life safety plans - means of egress

L i f e S a f e t y P l a n s

Means of EgressFLAD TECHNICAL TRAINING (12.01.2016)

Presentation OUTLINE• WHY … do we provide LSPs ?

• WHAT … should be included in LSPs ?

• WHO … should contribute to LSPs ?

• WHEN … should we develop LSPs ?

• HOW … should we develop LSPs ?

• LSP Focus : MEANS OF EGRESS

12 . 01 . 2016 FLAD TECHNICAL TRAINING : LSP - MEANS OF EGRESS 2

WHY … do we provide LSPs ?


WHY … do we provide LSPs ?Building Codes (2015 IBC)



A201 - General Conditions of the Contract for Construction (2007)

◦ 1.1.1 THE CONTRACT DOCUMENTS

◦ “ … consist of the Agreement, Conditions of the Contract (General, Supplementary and other Conditions), Drawings, Specifications, Addenda issued prior to execution of the Contract … “


WHY … do we provide LSPs ?State Requirements

"Conditionally Approved" means that the plans substantially conform to the codes, with any exceptions noted in the approval letter.


WHY … do we provide LSPs ?State Licensure Requirements

Plan Approval Application

DESIGNER STATEMENT

[Wis. Admin. Code §§ SPS 361.20, 361.31(1) and 361.40]:

The designer indicated on this form is responsible for preparing or supervising the preparation of the plans, attests to the best of his/her knowledge that this submittal is accurate, and complies with the applicable codes of the Department of Safety and Professional Services and the Department of Health Services.


WHY … do we provide LSPs ?State Licensure Requirements

OFFICE OF PLANS AND CONSTRUCTION

INFORMATION FOR PROJECT REVIEW

Life Safety Plans :

Provide single-sheet floor plans showing ◦ fire and smoke compartmentation,

◦ all means of egress,

◦ fire rated walls,

◦ the longest exit distances,

◦ the furthest travel distance from any point to cross corridor smoke doors,

◦ standpipe locations,

◦ fire extinguishers,

◦ and exit light locations.

Additionally, dimension compartments, calculate and tabulate exit inches.


WHY … do we provide LSPs ?


WHY … do we provide LSPs ?Standard of Care

◦ Legal term : “expectation”

◦ Expects the architect to merely perform his or her services in the same manner that other architects with similar experience, background, and education would perform under similar circumstances.

◦ Involves judgment : perfection is not expected

◦ Relative measure, not an absolute measure

Professional Negligence

◦ Owner (plaintiff) must prove architect acted “below the standard of care”

◦ Architect does not have to prove their competence … EXCEPT … if the problem resulted directly from a building code violation in the design.


WHAT … should be included in LSPs ?


WHAT … should be included in LSPs ?Determine SCOPE of Project : IBC

◦ New Construction (NC)

◦ Addition to Existing (AD)

◦ Renovation to Existing

◦ Alteration Level 1 (A1)



◦ Change of Occupancy (CO)

Determine SCOPE of Project : LSC

◦ New Construction (NC)

◦ Classifications of Rehabilitation Work (Ch 43)

◦ Repair (RP)

◦ Renovation (RN)

◦ Modification (MD)

◦ Reconstruction (RC)

◦ Change of Use (CU)

◦ Change of Occupancy (CO)

◦ Addition (AD)



� Project Data & Building Data

� Means of Egress

� FRR & Compartmentalization

� Occupancy Classifications & Occupant Load


WHAT … should be included in LSPs ?PROJECT DATA

◦ Owner - Name & Address

◦ Project - Name & Address

◦ Regulatory

◦ Building Codes

◦ ICC

◦ NFPA

◦ State

◦ Municipal

◦ Accessibility

◦ State & Federal

◦ Owner Requirements

BUILDING DATA

◦ Scope of Project

◦ Number of Stories

◦ Building Height (above Grade Plane)

◦ Grade Plane Elevation

◦ High-Rise?

◦ Building Area

◦ Fire Protection Systems

◦ Construction Classification

◦ Building Elements FRR

◦ Exterior Walls

◦ Fire Separation Distance


WHAT … should be included in LSPs ?MEANS OF EGRESS

◦ Exit Access

◦ Exits

◦ Exit Discharges

◦ Travel Distances

◦ Maximum Travel Distance (to an Exit)

◦ Common Path of Egress Travel

◦ Dead-End Corridors (Feet)

◦ Occupant Load Capacities

◦ By room and space

◦ By stories

◦ By M of E Components

◦ Stairways & Others (Corridors & Doors)

COMPARTMENTALIZATION

◦ Fire-Resistant Ratings (FRR)

◦ Corridors

◦ Interior Exit Stairways (IES)

◦ Vertical Openings (VO)

◦ Hazardous Areas

◦ Fire Compartments

◦ Smoke Compartments


WHAT … should be included in LSPs ?OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATIONS

◦ Separated vs Non-Separated

◦ Accessory Occupancies

◦ Incidental Uses

OCCUPANT LOAD (OL)

◦ Means of Egress

◦ Number of Exits & Means of Egress

◦ Required vs Provided

◦ Capacity of Exits & Means of Egress

◦ Stairways (0.# Multiplier)

◦ Other Components (0.# Multiplier)


◦ Plumbing Fixture Determination

◦ WCs & Lavs & DFs





Project Data

Building Data

Means of Egress

FRR

Compartmentalization

Occupancy

Classifications

Occupant

Load

WHAT … should be included in LSPs ?Means of Egress

◦ Project Data

◦ Regulatory - which Codes are applicable to the project?

◦ Building Data

◦ Number of Stories - limitations to (1) Exit

◦ High Rise

◦ FRR

◦ Fire-Resistance Ratings of

◦ Corridors

◦ Interior Exit Stairways/Ramps

◦ Vertical Openings

Means of Egress

◦ Compartmentalization

◦ Fire Areas - Horizontal Exits

◦ Smoke Compartments - Health Care

◦ Occupancy Classifications

◦ Travel Distances by Occupancy(s)

◦ Exit Access


◦ Dead-End

◦ Hardware Requirements & Restrictions

◦ Delayed Egress

◦ Panic Hardware

◦ Occupant Load :

◦ Number of Exits

◦ Capacity of Exits and other Means of Egress


WHO … should contribute to LSPs ?


WHO … should contribute to LSPs ?Design Team Responsibilities

◦ Civil & Landscape : Fire Department access to site + Exit Discharge to Public Way

◦ Structural : Design Loads + Bearing Walls (FRR)

◦ Fire Protection : Automatic Sprinkler/Alarm Systems

◦ Plumbing : Incidental Use Areas (Boiler Rooms)

◦ Mechanical : Fire & Smoke Dampers

◦ Electrical : Illumination of Means of Egress

◦ Others : Hardware Suppliers - Delayed Egress Locks + Panic Hardware

Q : Should Life Safety Plans be a G-sheet (General) or an A-sheet (Architectural)?


WHO … should contribute to LSPs ?Owner (O)

◦ Site Survey

◦ Accurate information?

◦ Use of Building : Program

◦ Examples :

◦ Storage of hazardous materials?

◦ Shell Space = Storage Use

◦ Maintain Life Safety Plans

◦ Change of Use

◦ 50% of LSP are not correct (Joint Commission)

Contractor (C)

◦ A201 – paragraph 3.7.3

◦ “ … not the Contractor’s responsibility to

ascertain that the Contract Documents are in accordance with applicable laws, statutes,

ordinances, building codes, and rules and regulations … “

Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)

◦ Plan Reviews (Permit)

◦ Code Interpretations

◦ Inspections (Occupancy)


WHEN … should we develop LSPs ?


WHEN … should we develop LSPs ?SCHEMATIC DESIGN

MEANS OF EGRESS◦ Exit Access

◦ Exits

◦ Exit Discharges




◦ Dead-End Corridors



◦ By stories




WHEN … should we develop LSPs ?DESIGN DEVELOPMENT


◦ Exits

◦ Exit Discharges







◦ By stories




WHEN … should we develop LSPs ?CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS


◦ Exits

◦ Exit Discharges







◦ By stories




HOW … should we develop LSPs ?


HOW … should we develop LSPs ?Project Data

Building Data

Means of Egress

Fire-Resistant Ratings


Occupancy Classifications

Occupant Load

Written vs Graphics

Revit vs Bluebeam



Building Data

Means of Egress




Occupant Load



Building Data

Means of Egress




Occupant Load

Written vs Graphics

Revit vs Bluebeam




Bluebeam and Excel

Cons

◦ Not linked to the Model

◦ Areas need to be manually inputted*

Pros

◦ Say it once ... Show it once

◦ LS information located on a single sheet or G-series

◦ Graphics scale as needed

◦ Excel calculations easier than Revit tables

Revit

Pros◦ Arch Model + LSP Model = Same

◦ Partition’s rating can be displayed in any view

◦ Area Plans can generate calculated totals

Cons◦ Graphic Limitations

◦ B/W vs Color

◦ Scaled Linetypes (Partitions)

◦ Shared Models

◦ Structural - Concrete Walls

◦ CAD Drawings - inserted into model

◦ Legacy CAD Projects - inserted into Model

HOW … should we develop LSPs ?Revit


HOW … should we develop LSPs ?Bluebeam




BluebeamRevit

HOW … should we develop LSPs ?Revit


HOW … should we develop LSPs ?Excel


LSP Legends : Flad Template


LSP Legends : Flad Projects


LSP Focus

MEANS OF EGRESS


LSP Focus : Means of Egress




Exit Access Exit Exit DischargePublic Way

Definitions : Exit Access


Unoccupied Spaces = Crawl Spaces, Attics, Penthouses, and Elevated Platforms

Diagram : Occupiable Space & Exit Access


Diagrams : Exit Access


Requirements : Corridors


Requirements : Corridors - Public vs Staff


Requirements : Aisles & Aisle Accessways


Flad M of E Legend : Exit Access


Definitions : Travel Distances


Requirements : Travel Distances (Exit Access)


Requirements : Travel Distances (CP of ET)



Madison to Rockford : 74.1 MilesMadison to Halfway

37 MilesRockford to Halfway

37 Miles

Diagrams : Travel Distances


Requirements : Exits


Flad M of E Legend : Exit & Exit Discharge



Exception :

Automatic

Sprinkler

AND

an Emergency

Voice/Alarm

Communication

System

Presentation SUMMARY• WHY … do we provide LSPs ?

• WHAT … should be included in LSPs ?

• WHO … should contribute to LSP’s ?

• WHEN … should we develop LSPs ?

• HOW … should we develop LSPs ?

• LSP Focus : MEANS OF EGRESS


L i f e S a f e t y P l a n s

Means of EgressT H A N K Y O U F O R A T T E N D I N G

… and now for some algebra ….EXAMPLE : Story = 23800 sf

Occupant Load = 320 occupants

◦ Mechanical = 1033 sf = (4) occupants

◦ Storage = 243 sf = (1) occupant

◦ Subtotal = 1276 sf = (5) occupants

◦ Business + Assembly

◦ (320) – (5) = (315) occupants

◦ 23800 – 1276 = 22,254 sf

X (Business @ 100 occ/sf)

+

Y (Assembly @ 15 occ/sf) = 22,254 sf

100X + 15Y = 22254

X + Y = 315 occupants

X = (315 – Y)

(315 – Y)100 + Y(15) = 22254

31500 – 100Y + 15Y = 22254

85Y = 9254

Y = 108 occupants x 15 sf/occ = 1631 sf of “assembly” use

22254 – 1631 = 20623 sf of “business” use

20623/100 = 207 occupants (business)
