lifetime fitness: ch 1
DESCRIPTION
Wellness Concepts and Applications, 8th EditionTRANSCRIPT
WELLNESS - A LIFETIME APPROACH
Chapter 1
Objectives
Define wellness and factors that influence attaining it
List seven areas which comprise the holistic view of wellness
List and define six steps to changing behavior and name the model
An active process through which people become aware of, and make choices towards, a more successful existence.
It is a process – not a goal
It implies choice, a way of life
It suggests what you believe, feel and do have an influence on your health
Wellness Defined
Components of Wellness
Spiritual—Belief in a source of value that transcends the boundaries of self, but also nurtures the self; provides meaning and direction
Social—The ability to interact successfully with people and with one’s personal environment
Physical—The ability to carry out daily tasks, develop cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, maintain adequate nutrition and a healthy body fat level, and avoid abusing drugs and alcohol
Environmental—The ability to promote health measures that improve the standard of living and quality of life in the community
Occupational—The ability to achieve a balance between work and leisure
Emotional—The ability to control stress and to express emotions appropriately and comfortably
Intellectual—The ability to learn and use information effectively for personal, family, and career development
Intellectual wellness implies:
•Overcoming the health-behavior gap
•Possessing an internal locus of control
•Having a strong sense of self-efficacy
Lifestyle diseases—The most serious health problem in today’s society
Chronic diseases include heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and hypertension
Accidents, homicides, and suicides are leading killers among 15- to 24-year-olds
The Wellness Challenge
Despite bioterrorism and the global spread of new viruses:
The real threats to human life involve:
• Diet
•Physical activity
• Personal health habits
The risk factor most strongly associated with preventable death and chronic disease
Diet and physical inactivityNext highest risk factor for smokers
Highest risk factor for nonsmokers
Smoking
Physical activity - Vigorous activity in adolescents and moderate physical activity in adults
Overweight and obesity – Maintaining of proper weight for adolescents and adults
Tobacco use – Stopping or not starting smoking by adolescents and adults
Substance abuse – Refraining from alcohol and illicit drugs use by adolescents and adults
Responsible sexual behavior – Responsible sexual behavior
Healthy People 2010- Govt ReportLeading Health Indicators (LHIs)
Mental health – Treatment for those with recognized depression
Injury and violence – Reduce deaths from motor vehicle crashes and homicides
Environmental quality – Ozone pollution exposure/tobacco smoke
Immunization - Children and high risk adults
Access to health care – Person have insurance and prenatal care
LHIs Continued
Health behavior is learned, and can be changed
Forces that shape behavior
• Family, role models, and social norms
•Advertising
• Psychological needs
• Reactance motivation
Achieving Lifestyle Change
A SELF-HELP APPROACH assumes that individuals can manage their lifestyle change and learn to control environmental factors that are detrimental to health
Any approach requires time and planning
You Are Responsible
TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL
OF BEHAVIOR CHANGE
Precontemplation stageNo behavior change is planned
Person may be unaware of need for change or feels he or she can’t change
Contemplation stageAware of problem behaviors
Not willing to commit effort to change at this time
Preparation stage—Planning to take action
Assess current behavior
Set Goals
S.M.A. R.T. - specific, measurable, accurate, realistic, and trackable
Realize that change is permanent
Action stage —Overt changes are made in behavior, experiences, or environment
Rewards and incentives are important elements
Strategies for change:Countering is one of most powerful strategies
Changing the environment
• avoidance; the elimination of associated circumstances
Contracting with oneself
Maintenance stage — Goal is to retain the gains and prevent relapse
Termination stage —The point at which problem behavior is no longer tempting
Review: Six Stages of Change
PrecontemplationContemplation
PreparationAction
MaintenanceTermination
Nice Pecs!
P atienceE ffortC onsistencyS upport