light exotic hadrons at compass · 2020. 9. 30. · spin-exotic π 1 (1600): (re-) observed by...
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Bernhard KetzerRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
Workshop on Light Quark Exotics (Snowmass 2021 Planning)
30 September 2020
Light Exotic Hadrons
at COMPASS
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Light Meson Spectrum
B. Ketzer
[B. Ketzer et al., Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 113, 103755 (2020)]Relativistic Quark Model: [D. Ebert et al., Phys. Rev. D 79, 114029 (2009)]
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 2
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The COMPASS Experiment
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 3
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The COMPASS Experiment
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 4
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The COMPASS Experiment
SM1
SM2
Beam
MuonWall
MuonWall
E/HCAL
E/HCAL
RICHTarget
[COMPASS, P. Abbon et al., NIM A 779, 69 (2015)]Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 5
Two-stage spectrometerDipole magnetsTracking detectorsRICHEl.-mag. calorimeterHadronic calorimeterMuon identification
B. Ketzer
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𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 Final State - PWA
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 6
Total intensity 1++ Waves
• Largest wave-set to date: 88 waves• Independent fits in 100 bins (20 MeV) of 𝑚𝑚3𝜋𝜋 and 11 bins of 𝑡𝑡𝑡
[COMPASS, C. Adolph et al., PRD 95, 032004 (2017)]
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Light Meson Spectrum
B. Ketzer
[B. Ketzer et al., Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 113, 103755 (2020)]Relativistic Quark Model: [D. Ebert et al., Phys. Rev. D 79, 114029 (2009)]
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 7
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Light Meson Spectrum
B. Ketzer
[B. Ketzer et al., Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 113, 103755 (2020)]Relativistic Quark Model: [D. Ebert et al., Phys. Rev. D 79, 114029 (2009)]
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 8
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New a1(1420)
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 9
[C. Adolph et al., COMPASS, PRL 115, 082001 (2015)]
• Data described well by Breit-Wigner and non-resonant background
• Parameters for BW:𝑀𝑀0 = 1414−13+15 MeV/cΓ0 = 153−23+8 MeV/𝑐𝑐
• Not an artefact of analysis (↗ freed isobar fit)
B. Ketzer
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Interpretations
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 10
• Tetraquark state [Z.-G. Wang (2014), H.-X.Chen et al. (2015), T. Gutsche et al. (2017)]
B. Ketzer
𝑞𝑞 𝑞𝑞
�𝑞𝑞 �𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞 8 �𝑞𝑞�𝑞𝑞 8
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Interpretations
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 11
• Tetraquark state [Z.-G. Wang (2014), H.-X.Chen et al. (2015), T. Gutsche et al. (2017)]• 𝐾𝐾∗ �𝐾𝐾 molecule [T. Gutsche et al. (2017)]
B. Ketzer
�𝑞𝑞 �𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞 𝑞𝑞
𝜋𝜋,𝜎𝜎𝜌𝜌,𝜔𝜔 𝑞𝑞�𝑞𝑞 0 𝑞𝑞�𝑞𝑞 0
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Interpretations
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 12
• Tetraquark state [Z.-G. Wang (2014), H.-X.Chen et al. (2015), T. Gutsche et al. (2017)]• 𝐾𝐾∗ �𝐾𝐾 molecule [T. Gutsche et al. (2017)]• Interference of Deck 𝜌𝜌𝜋𝜋 𝑆𝑆 and 𝑓𝑓0𝜋𝜋 𝑃𝑃-wave [J.-L. Basdevant et al. (2015)]
,𝑓𝑓0
B. Ketzer
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Interpretations
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 13
• Tetraquark state [Z.-G. Wang (2014), H.-X.Chen et al. (2015), T. Gutsche et al. (2017)]• 𝐾𝐾∗ �𝐾𝐾 molecule [T. Gutsche et al. (2017)]• Interference of Deck 𝜌𝜌𝜋𝜋 𝑆𝑆 and 𝑓𝑓0𝜋𝜋 𝑃𝑃-wave [J.-L. Basdevant et al. (2015)]• Triangle singularity [M. Mikhasenko et al., PRD 91, 094015 (2015), F. Aceti, PRD 94, 096015 (2016)]
− Decay of wide 𝑎𝑎1 1260 → 𝐾𝐾∗�𝐾𝐾 above threshold− Final-state rescattering of 𝐾𝐾�𝐾𝐾 to 𝑓𝑓0 980
logarithmic singularity of amplitude if particles close to mass shell
B. Ketzer
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Triangle Amplitude
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 14
Scalar case:
• dispersive approach• all particles treated as scalars• finite width of K* included
Take into account spins:
• partial-wave projection method
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Comparison TS - BW
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 15
• Similar 𝜒𝜒red2 for both fits (slightly better for triangle) • No new free parameters for a1(1420) signal by triangle mechanism
[COMPASS, M.G. Alexeev et al., subm. to PRL, arXiv:2006.05342]
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Comparison TS - BW
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 16
• Phase motion of pure triangle diagram is only ~ 90°• Observed phase motion close to 180° produced by shift due to background
B. Ketzer
[COMPASS, M.G. Alexeev et al., subm. to PRL, arXiv:2006.05342]
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Contribution of other Graphs
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 17
• Why not include direct decay 𝑎𝑎1 1260 → 𝑓𝑓0 980 𝜋𝜋?• What about contributions from other triangles, e.g. 𝜌𝜌𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋?
• intensity of other graphs much smaller than K triangle (scaled down 20×), because only K triangle produces log. singularity on 2nd Riemann sheet, all others on 3rd sheet or higher ⇒ effect at threshold small
• no sharp phase motion at 1.4 GeV
[COMPASS, M.G. Alexeev et al., subm. to PRL, arXiv:2006.05342]
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Contribution of other Graphs
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 18
Summary for a1(1420)• Peak and phase motion are not unique sign of
a resonance!• a1(1420) signal can be fully described with
a1(1260) as source and rescattering via triangle diagram
• Old theoretical concept, now data allow toclearly observe this!
• Intensity of signal ~1%, in agreement withexperiment
• Cannot completely exclude additional pole due to 𝐾𝐾∗ �𝐾𝐾 resonance
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Light Meson Spectrum
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 19
[B. Ketzer et al., Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 113, 103755 (2020)]Relativistic Quark Model: [D. Ebert et al., Phys. Rev. D 79, 114029 (2009)]
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Hybrids: Lattice QCD
[J. Dudek et al., Hadron Spectrum Collaboration, Phys. Rev. D 88, 094505 (2013)]
negative parity
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 20B. Ketzer
positive parity
exotic
Hybrids:• excitation of gluonic degrees of freedom• angular momentum in flux tube• hybrids also predicted by models
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1−+ Partial Wave
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 21
Bad description of data without 1−+ resonance 𝜋𝜋1(1600) needed to describe data
[M. Aghasyan et al. (COMPASS), Phys. Rev. D 98, 092003 (2018)]
𝑀𝑀0 = 1600−60+110 MeV/𝑐𝑐2
Γ0 = 580−230+100 MeV/𝑐𝑐2
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ηπ− / η’π− Final States
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 22
[C. Adolph (COMPASS), Phys. Lett. B 740, 303 (2015) ]
Forward 𝜂𝜂(′) Backward 𝜂𝜂(′)
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ηπ− / η’π− Final States
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 23
[C. Adolph (COMPASS), Phys. Lett. B 740, 303 (2015) ]
P wave P wave
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Extraction of Poles
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 24
[A. Rodas et al. (JPAC), Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 042002 (2019)]
o Data from
• Analytical model based on S-matrix theory• Test case: 𝜂𝜂𝜋𝜋 𝐷𝐷-wave• Unitarity
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Extraction of Poles
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 25
[A. Rodas et al. (JPAC), Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 042002 (2019)]
• only a single pole needed todescribe both ηπ and η′π peaks
• consistent with π1(1600)
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Summary for 𝟑𝟑𝟏𝟏
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 26
• Resonant nature of signal in 𝐽𝐽𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 1− + established from COMPASS 3𝜋𝜋data
• Coupled-channel analysis for 𝜂𝜂𝜋𝜋 and 𝜂𝜂′𝜋𝜋 using a unitary model onlyrequires one single pole to describe P-wave peaks at 1.4 and 1.6 GeV
• Fit allows to extract pole position of lightest hybrid meson for first time
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Conclusions
Hadron spectroscopy is entering precision eraExtremely large data samples with 𝜋𝜋 and 𝜇𝜇 beams from COMPASSVery small statistical uncertainties for dominating resonances systematic model uncertainties dominate multi-dimensional PWA in bins of 𝑚𝑚𝑋𝑋 and 𝑡𝑡′
14 new PDG entries (Jan. 2019) based on COMPASS data (3 w/ JPAC)Small signals and effects can be studied for the first timeSpin-exotic π1(1600): (re-) observed by COMPASS resonant nature established one single pole sufficient to describe peaks at 1.4 and 1.6 GeV
New axial vector signal observed in 𝑎𝑎1(1420) → 𝑓𝑓0(980)𝜋𝜋 has all features of a genuine resonance data can be described by triangle singularity
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 27B. Ketzer
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Outlook
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 28
Strongly coupled QCD still far from being understood
Identify (exotic) multiplets and measure decay patterns
Need large data samples for
• complementary production mechanisms
• different final states
Advanced analysis methods
• simple BW fits may be misleading
• reaction models satisfying principles of S-matrix theory
Advances in Lattice QCD (multi-particle scattering states)
A new QCD facility is proposed at the M2 beamline of CERN SPS from 2022 onwards
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COMPASS++ / AMBER
B. Ketzer
https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.00848
Proton radius measurement using muon-proton elastic scatteringHard exclusive reactions using a muon beam and a transversely polarised targetDrell-Yan and charmonium productionMeasurement of antiproton production cross sections for Dark Matter SearchSpectroscopy with low-energy antiprotonsSpectroscopy of kaonsStudy of the gluon distribution in the kaon via prompt-photon productionLow-energy tests of QCD using Primakoff reactionsProduction of vector mesons and excited kaons off nuclei
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 29
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COMPASS++ / AMBER
B. Ketzer
https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.00848
Proton radius measurement using muon-proton elastic scatteringHard exclusive reactions using a muon beam and a transversely polarised targetDrell-Yan and charmonium productionMeasurement of antiproton production cross sections for Dark Matter SearchSpectroscopy with low-energy antiprotonsSpectroscopy of kaonsStudy of the gluon distribution in the kaon via prompt-photon productionLow-energy tests of QCD using Primakoff reactionsProduction of vector mesons and excited kaons off nuclei
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 30
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Kaon Beam: RF Separation
B. Ketzer
Panofsky-Schnell-System with two cavities (CERN 68-29)
• Particle species: same momenta but different velocities• Time-dependent transverse kick by RF cavities in dipole mode• RF1 kick compensated or amplified by RF2• Selection of particle species by selection of phase difference
∆Φ = 2π (L f / c) (β1-1 – β2-1)• For large momenta: β1-1 – β2-1 = (m12-m22)/2p2
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 31
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Kaon Excitation Spectrum
B. Ketzer
• 25 kaon states listed by PDG (𝑀𝑀 < 3.1 GeV), 13 of those need confirmation• many predicted quark-model states still missing• some hints for supernumerary states
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 32
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𝑲𝑲−𝟑𝟑−𝟑𝟑+ Final State
B. Ketzer
Study reaction 𝐾𝐾− + 𝑝𝑝 → 𝐾𝐾−𝜋𝜋−𝜋𝜋+ + 𝑝𝑝 by tagging beam kaons (2.4%)
⇒ access to all kaon states: 𝐾𝐾𝐽𝐽,𝐾𝐾𝐽𝐽∗
⇒ world‘s largest data set so far: 720 000 exclusive events
Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 33
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𝑲𝑲−𝟑𝟑−𝟑𝟑+ Final State - PWA
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 34
• 1+0+ 𝐾𝐾∗ 892 𝜋𝜋 𝑆𝑆 wave most dominant (~ 30% of total intensity)• 𝐾𝐾1(1270) and 𝐾𝐾1 1400 visible, but large syst. effects for 𝑚𝑚 < 1.5 GeV
(due to limited PID)• 𝐾𝐾1(1270) also visible in 1+0+ 𝜌𝜌𝐾𝐾 𝑆𝑆 wave, plus shoulder at ~1.6 GeV
(𝐾𝐾1 1650 ? )
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𝑲𝑲−𝟑𝟑−𝟑𝟑+ Final State - PWA
B. Ketzer Light Exotic Hadrons at COMPASS 35
• Broad peak and shoulder in 2−0+ 𝐾𝐾2∗ 1430 𝜋𝜋 𝑆𝑆 wave: 𝐾𝐾2(1770), 𝐾𝐾2(1820), 𝐾𝐾2 2250 ?
• Various structures in 2−0+𝐾𝐾∗ 892 𝜋𝜋 𝐹𝐹 and 2−0+ 𝜌𝜌𝐾𝐾 𝐹𝐹 waves• need PWA to clarify nature of observed signal
Goal for AMBER: collect 20 × 106 exclusive 𝐾𝐾−𝜋𝜋−𝜋𝜋+ events in one year
Light Exotic Hadrons�at COMPASSLight Meson SpectrumThe COMPASS ExperimentThe COMPASS ExperimentThe COMPASS Experiment𝟑𝝅 Final State - PWALight Meson SpectrumLight Meson SpectrumNew a1(1420)InterpretationsInterpretationsInterpretationsInterpretationsTriangle AmplitudeComparison TS - BWComparison TS - BWContribution of other GraphsContribution of other GraphsLight Meson SpectrumHybrids: Lattice QCD1−+ Partial Wavehp- / h’p- Final Stateshp- / h’p- Final StatesExtraction of PolesExtraction of PolesSummary for 𝝅 𝟏 ConclusionsOutlookCOMPASS++ / AMBERCOMPASS++ / AMBERKaon Beam: RF SeparationKaon Excitation Spectrum 𝑲 − 𝝅 − 𝝅 + Final State 𝑲 − 𝝅 − 𝝅 + Final State - PWA 𝑲 − 𝝅 − 𝝅 + Final State - PWA