light dependent reactions light independent reactions
TRANSCRIPT
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Light dependent reactions
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Light Independent reactions
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Alternate pathways(in
CO2 fixation)
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Glycolysis and Fermentation
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Krebs Cycle
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ETC
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Light Reaction
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Dark Reaction
Alternate Pathways
Glycolysis &Fermentation
KrebsCycle
ETC
Double Jeopardy!
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Topic 1
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The ATP and NADPH produced during light reactions diffuse into
the -----------.
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Topic 1
Back
Stroma
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What is the name of the process that leads to release of oxygen?
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Photolysis of water
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Which process occurs both in
photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
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Chemiosmosis (?P)
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What is the process that generates only ATP and no NADPH? Where does this
occur?
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Cyclic photophosphorylation. Both in thylakoids and
frets.
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What are the most abundant cells in leaves? Name any
three more different cells in leaves.
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Mesophyll cells;Guard cells, xylem,
phloem, bundle sheath cells, etc.
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Name the fluid in which dark reactions occur.
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Stroma
Topic 2
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What are the three requirements for Calvin
cycle?
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ATP, NADPH and carbon dioxide.
Topic 2
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Name the three phases in Calvin cycle.
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Carbon Fixation, reduction and regeneration
Topic 2
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What accepts carbon dioxide first in Calvin cycle and what is the first stable
compound formed from it?
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RuDP and PGA
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We know Calvin cycle requires products
from light reaction. Is there such a
dependence of light reactions on dark reactions? Why or
Why not?
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Yes when Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH they regenerate ADP and NADP to be used
in light reactions.
Topic 2
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What is the difference between C3 and C4
plants?
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The first stable compound is PGA(3C) in C3 and OAA(4C) in
C4 plants.
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What is the wasteful process that is
avoided by C4 and CAM plants?
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Photorespiration
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What is photorespiration and
what are the disadvantages of the
same?
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Occurs in light consuming oxygen
and energy producing carbondioxide. This
diverts the RuDP from carbon fixation.
Topic 3
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Describe Kranz anatomy
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The unique leaf anatomy in C4 plants where Calvin cycle is confined to bundle
sheath cells whereas the mesophyll cells convert CO2 into
organic compounds in Hatch & Slach
pathway.
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What are the key differences between C4
and CAM plants?
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C4 plants have a spatial separation(Kranz anatomy) whereas CAM plants have
a temporal separation between day and night.
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What are the two phases of Glycolysis?
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Energy investment and energy payoff phases.
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What is the fate of pyruvate when
mitochondria are absent.
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It is partially broken down by
fermentation.
Topic 4
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What is the advantage of partial breakdown of pyruvate through
fermentation?
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It enables the production of NAD to be used in glycolysis.
Topic 4
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What are the two types of fermentation? Give an example for each.
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Alcoholic and Lactic acid fermentations.In
Bacteria and exercising muscles
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Compare and contrast between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Topic 4
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In aerobic respiration glucose is completely broken down into CO2
and water using oxygen inside
mitochondria to make as many as 38 ATPs.
Topic 4
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What is the intermediate step
between Glycolysis and Krebs cycle?
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Conversion of pyruvate into acetyl Co-A.
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What is the product of cellular respiration
that is formed during Krebs cycle?
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CO2
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What is the first formed acid in Krebs cycle? What are the two
reactants that combine to form this
acid?
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Citric acid, by the combining of
Oxaloacetate with Acetyl Co-A.
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What is the energy outcome of Krebs
cycle for every glucose molecule that
is oxidized.
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6NADH, 2FADH2 and 2ATPs
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Name the molecules that conserve most of the energy from the citric acid cycle that can be used to make
ATP.
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NAHD and FADH2
Topic 5
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An efficient Cellular respiration requires
which organelle? Why?
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Mitochondria; to maximize energy
outcome.
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What is the energy difference between NADH and FADH2?
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When 3 ATPs are formed from each NADH, only 2 ATPs
are made from FADH2 on ETC.
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Acetyl CoA starts the Krebs Acid Cycle by
making -----------
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Citrate
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The ETC and chemiosmosis are a part of what greater process in the cristae of
mitochondria? Where else do you come across a
similar process.
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Oxidative phosphorylation
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Topic 6
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NADH to form lactate
Topic 6
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DoubleJeopardy!!!
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS
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PLANT SYSTEMS
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ANIMAL SYSTEMS
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BIOTECHNOLOGY
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ECOLOGY
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CELLS
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS
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PLANTSYSTEMS
ANIMALSYSTEMS
BIOTECHNOLOGY ECOLOGY CELLS
Final Jeopardy!
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$800 $800 $800 $800 $800 $800
$1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000
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Plants use what part of the electromagnetic
spectrum for photosynthesis?
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Visible light
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What are the three pigments of
photosynthesis?
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Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and
carotenoids
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Which photosystem does photosystem
start in (linear election flow)?
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Photosystem II
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Which type of plant has bundle-sheath cells, mesophyll cells, and
PEP carboxylase?
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C4 plants
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What are the three phases of the Calvin Cycle?
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Carbon Fixation, Reduction,
Regeneration of CO2 receptor RuBP
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Plants reproduce through?
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pollination
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After embryo development, what is
left?
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A seed in dormancy
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What does germination depend on?
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Imbibition- the uptake of water
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What change occurs when a shoot reaches
sunlight?
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De-etiolation (greening)
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Which hormone stimulates stem
elongation?
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auxin
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Birds and mammals are primarily ______ while reptiles are ________.
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Endothermic; ectothermic
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What is protease?
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Protein- digesting enzyme
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Do veins or arteries carry oxygenated
blood?
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veins
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What are the most numerous blood cells?
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Erythrocytes or red blood cells
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What is another name for high density lipoprotein?
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Good cholesterol
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What is a plasmid?
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Circular DNA that replicate separately from the bacterial
chromosome
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What are sticky ends?
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When restriction enzymes leave staggered cuts
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What is the Latin word applied to plasmids in
biotechnology?
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vector
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How do you tell which lane in gel
electrophoresis matches the original
DNA?
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It will line up most closely with the
original DNA upon measurement.
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What is involved in Southern blotting?
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Introduction of radioactive single stranded DNA
molecule which is complementary to the
gene of interest
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What are abiotic factors?
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Anything nonliving (i.e. Temperature,
water, salinity, sunlight, rocks and
soil)
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Which aquatic biome relies on the ebb and
flow of tides?
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Intertidal zones
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What variables are used in the mark and recapture equation?
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X= #of marked animals recaptured
n= total # animals recaptured 2nd day
m=#of animals marked and released 1st day
N= estimated population size
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What shows the proportion or
numbers in a cohort still alive at each age?
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Survivorship curve
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What are the two types of reproduction and what do
they each mean?
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Semelparity- one time reproduction
iteroparity- repeated reproduction
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Which organelle has smooth and rough
regions?
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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What do plant cells have that animal cells
do not?
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Cell wall
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Which organelle manufactures, packages,
and ships various molecules and proteins?
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Golgi apparatus
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Stacked thylakoids are called what?
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Granum
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What are the types of intercellular animal tissue
junctions?
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Tight junctions, desmosomes, and
gap junctions
Topic 12
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FinalJeopardy!!!
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What makes water so special in nature?
Final Jeopardy!!!
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Hydrogen Bonds
Final Jeopardy!!!