05/03/2023 1

Lightweight ESB Alternatives

What integration, service, or API infrastructure components are appropriate for my platform?

05/03/2023 2

http://www.gartner.com//it/content/2776700/2776722/august_7_software_defined_app_arch_ynatis.pdf?userId=87608820

05/03/2023 3

Architecture Context• Integration Context

• Enterprise Integration Patterns• Central Bus Logic versus Decentralized Edge Logic

• Architecture Context• Message Oriented• Service Oriented• Resource Oriented• Microservices Oriented

• Deployment Context• Cloud-Native• Container driven

05/03/2023 4

Tracking Architectural Evolution

05/03/2023 5

Connectivity in Transition

Present Perfect Tense• Services• SOA• ESB• Adapters• Protocol Mediation• Enterprise Integration

Patterns• Canonical Messages

Future Progressive Perfect Tense• API• RESTful Microservices• Gateways• HTTP(s) Only• Service Discovery• Circuit Breakers

05/03/2023 6

From Hub and SpokeTowardsDistributed Peer to Peer

05/03/2023 7

Well Behaved Services• Well Organized• Follows Standards• Consumer Friendly• High Performing• Secure• Maintainable• Supportable• Adhere to Development and Testing Standards• Well Governed

Build a Well Behaved Service CoreArchitectural Attributes• Lightweight• Self-contained - Autonomous• Deterministic Performance• Dynamic Discovery• Flexible Composition

05/03/2023 9

Decoupling Required, Mediation Optional

05/03/2023 10

Optional Mediation Requirements• Resource adapters• Reliable message delivery • Transactional integrity• Protocol bridging• e.g. http to ftp, http to jms

• Message Exchange Pattern (MEP) mediation• e.g. request/reply to asynch, request/reply to one-way

Source: http://wso2.com/library/webinars/2012/08/wso2-advantage-webinar-esb-evaluation-framework/

Mediation papers over legacy connectivity issues

05/03/2023

Source: IT Well Behaved Services, April 2015 11

Business Logic Requirements• Composition [60-80% Rule] • Orchestration [transaction scope]• Event processing

“A collection of independent services can be used in a mediation/orchestration layer to compose a complex business transaction depending on the use case. “

05/03/2023 12

Required DecouplingAttribute• Service Location• Service Host Routing• Client-side entity

model• Retry and Failover

Technical Component / Best Practice• Service Discovery and Virtual

Endpoints• Service Agent Registration and

Facade Pattern• Publish Provider Schemas• Circuit Breaker Pattern

05/03/2023 13

Decouple at Edge or Center?• Routing• Dynamic location and binding, load balancing• Message transformation• Message validation• Security policy enforcement

Source: http://wso2.com/library/webinars/2012/08/wso2-advantage-webinar-esb-evaluation-framework/

05/03/2023 14

The Core Embracing Integration Primitives• Java 8• CompletableFutures (Promises)• Streaming resultsets with Java Lambdas

• Open API Specification • JSON Schemas and XML Schema• Simple Library Add-ons with Advanced Integration

Functionality• Java Rx, Netty, Linkerd, Hystrix, Gson/Jackson

Client Decoupling:Circuit Breaker & Bulkhead Isolation Pattern

https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix

05/03/2023 16

Enterprise Integration Patterns In-Scope?

http://www.enterpriseintegrationpatterns.com/patterns/messaging/

05/03/2023 17

Right-size Service Infrastructure

Integration Framework

Gateway

Enterprise Service Bus

FullIntegration Platform

Cloud-Native Routers and Container Platforms

Automatically Decouple Service Hosts Behind Virtual Endpoints

What has change at the Edge?• Self-contained, Lightweight, Minimalistic• Service-Oriented, API-Friendly• Powerful transport module • Runtime Insights and Diagnostics • Security modules• Service discovery• Container management

Spring Boothttp://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/DropWizard

https://dropwizard.github.io/dropwizard/index.html

NetFlix Karyonhttps://github.com/Netflix/karyon

05/03/2023 19

Light Bus or Lighter Integration Framework

Enterprise Service Bus• WSO2 ESB• Red Hat Jboss Fuse

Integration Framework• Apache Camel• Spring Integration• NServiceBus for .NET

05/03/2023 20

Lightweight Gateway Alternatives• WSO2 API Manager• Kong • AWS API Gateway

• Spring Cloud (Zuul)• NGINX Plus

05/03/2023 21

Every use case covered

Full Integration Platform• WSO2• Mule Anypoint• Oracle Fusion Middleware• Tibco ActiveMatrix ESB• IBM WebSphere ESB

05/03/2023 22

Time to get off the bus?

Source: http://www.gartner.com/webinar/2855231

05/03/2023 23

Name Change or Deeper Design Change?• Web API• Policy definition• Light service mediation• Developer Self-Service• Metrics and analytics

05/03/2023 24

Platform Evaluation

http://wso2.com/library/webinars/2012/08/wso2-advantage-webinar-esb-evaluation-framework/

• Platform fit• Project requirements• Environment• Platform roadmap

• Performance and Cost• Support

05/03/2023 25

Common Use Cases• Decouple Consumers from Provider Location (aka service

virtualization)• Dynamically Route Messages Based On hostname, URI,

headers, content• Failover to Available Providers• Transform Message into Back-end Format• Cache Response Data

05/03/2023 26

ESB versus API Gateway Comparison Matrix• Decoupling

• Externalize authorization• Enforce QoS and Security Policies• Separate interface from implementation

• Manage Service Lifecycle• Enable independent evolution and deployment• Reduce implementation redundancy

• Mediation• Routing• Transaction Cache

• Platform Integration• Monitoring

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