Lighting

Artificial Light

Units of Measurement• Input Power – Watts• Light Output – Lumens• Efficacy* (of light source) – Lumens per watt• Efficiency (of a light fixture) – Stated as a

percentage• Light Levels (at work plane) – Footcandles

* The amount of energy service or useful energy delivered per unit of energy input. Often used in reference to lighting systems, where the visible

light output of a luminary is relative to power input; expressed in lumens per Watt; the higher the efficacy value, the higher the energy efficiency

Incandescent

Advantages of Incandescent • Inexpensive• Available Everywhere• User Familiarity• Easily Dimmed• Good Color (CRI)

Incandescent

Disadvantages• 20% of the energy consumed is

converted to light, the rest to heat

• Short lamp life – 850-1000 hours• Low efficacy rating (lumens per

watt)• They will be outlawed in the

future

Incandescent R Lamps

R20 incandescent bulb

Bulb-R20

Watts-50 or 75 Watts

Volts-120 Volts

Beam Type-Reflector

Base-Medium

Color-Inside Frost

Incandescent R Lamps

R20 reflector bulbLight Output-400 Lumens 

Energy Used- 50Watts 

Life-6,000  Avg. Hours

Volts-120 Volts 

Bulb Shape-R-20 

White CRI 80 

Color Temperature (Kelvin)2700K `

Halogen Lighting

Halogen• A more efficient incandescent source• Good “point source” illumination• Longer Lamp Life – regenerative cycle

Note: Regenerative cycle – As the filament heats up and tungsten particles are released they combine with bromine and are redeposited onto the filament when the lamp is turned off.

Halogen Lighting

par 38 halogen lamp

Watts-90

Volts-120 Volts

Beam Type- Flood

Beam Spread- 30°

Life Hours- 2,500

Base- Medium Skt.

MOL- 5 5/16"

Lumens- 1300

Filament Class- C,CC-8

Candlepower- 3,600

PAR = Parabolic Aluminized Reflector

Halogen Lighting

Bulb-PAR 20

Watts- 35

Volts- 120 Volts

Beam Type- Narrow Flood Tungsten Halogen Capsylite

Beam Spread- 30°

Life Hours- 2,500

Base- Medium

MOL- 3 1/4"

Lumens- 400

Candlepower- 900

PAR 20 halogen lamp

Halogen Lighting

Halogen Lighting

Halogen Lighting

MR16 low voltage halogen lampMR = metalized reflector lamp

Fluorescent Lighting

Linear FluorescentHow do they Work?• A ballast is needed to start the lamp and

then it quickly switch over to the operation mode

• An electric arc is passed between cathodes in a glass tube which excites mercury and other gasses and produces UV radiant energy. A phosphor coating on the tube then convert this energy to visible light.

• Different color temperatures, “warm white” through “cool white are achieved by adjusting the phosphor coating

Linear Florescent

Advantages• Long Lamp Life, 24,000 hours

plus• Energy Efficient• Lower Maintenance costs• High CRI, can be specified, 70, 80

or 90+

Linear Florescent

Linear Florescent

T-12 fluorescent tube light

• Light Output 960 lumens 

• Energy Used20 Watts 

• Life 9,000  Avg. Hours

• Temperature (Kelvin) 6500K

T-8 fluorescent tube

• Light Output 670 lumens 

• Energy Used 15 Watts

•  Life 9,000  Avg. HoursVolts 

• White CRI53 Color Temperature (Kelvin)3000K `

T-5 fluorescent tube light

• Light Output 1,895 Lumens 

• Energy Used Watts 

• Life20,000  Avg. Hours

• White CRI 85 

• Color Temperature (Kelvin)3000K `

Compact Fluorescent Lamps

Compact Fluorescent Lighting

Advantages• Available in many shapes and size,

wattage and versions– Self Balasted – Replaceable lamp versions– New GU24 Sockets

• Last 10,000 hours or longer• Use 70% less energy than standard

incandescent• High CRI (80+)• Price and quality is improving all the time

Compact Fluorescent Lighting

Disadvantages• Still more expensive than

incandescent (first cost)• Not as user friendly as incandescent

– Most can’t be dimmed or used with photosensors

– Usually shorter lamp life is from over heating (recessed cans, etc.)

• Requires disposal(all contain a little mercury)

Compact Fluorescent Lighting

Compact Fluorescent Lamps

Full Spectrum Fluorescent

87 CRI Up to 80% Savings Lasts 10 times longer

than incandescent Shows colors more

accurately with less glare 15 Watts = 70 Watts 20 Watts = 75 Watts25 Watts = 100 Watts

Use 40%

Compact Fluorescent Lighting

LED Lighting

Light Emitting Diode

low voltage LED

LED Under Cabinet Lighting

LED Under Cabinet Lighting

Warm white (2800K) or neutral white (3500K) LEDs

• Clear or frosted lens

• 50,000 hour LED life at 70% lumen maintenance

• Only ⅝” profile

• 15vDC driver ordered separately 20w, 30w, 35w, 60w or 75w hardwire driver or 6w, 15w, 24w, or 40w plug-in driver

LED DownlightingCREE LED Lighting LPR 38• 13.5 Watts• Replaces 90W• 80 lumens per Watt• SACRIFICE NOTHING• 1000 lumens @ 3000K• 950 lumens @ 2700K• 25° Beam Angle• 4000 CBCP• 92 CRI• 3000K, 2700K• Dimmable to 20%• REDUCE MAINTENANCE COSTS• Designed to last 50,000 hours (open)

•Designed to last 35,000 hours (non-IC) 

*CBCP = Center Beam Candlepower

More LED Lighting

CREE LBR 3012 WattsEquivalent to 60W BR30 50 lumens per Watt600 lumens25 and 50 Degree Beam Angles94 CRI2700KREDUCE MAINTENANCE COSTSDesigned to last 50,000 hours (open)Designed to last 35,000 hours (non-

LED’s for CANS

10.5 WattsReplaces 65W55 lumens per Watt SACRIFICE NOTHING90 CRI2700KDimmable to 5%REDUCE MAINTENANCE COSTSDesigned to last 50,000 hours

LED Can Lighting

• 11.1 Watts

• Replaces 50W

• 46 lumens per Watt 

• 90 CRI

• 2700K or 3500K

• Dimmable to 20%

• 30 Degree Shield

Lighting

Fiber Optics

Fiber optics

Types of fibers

Xenon under cabinet lighting

• Height: 1" • Width: 5" • Number of Bulbs: 3 • Maximum Wattage:

18.5W • Bulb Base: Wedge

T5 • Voltage: 120V

• CRI 100

Xenon under cabinet lighting

• Height: 1“• Width: 5" • Number of Bulbs: 2• Maximum Wattage:

18.5W• Bulb Base: Wedge

T5 • Voltage: 120V• CRI 100