or to recovery. Licensed Vocational Nursing programs lead to licensure by the Board of Vocational Nursing and Psychiatric Technicians. Completers of these programs apply technical and manual nursing skills, practiced under the direction of a registered nurse, physician, or other medical staff, specific to the scope of practice of the licensed vocational nurse.1 The description of job duties for Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses is provided by the Occupational Information Network.2

Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses care for ill, injured, convalescent, or disabled persons in hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, private homes, group homes, and similar institutions. Typical Tasks

♦ Administer prescribed medications or start intravenous fluids, and note times and amounts on patients’ charts

♦ Observe patients, charting and reporting changes in patients’ conditions, such as adverse reactions to medication or treatment, and taking any necessary action

♦ Provide basic patient care and treatments, such as taking temperatures or blood pressures, dressing wounds, treating bedsores, giving enemas or douches, rubbing with alcohol, massaging, or performing catheterizations

♦ Sterilize equipment and supplies, using germicides, sterilizer, or autoclave ♦ Answer patients’ calls and determine how to assist them ♦ Measure and record patients’ vital signs, such as height, weight, temperature, blood

pressure, pulse and respiration ♦ Work as part of a health care team to assess patient needs, plan and modify care and

implement interventions ♦ Collect samples such as blood, urine and sputum from patients, and perform routine

laboratory tests on samples ♦ Prepare patients for examinations, tests or treatments and explain procedures ♦ Assemble and use equipment such as catheters, tracheotomy tubes, and oxygen suppliers

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Regional Job Outlook

Projected Regional Job Outlook The table below displays 2008 employment estimates and 2018 projections for Licensed Vocational Nurses. Each of the regions of interest is expected to provide a large number of annual job openings; however, opportunities are most numerous in Los Angeles County, followed by the Inland Empire and then Orange County.

Total

Estimated 2008 Jobs

Total Projected 2018 Jobs

Projected Growth (%)

Ave. Annual New Job Openings

Ave. Annual Replacement Job Openings

Ave. Annual Total Job Openings

Licensed Vocational Nurses

State of California 63,300 76,900 13,600 (21.5%) 1,360 1,980 3,340

Inland Empire 5,970 7,190 1,220 (20.4%) 122 187 309

Los Angeles CO 20,060 25,860 5,800 (28.9%) 580 628 1,208

Orange CO 5,430 6,670 1,240 (22.8%) 124 169 293

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited March 3, 2011). Projected Regional Job Growth The graph below shows the projected growth from 2008 to 2018 of Licensed Vocational Nursing occupations. All regions of interest show growth rates that are “much faster than average,” with Los Angeles County expected to grow the most over this time period.

01020304050

California Inland Empire

Los Angeles County

Orange County

% G

row

th

Licensed Vocational Nurses

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited March 3, 2011).

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Regional Hourly Wages This table displays the first quarter 2010 hourly wage statistics of Licensed Vocational Nurses. Although wages are comparable across the regions of interest, they are highest in Orange County and lowest in the Inland Empire.

Mean Hourly Rate 25th Percentile Median Hourly Rate 75th Percentile

Licensed Vocational Nurses

State of California $24.22 $20.52 $23.95 $27.86

Inland Empire $21.50 $18.58 $20.92 $23.96

Los Angeles CO $23.32 $19.55 $23.08 $26.49

Orange CO $24.63 $21.75 $24.55 $27.76

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited March 3, 2011).

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Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers

Largest Industry Employers of Licensed Vocational Nurses The graphs below display the 2008 staffing patterns of the ten largest industries employing Licensed Vocational Nurses across the state of California. General Medical and Surgical Hospitals employ the greatest number of individuals in this occupation, followed by Nursing Care Facilities.

02,0004,0006,0008,000

10,00012,00014,00016,00018,00020,000

Num

ber o

f Em

ploy

ees

Licensed Vocational Nurses

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited March 3, 2011).

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Change Over Time of the Largest Industry Employers of Licensed Vocational Nurses The graphs below display projections of change over time from 2008-2018 of the largest industries employing Licensed Vocational Nurses in the state of California. The Home Health Care Services industry is expected to encounter the most growth in the number of Licensed Vocational Nurses employed, whereas Residential Mental Health Facilities are expected to experience a decline in the number of Licensed Vocational Nurses they employ.

-20.00%

-10.00%

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

Perc

ent C

hang

e

Licensed Vocational Nurses

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited March 3, 2011). Other Industries with Growth in Licensed Vocational Nursing Aside from the ten largest industries that were displayed in the graphs above, Licensed Vocational Nurses are employed by additional industries with growth. The table below displays these industries along with their numeric change and percent growth from 2008 to 2018.

Industry Employment in California

2008 2018 Numeric Change Percent Growth

Licensed Vocational Nurses

Other Hospitals 800 900 100 12.5%

Individual and Family Services 500 600 100 20.0%

Office Administrative Services 300 400 100 33.3%

Elementary and Secondary Schools 200 300 100 50.0%

Other Ambulatory Health Care Services 100 200 100 100.0%

Offices of Other Health Practitioners 100 200 100 100.0% Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited March 3, 2011).

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Regional Graduation Summary

Education and Training3

Most practical nursing training programs last about 1 year and are offered by vocational and technical schools or community or junior colleges. Licensed Vocational Nurses must be licensed to practice in California by the Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Vocational Nursing and Psychiatric Technicians (BVNPT). They also must meet educational requirements, pass a background check, and pass the licensing examination known as the National Council Licensing Examination for Practical Nurses (NCLEX-PN). Regional Completers in Licensed Vocational Nursing Programs The table below displays the number of program completers in the 2009-10 academic year at regional institutions offering Licensed Vocational Nursing. Besides Chaffey College, there are 48 institutions offering degrees or certificates below the baccalaureate level across the four county region.

Institution Name Award Level

< 1 year Certificate 1 to < 2 year Certificate

Associate’s Degree

2 to < 4 year Certificate

Chaffey College -- 0 5 6

Advanced College -- 70 -- --

Angeles College of Nursing -- 88 -- --

Angeles Institute -- 78 -- --

Antelope Valley College -- 37 -- --

Baldwin Park Adult & Community Education -- 15 -- --

Beaumont Adult School -- -- -- 33

California Career College -- 37 -- --

Career Care Institute -- 143 -- --

Career Colleges of America -- 84 -- --

Career Development Institute -- 4 -- --

Career Networks Institute -- 100 -- --

Casa Loma College- Van Nuys -- 230 -- --

Central Nursing College -- 56 -- --

CES College -- 10 -- --

CIT College of InfoMedical Technology -- 1 -- --

Citrus College 0 72 9 --

College of the Desert -- 2 8 --

Community Based Education and Development DBA CBD College -- 116 9 --

3 Bureau of Labor Statistics, United States Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2010-11 Edition, on the Internet at: http://www.bls.gov/OCO/ (visited March 4, 2011).

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Concorde Career College – San Bernardino -- 123 -- --

Copper Mountain College 1 0 2 10

Downey Adult School -- -- -- 55

El Camino College – Compton Center -- 0 -- --

Everest College- Alhambra -- 30 -- --

Four-D College -- 188 -- --

Franklin Career College -- 56 -- --

Hacienda La Puente Unified School District- Adult Education -- 167 -- --

Homestead Schools -- 63 -- --

Long Beach City College -- 55 12 --

Los Angeles Trade Technical College -- 1 2 --

Marian Health Careers Center -- 53 -- --

Maxine Waters Employment Preparation Center -- 35 -- --

Mt. San Jacinto Community College District -- 38 -- --

North-West College- Glendale -- 29 -- --

North-West College- Pasadena -- 12 -- --

North-West College- Pomona -- 44 -- --

North-West College- Riverside -- 73 -- --

North-West College- West Covina -- 51 -- --

Pacific College -- 129 0 --

Palladium Technical Academy -- 27 -- --

Palo Verde College -- 12 -- --

Pasadena City College -- 20 0 --

Preferred College of Nursing – Los Angeles -- 72 -- --

Premiere Career College -- -- -- 81

Rio Hondo College -- 29 8 --

Riverside Community College -- 34 18 --

St. Francis Career College -- 116 -- --

Summit Career College -- 457 -- --

Valley College of Medical Careers -- 24 -- --

Total 1 3,081 73 185

Note: “--“ indicates that this type of degree is not offered. “0” indicates that this degree/certificate level is offered but no degrees or certificates were granted. Source: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, on the Internet at: http://www.nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/ (visited March 3, 2011)

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Chaffey College’s Performance on Core Indicators The Perkins IV Career and Technical Education Improvement Act of 2006 mandates that all state and local postsecondary institutions provide data on six core performance indicators for their career and technical education programs. These indicators are: 1) Technical Skill Attainment; 2) Completions; 3) Persistence and Transfer; 4) Employment; 5) Nontraditional Participation; and 6) Nontraditional Completion. Performance goals are set at the state and local levels and progress is monitored based on a comparison between the actual percentage of students who master each performance area and the negotiated levels of performance. 2008-2009 Chaffey College Performance on Core Indicators The table below displays negotiated and actual core performance indicator levels for all Chaffey College students classified under the Licensed Vocational Nursing TOP code. Chaffey has performed above negotiated levels on 3 of the 6 core performance indicators.

Core Performance Indicators Negotiated Level

Chaffey College Performance

Percent Above or Below District

Negotiated Level State District

Licensed Vocational Nursing

Core 1 – Technical Skill Attainment 88.81% 90.54% 92.94% 2.4

Core 2 – Completions- Credential, Certificate, Degree, or Transfer Ready 82.05% 82.05% 100.00% 18.0

Core 3 – Persistence and Transfer 85.96% 85.96% 76.47% -9.5

Core 4 – Employment 82.21% 82.21% 68.00% -14.2

Core 5a – Non-traditional Participation 20.37% 20.37% 5.88% -14.5

Core 5b – Non-traditional Completions 22.10% 22.42% 0.00% -22.4

Source: CA Community Colleges Reporting Services, Licensed Vocational Nursing, College Core Indicator Information by 6-Digit TOP (2011-2012 Fiscal Year Planning).

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Map of Selected Regional Employers and Competitor Institutions

Together, General Medical and Surgical Hospitals and Nursing Care Facilities employ approximately 53% of Licensed Vocational Nurses in the state of California. Across all four counties of interest, there are 1,484 employers in these industries listed by the California Labor Market (914 in Los Angeles County, 244 in Orange County, 157 in Riverside County, and 169 in San Bernardino County). This map illustrates the location of each of these employers. Also included are the locations of Chaffey College and other competitor schools offering a degree or certificate in Licensed Vocational Nursing.