life after marc a metadata infrastructure for the 21st century
DESCRIPTION
Life After MARC A Metadata Infrastructure for the 21st Century. Roy Tennant. Non-ILS Metadata Systems. Electronic research databases. Institutional Repositories. Silos Everywhere!. Archival Systems. Digital Library Collections. Pathfinders. Infrastructure Requirements. Versatility - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Roy TennantRoy Tennant
Life After MARCA Metadata Infrastructure for the 21st
Century
Life After MARCA Metadata Infrastructure for the 21st
Century
Archival Archival SystemsSystemsArchival Archival SystemsSystems
ElectronicElectronicresearchresearch
databasesdatabases
ElectronicElectronicresearchresearch
databasesdatabases
Institutional Institutional RepositoriesRepositoriesInstitutional Institutional RepositoriesRepositories
PathfindersPathfindersPathfindersPathfinders
DigitalDigitalLibraryLibrary
CollectionsCollections
DigitalDigitalLibraryLibrary
CollectionsCollections
Non-ILS Metadata SystemsNon-ILS Metadata Systems
Silos Everywher
e!
Silos Everywher
e!
Infrastructure RequirementsInfrastructure Requirements
• Versatility• Extensibility• Openness and Transparency• Low Threshold, High Ceiling• Cooperative Management
• Versatility• Extensibility• Openness and Transparency• Low Threshold, High Ceiling• Cooperative Management
Infrastructure RequirementsInfrastructure Requirements
• Modularity• Hierarchy• Granularity• Graceful in failure
• Modularity• Hierarchy• Granularity• Graceful in failure
A ProposalA Proposal
•Create a new bibliographic metadata infrastructure with the following characteristics…
•Create a new bibliographic metadata infrastructure with the following characteristics…
A Transfer SchemaA Transfer Schema
• An XML schema for ingesting, storing, and transferring multiple bibliographic metadata packages intact
• A current example: the Metadata Encoding and Transfer Syntax (METS) [ demo ]
• An XML schema for ingesting, storing, and transferring multiple bibliographic metadata packages intact
• A current example: the Metadata Encoding and Transfer Syntax (METS) [ demo ]
ONIXONIXONIXONIXMARCMARCMARCMARC
DublinDublinCoreCore
DublinDublinCoreCore VRAVRA
CoreCoreVRAVRACoreCore
ONIXONIXONIXONIX
MARCMARCMARCMARC
DublinDublinCoreCore
DublinDublinCoreCore
VRAVRACoreCoreVRAVRACoreCore
METSMETSMETSMETS
Bibliographic Schemata
Bibliographic Schemata
• We must be able to use a wide variety of metadata:• MARC records from libraries• MODS records from libraries and others• ONIX records from publishers• Dublin Core records from OAI repositories• VRA Core records from museums• etc.
• We must be able to use a wide variety of metadata:• MARC records from libraries• MODS records from libraries and others• ONIX records from publishers• Dublin Core records from OAI repositories• VRA Core records from museums• etc.
Application RulesApplication Rules
• The “AACR2” of our new infrastructure
• Rules and guidelines for use:• General application rules• Schema-specific rules
• The “AACR2” of our new infrastructure
• Rules and guidelines for use:• General application rules• Schema-specific rules
Best PracticesBest Practices
• Implementation practices — “on the ground” rules of thumb and procedures
• Everything should not be codified in application rules — room should be allowed for experimentation
• In these “gray areas” best practices can suggest non-prescriptive and reasonable sets of procedures
• Implementation practices — “on the ground” rules of thumb and procedures
• Everything should not be codified in application rules — room should be allowed for experimentation
• In these “gray areas” best practices can suggest non-prescriptive and reasonable sets of procedures
CrosswalksCrosswalks
• Librarians should be able to deal with metadata of many varieties
• Proficiency will require crosswalks, or algorithms for translating metadata from one schema to another
• The same infrastructure could be used to merge multiple formats into a searchable index
• Librarians should be able to deal with metadata of many varieties
• Proficiency will require crosswalks, or algorithms for translating metadata from one schema to another
• The same infrastructure could be used to merge multiple formats into a searchable index
Enrichment ServicesEnrichment Services
• Enriching metadata with additional information
• Examples:• Book cover art• Tables of contents• Book reviews
• See http://www.loc.gov/standards/catenrich/ for more information
• Enriching metadata with additional information
• Examples:• Book cover art• Tables of contents• Book reviews
• See http://www.loc.gov/standards/catenrich/ for more information
Tool SetsTool Sets
• Tools to help us manage and manipulate metadata
• Examples:• XSLT Stylesheets• Crosswalking code (e.g., OCLC’s Metadata
Switch service)• OCLC’s FRBR algorithm
• Tools to help us manage and manipulate metadata
• Examples:• XSLT Stylesheets• Crosswalking code (e.g., OCLC’s Metadata
Switch service)• OCLC’s FRBR algorithm
Relationships to Other Standards and Protocols
Relationships to Other Standards and Protocols
• A rich metadata infrastructure will interoperate with a wide range of standards and protocols
• Examples:• OAI-PMH• SOAP (REST)
• A rich metadata infrastructure will interoperate with a wide range of standards and protocols
• Examples:• OAI-PMH• SOAP (REST)
ChallengesChallenges
• Adapting to a diversity of record formats
• Crosswalking and Merging• System migration• Staff retooling• Your favorite challenge here…
• Adapting to a diversity of record formats
• Crosswalking and Merging• System migration• Staff retooling• Your favorite challenge here…
Making the TransitionMaking the Transition
• Any solution will need to accommodate MARC• Some libraries are already leading the way (e.g.,
OCLC)• Some vendors are already leading the way (e.g.,
moving to XML-aware database systems)• Initial ILS transition may be mostly transparent
(i.e., same functionality, different infrastructure)• The difficulty does not lie with technology, but
with people and procedures
• Any solution will need to accommodate MARC• Some libraries are already leading the way (e.g.,
OCLC)• Some vendors are already leading the way (e.g.,
moving to XML-aware database systems)• Initial ILS transition may be mostly transparent
(i.e., same functionality, different infrastructure)• The difficulty does not lie with technology, but
with people and procedures
Why It MattersWhy It Matters
• We face many challenges and opportunities• Our once robust metadata infrastructure is now
jaded — both conceptually and technically• Our users and the services we wish to provide
them demand a metadata infrastructure equal to the tasks before us
• We must renew our bibliographic infrastructure!
• We face many challenges and opportunities• Our once robust metadata infrastructure is now
jaded — both conceptually and technically• Our users and the services we wish to provide
them demand a metadata infrastructure equal to the tasks before us
• We must renew our bibliographic infrastructure!