line commutated converters - abb
TRANSCRIPT
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SEMIS Simulation Tool
Line Commutated Converters
User manual
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INTRODUCTION
SEMIS is a web-based semiconductor simulation tool providing a thermal calculation of the
semiconductor losses for common converter circuits. The simulation simplifies significantly the selection of the
switching device and enables the optimal selection of semiconductors for further investigations.
The SEMIS Simulation Tool is a user-friendly online application found on ABB Semiconductors website
www.abb.com/semiconductors/semis
SEMIS users select from a substantial selection of topologies. By assigning the circuit parameters and selecting
the desired switching device, multiple ABB products can be simulated at the same time. Once a simulation is
run, SEMIS returns comprehensive results on semiconductor losses as well as on the electrical parameters in the
input and output of the circuit. The results are shown in both graphical (waveforms) and numerical (tables) way.
The SEMIS tool is based on the PLECS simulation software. PLECS users can download our product models in
the XML file format from the ABB Semiconductors website and use them for their simulations. For more specific
topologies ABB offers customized converter simulations for non-standard topologies with PLECS simulation
software on a project basis.
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COPYRIGHTS
All rights to copyrights, registered trademarks, and trademarks reside with their respective owners.
Copyright © 2019 ABB Power Grids Switzerland Ltd.
All rights reserved.
Release: December 2020
Document number: 5SYA 2119
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. LINE COMMUTATED CONVERTERS ............................................................................................ 6
2. OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................................... 7
3. SIMULATION SETTINGS ............................................................................................................... 8
3.1 Circuit parameters ............................................................................................................. 8
3.1.1 Select Topology ................................................................................................................ 8
3.1.2 Converter Operation ........................................................................................................ 8
3.1.3 Ambient temperature ...................................................................................................... 8
3.1.4 Controller ........................................................................................................................... 8
3.1.5 AC parameters .................................................................................................................. 9
3.2 Switch settings ................................................................................................................... 9
3.2.1 Matching Thyristors ....................................................................................................... 10
3.3 Selection of Articles / Start simulation......................................................................... 10
4. SIMULATION RESULTS ............................................................................................................... 11
4.1 Graphical Output – Waveforms ...................................................................................... 11
4.1.1 Control .............................................................................................................................. 12
4.1.2 Parameters values indication ....................................................................................... 12
4.2 Numerical / Tabular results ............................................................................................ 13
5. ALERTS & FEATURES .................................................................................................................. 15
5.1 Junction Temperature ..................................................................................................... 15
5.2 Maximum Surge Peak Voltage ........................................................................................ 15
6. APPLIED CALCULATIONS .......................................................................................................... 16
6.1 Input Parameter Definitions ........................................................................................... 16
6.2 Phase current .................................................................................................................... 16
6.3 DC Voltage Definition ...................................................................................................... 16
6.4 Real Power ......................................................................................................................... 16
6.5 Reactive Power ................................................................................................................. 17
7. VALIDATION OF SEMIS RESULTS WITH PSCAD ...................................................................... 18
8. USER MANUAL REVISION HISTORY .......................................................................................... 20
9. SIMULATION SOFTWARE RELEASE HISTORY.......................................................................... 20
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Line commutated converters circuit in website .................................................................................................... 7 Figure 2 Selection of topology ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 3 Converter mode selection .................................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 4 Ambient temperature input block ......................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 5 Controller input block ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 6 Controller input block ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Figure 7 Grid parameter input blocks ................................................................................................................................ 9 Figure 8 Thermal settings and Thyristor selection ............................................................................................................. 9 Figure 9 Matching Thyristors for selection ....................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 10 Start of simulation ............................................................................................................................................ 10 Figure 11 Simulation progress and termination ............................................................................................................... 10 Figure 12 Graphical results of Line commutated converters ........................................................................................... 11 Figure 13 Tabular indication of cursor position graph values .......................................................................................... 12 Figure 14 Device Losses & Temperatures ...................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 15 Definition of Tvj before the last switch ............................................................................................................. 14 Figure 16 Converter AC Parameters ............................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 17 DC & Control Parameters ................................................................................................................................ 14 Figure 19 Validation results comparison for 2 pulses thyristor rectifier/inverter .............................................................. 18 Figure 20 Validation results comparison for 6 pulses thyristor rectifier/inverter .............................................................. 19 Figure 21 validation results comparison for 12 pulse thyristor series/parallel connected rectifier/inverter ..................... 19
Line Commutated Converters
6 User Manual 5SYA 2119 SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors
1. LINE COMMUTATED CONVERTERS
The main objective here is to develop a universal model for a 6/12/2 pulse thyristor controlled con-
verter operating as a rectifier & inverter. These models can be used by engineers for a quick check on
the performance of the selected ABB semiconductors best fitting their load demand and application.
The estimated semiconductor conduction and switching losses, as well as the junction temperature,
will assist the user in selecting the optimum device that suits their converter operation and load re-
quirements.
ABB offers the following thyristor topologies for thermal analysis simulation with
– 6-Pulse controlled rectifier
– 6-Pulse controlled inverter
– 12-Pulse series controlled rectifier
– 12-Pulse series controlled inverter
– 12-Pulse parallel controlled rectifier
– 12-Pulse parallel controlled inverter
– 2-Pulse controlled rectifier
– 2-Pulse controlled inverter
Overview
SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors User Manual 5SYA 2119 7
2. OVERVIEW
Figure 1 Line commutated converters circuit in website
Grid definitions Results graphs
Converter settings Results tables
Thyristor selection
Simulation Settings
8 User Manual 5SYA 2119 SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors
3. SIMULATION SETTINGS
3.1 Circuit parameters
3.1.1 Select Topology
Select Topology Selection
Selection of either 6pulse, 12 pulse or 2 pulse topologies
Figure 2 Selection of topology
3.1.2 Converter Operation
Converter Operation Selection
The converter can be operated either
as Inverter DC to AC or as Rectifier AC to DC
Figure 3 Converter mode selection
3.1.3 Ambient temperature
Ambient temperature Definition of environmental Range -25 ... 90 °C
temperature around the converter
for temperature / cooling
calculations
Figure 4 Ambient temperature input block
3.1.4 Controller
The user can define the following parameters as seen in figure 6. The controller fires the thyristor at
the defined firing angle in rectifier operation.
Figure 5 Controller input block
SYSTEM FREQUENCY Converter AC output frequency Range 40 to 60 Hz
FIRING ANGLE Instant of thyristor turn-on Range 15 to 60 deg
DC CURRENT Current on DC side Range 1 to 4000 A
Simulation Settings
SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors User Manual 5SYA 2119 9
In inverter operation, the user can define the following parameters as seen in figure 7.
Figure 6 Controller input block
DC VOLTAGE Input Voltage inverter model on Range 125 to 12000 V
DC side pole to pole
POWER FLOW FROM DC TO AC SIDE
Power flowing in inverter operation Range 0.01 to 50 MW
3.1.5 AC parameters
The user can enter the desired reference converter AC side voltage. Further, the user can provide the
AC parameters such as commutation reactance.
Figure 7 Grid parameter input blocks
AC LINE-LINE VOLTAGE (RMS)
AC Side Line-Line voltage (RMS) Range 500 to 4000 V
OVERSHOOT FACTOR Defines maximum surge peak voltage Range 1.5 to 3.5
Commutation Reactance Percentage of reactance on AC side Range 1 to 10%
Smoothing Reactance Reactance on the load side 200 mH
Remark:
The smoothing reactance value used in the models is in typical ranges of LCC smoothing inductance
3.2 Switch settings
Figure 8 Thermal settings and Thyristor selection
Heat Sink Thermal Resistance Range 0.0001 ... 0.5 K/W
Definition of thermal resistance of
the cooling system applied.
Thyristor selection Select voltage class of Thyristor for filtering Selection
Simulation Settings
10 User Manual 5SYA 2119 SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors
3.2.1 Matching Thyristors
Once the previous Thyristor properties are selected, the matching thyristor options appear. By click-
ing on the product code name the user may access the datasheet from the ABB website.
Figure 9 Matching Thyristors for selection
If one or more elements produce results exceeding the safe operating area (SOA), no results are re-
turned. In this case, the user should run the simulation again with changed parameters and/or prod-
uct selection to enable results within SOA operating conditions.
3.3 Selection of Articles / Start simulation
To simulate one or more articles, select from the list by activating the checkbox
Simulate Starts the simulation
The progress of the simulation is shown with
the number of calculated Jacobian.
Abort Stops the simulation; No results generated
Hold results To compare multiple simulations, results can be held for later viewing
By selecting the button, result are hold after the simulation has finalized for later
comparison with succeeding simulations
Figure 10 Start of simulation
Figure 11 Simulation progress and termination
Simulation Results
SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors User Manual 5SYA 2119 11
4. SIMULATION RESULTS
The simulation results are displayed in two different ways for all selected articles simulated.
Graphical results - Waveforms Visual analysis of waveforms for fast and efficient detection of
most significant sources
Numerical / Tabular results Numeric indication of all simulations values for direct comparison
Remark: To hide curves of selected articles, unselect in the table “Results History”
4.1 Graphical Output – Waveforms
When the simulation finishes the semiconductor and AC side waveforms are shown as follows:
Figure 12 Graphical results of Line commutated converters
Simulation Results
12 User Manual 5SYA 2119 SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors
4.1.1 Control
For an indication of values within the graph, a cursor can be activated to show curve values in a table.
Sections of graphs can be zoomed in by click, move and release mouse button for more details
Hide selectively waveforms of products
Rest zoom to full view
Activate cursors and to show parameter values table according to the cursor position
Zoom selectable rectangle
Zoom horizontal or vertical band
4.1.2 Parameters values indication
Tabular indication of graphical waveforms values according to cursor position selected.
Values are indicated for each parameter Color of the wave form is indicated. The third column shows
the difference between the two cursors per parameter.
Figure 13 Tabular indication of cursor position graph values
Remark:
The numerical values of each indicated parameter are shown according to the position of the respec-
tive cursor in the graph. Drag cursor to investigate about full details
Simulation Results
SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors User Manual 5SYA 2119 13
4.2 Numerical / Tabular results
The following parameters are given in a tabular format in multiple sections.
As converter losses, the aggregated losses in all 3 phase legs are accounted for.
In addition to the semiconductor losses, there are also losses occurring in the passive components
(e.g. Resistances.). These Losses are not taken into consideration for this simulation. For the simplic-
ity of the simulation, it is assumed that all semiconductors in one phase leg are loaded symmetrically
and no voltage asymmetries do exist.
Device losses and temperatures
Figure 14 Device Losses & Temperatures
Switching Loss Single Thyristor Losses during turn on and turn off events (dynamic)
Conduction loss Single Thyristor Losses during on state (static)
Combined losses Sum of single Thyristor switching and conduction loss.
Converter losses Sum of all Thyristor losses
% Losses Defined as the (%) ratio of calculated combined converter losses with respect
to the converter MVA rating i.e., total apparent power flow. Since the converter
is meant for a THREE-PHASE application, the kVA rating would correspond to
total three-phase AC Power delivered by the converter.
Junction Temperature Avg
Junction temperature average during the simulation period
Junction Temperature Max
Maximum junction temperature during the simulation period
Simulation Results
14 User Manual 5SYA 2119 SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors
Junction Temperature BLS
Junction temperature at a time point just before the last
switching, after which the maximum junction temperature
is achieved. This effect is not critical for thyristor
applica tions.
Figure 15 Definition of Tvj before the last switch
Converter AC parameters
Figure 16 Converter AC Parameters
Real power P Active power / real power output of the converter
Reactive power Q Q as supplied to the grid as effective power (reactive) on converter AC side
Calculation see in section 6.5.
Phase voltage RMS According AC phase value according to 1st order harmonics of AC frequency
Phase current RMS According AC phase value according to 1st order harmonics of AC frequency
System frequency According to the definition
Power Factor According to the definition
DC Parameters & Control Parameters
Figure 17 DC & Control Parameters
DC Power According AC Power definition + Losses
DC Voltage According definition
DC Current According definition
Firing angle in Deg According definition
Tvj Max 123.58°C
Last Switch Event
Tvj BLS 123.54 °C
Alerts & Features
SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors User Manual 5SYA 2119 15
5. ALERTS & FEATURES
The system verifies results and generated warning messages in case of limits are violated.
5.1 Junction Temperature
Parameter Junction temperature
Verification If the junction temperature BLS of Thyristor is above its
maximum junction temperature limit, the alert message is displayed
Warning message Thyristor temperature out of the safe operating area
5.2 Maximum Surge Peak Voltage
Parameter AC Line-Line Peak voltage
Verification If the maximum surge peak voltage is greater than the safe operating voltage
rating of thyristor, an alert message is displayed
Warning message For the device voltage of 1.8kV, V_DSM should be less than 1800V
Applied Calculations
16 User Manual 5SYA 2119 SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors
6. APPLIED CALCULATIONS
6.1 Input Parameter Definitions
Idc Mean value of DC current waveform
VLL_RMS Line-Line voltage RMS
alpha Firing angle of the thyristor in rectifier mode
gamma Firing angle of the thyristor in inverter mode
Ls Commutation inductance in H
6.2 Phase current
6 pulse 𝐼𝑠 = √2
3𝐼𝐷𝐶
12 pulse series 𝐼𝑠 = √7.459
3𝐼𝐷𝐶
12 pulse parallel 𝐼𝑠 = √7.459
3∗
𝐼𝐷𝐶
2
2 pulse 𝐼𝑠 = 𝐼𝐷𝐶
6.3 DC Voltage Definition
Grid inductance per phase 𝐿𝑠 = 𝐿𝑃𝑈 ∗ 𝑉𝐿𝐿𝑅𝑀𝑆
/ (100 ∗ 𝐼𝑠 ∗ 2 ∗ 𝑝𝑖 ∗ 𝐹𝐻𝑧 ∗ 1.732)
6 pulse 𝑉𝑑𝑐 = 1.35 ∗ 𝑉𝐿𝐿_𝑅𝑀𝑆 ∗ 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑎) − (6 ∗ 𝐹𝐻𝑧 ∗ 𝐿𝑠 ∗ 𝐼𝑑𝑐)
12 pulse series 𝑉𝑑𝑐 = 2 ∗ 1.35 ∗ 𝑉𝐿𝐿𝑅𝑀𝑆∗ cos(𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑎) − (2 ∗ 6 ∗ 𝐹𝐻𝑧 ∗ 𝐿𝑠 ∗ 𝐼𝑑𝑐)
12 pulse parallel 𝑉𝑑𝑐 = 1.35 ∗ 𝑉𝐿𝐿𝑅𝑀𝑆∗ cos(𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑎) − (3 ∗ 𝐹𝐻𝑧 ∗ 𝐿𝑠 ∗ 𝐼𝑑𝑐)
2 pulse 𝑉𝑑𝑐 = 0.519 ∗ 𝑉𝐿𝐿𝑅𝑀𝑆∗ cos(𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑎) − (2 ∗ 𝐹𝐻𝑧 ∗ 𝐿𝑠 ∗ 𝐼𝑑𝑐)
Note: Replace alpha with gamma in inverter mode
6.4 Real Power
PDC DC power / real power absorbed from DC side calculated according
PAC real / active power transferred to converter output calculated as:
VTrueRMS True phase voltage RMS AC line to neutral
ITrueRMS True phase current RMS AC
η Power conversion efficiency
IDC DC current in Load
RDC Load resistance for rectifier mode
LDC Load inductance for rectifier mode set to 200 mH. See details in 3.1.5
Applied Calculations
SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors User Manual 5SYA 2119 17
𝑅𝐷𝐶 = 𝑉𝐷𝐶
𝐼𝐷𝐶
𝑃𝐷𝐶 = 𝑉𝐷𝐶 ∗ 𝐼𝐷𝐶
𝐼𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒𝑅𝑀𝑆 = √1
𝑛 ∑ 𝑖𝜈
2̂𝑛𝜈=1
It includes harmonic components NOT ONLY 1st order of output frequency.
According to:
𝑃𝐴𝐶 =3
𝑛∑ 𝑢𝜈 ̂
𝑛𝜈=1 . 𝑖�̂� . 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜑𝑣 = 3. 𝑉𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒𝑅𝑀𝑆. 𝐼𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒𝑅𝑀𝑆 . 𝑃𝐹
For Inverter or Rectifier mode, the DC power definition PDC can be computed as
𝑃𝐷𝐶 = 𝑃𝐴𝐶 + 𝑃𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑟
Defined as the Loss (%) η is the ratio of calculated combined converter losses with respect to the
converter input power.
For Inverter mode, the PDC is the main input power definition. Loss (%) η is given by:
𝜂 =𝑃𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑟
𝑃𝐷𝐶∗ 100%
For Rectifier mode, the PAC is the main input power definition. Loss (%) η is given by:
𝜂 =𝑃𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑟
𝑃𝐴𝐶∗ 100%
6.5 Reactive Power
Q Effective reactive power on the converter AC side [VAr] 𝑄 = 3 ∗ 𝑉𝑃ℎ_𝑅𝑀𝑆 ∗ 𝐼𝑃ℎ_𝑅𝑀𝑆 ∗ 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜑1)
VPH_RMS Phase voltage (RMS)
IPH_RMS Phase current (RMS)
𝜑1 Fundamental power factor angle
Validation of SEMIS Results with PSCAD
18 User Manual 5SYA 2119 SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors
7. VALIDATION OF SEMIS RESULTS WITH PSCAD
To ensure supplied simulation results are reliable, each of the Thyristor rectifier models and the in-
verter models is validated with another simulation platform or compared to real measurement data.
The circuit topology is reconstructed in PSCAD to validate the results obtained from the SEMIS web
simulation tool. The objective of the work is to develop a 2 pulse, 6 pulses and 12 pulse series-con-
nected and parallel-connected rectifiers and inverters with loss and temperature estimation in
PSCAD and to validate the steady-state results obtained through Thyristor rectifiers web simulation
model.
Two different devices have been chosen for the process of validation. At least one set of the valida-
tion is carried out with one device, at least one set of validation is carried out in rectifier or inverter
mode to ensure all the combinations of the devices and modes of operation are covered. The XML
data of both these thyristors which were created from the device datasheets for SEMIS simulations
is modified to individual .txt files to capture the on-state voltage drop of the thyristor (VT at differ-
ent temperatures, to make the data readable in PSCAD.
The PSCAD and SEMIS circuit models are made as identical as possible to prevent any errors in vali-
dation due to the dissimilarities. Junction to Case and Case to Heat sink thermal resistances for the
Thyristor have been captured from the device datasheet while the Heat sink to ambient thermal re-
sistance Rth(h-a) is assumed as 2K/kW with different ambient temperatures.
Five cases each for the 2 pulses rectifier/inverter and the 6 pulses rectifier/inverter while 3 cases for
each of the 12 pulses series-connected and 12 pulses parallel-connected have been simulated in
PSCAD and SEMIS by varying different parameters like input line-line voltage, device, Load current,
etc.
Figure 18 Validation results comparison for 2 pulses thyristor rectifier/inverter
Remark:
The following corrections and simplifications are made on PSCAD for 6 pulse and 12 pulse converters:
• A correction of -2.5˚ and +2.5˚ was made to alpha on PSCAD w.r.t the alpha in PLECS for recti-
fier and inverter operations respectively to achieve the same AC and DC parameters.
• This can be explained by the fact that cosine is a decreasing function from 0 to 90 ˚ for recti-
fier operation and an increasing function from 90 to 180 for inverter operation.
• The correction in alpha is required to reduce the influence of the differences in the numerical
approximation methods (conversion of the circuit to differential equations) employed by
these softwares.
Results analysis according settings
Topology
Tester:
Date
Device used (.xml)
Limit acceptance level Green / Orange / Red
Instructions 1. Enter all values according the final results table in the column SEMIS
2. Enter all values according the final results from the PSCAD in the column PSCad
3. Verify the relative difference; Results must not vary more than 2 %
Description of Settings Set
Parameter
Set 1
SEMIS
Set 1
PSCad
Set 1
Difference
Set 2
SEMIS
Set 2
PSCad
Set 2
Difference
Set 3
SEMIS
Set 3
PSCad
Set 3
Difference
Set 4
SEMIS
Set 4
PSCad
Set 4
Difference
Set 5
SEMIS
Set 5
PSCad
Set 5
Difference
Absolute average difference [%] 0.54% 0.47% 0.51% 0.49% 0.78%
Max difference [%] 1.30% 1.43% 1.62% 1.25% 1.50%
Device Losses & Temperatures
Conduction Loss per Thyristor (W) 312 309 + 0.96% 713 708.2 + 0.67% 272.75 270.2 + 0.93% 116 116 + 0.43% 729.26 739.9 - 1.46%
Combined Loss per Thyristor (W) 312 309 + 0.96% 713 708.2 + 0.67% 272.75 270.2 + 0.93% 116 116 + 0.43% 729.26 739.9 - 1.46%
Junction Temperature Before Last Switch Diode
Junction Temperature Avg Diode (°C) 48.32 48.01 + 0.64% 59.04 58.6 + 0.75% 46.43 46.40 + 0.06% 43.1 43.1 - 0.05% 57.2 57.52 - 0.56%
Converter Losses (W) 1247 1240 + 0.56% 2853 2838 + 0.53% 1091.6 1082 + 0.88% 463 462 + 0.22% 2916.78 2945 - 0.97%
Losses Efficiency 1.26 1.25 + 1.30% 0.75 0.74 + 0.79% 1.11 1.09 + 1.62% 0.61 0.60 + 1.25% 0.87 0.88 - 1.50%
AC Parameters
Real Power (kW) 98.76 99.5 - 0.75% 381 382 - 0.26% 98.76 99.5 - 0.75% 76 76.8 - 1.05% 333 331.2 + 0.54%
Reactive Power (kVAR) 38.36 38.3 + 0.16% 147.9 150.02 - 1.43% 38.36 38.3 + 0.16% 34.5 34.8 - 0.87% 361.41 358 + 0.94%
Phase Voltage RMS (V) 239.5 239.8 - 0.13% 461.82 462 - 0.04% 239.57 240 - 0.18% 461.82 462 - 0.04% 461.82 462 - 0.04%
Phase Current RMS (A) 481 478.8 + 0.46% 962 965 - 0.31% 481 478.8 + 0.46% 198.2 199.4 - 0.61% 1169 1156 + 1.11%
Alpha 15 15 + 0.00% 15 15 + 0.00% 15 15 + 0.00% 22.94 23 - 0.26% 47.15 47 + 0.32%
Output Frequency (Hz) 50 50 + 0.00% 50 50 + 0.00% 50 50 0.00% 50 50 + 0.00% 50 50 + 0.00%
DC Parameters & Control Parameters
DC Power (kW) 97.52 98.3 - 0.76% 377.92 379.162 - 0.33% 98.76 98.4 + 0.35% 76.93 77.262 - 0.43% 336.02 334.145 + 0.56%
DC Voltage (V) 200.85 200 + 0.42% 387 384.3 + 0.70% 200.85 200 + 0.42% 379 381 - 0.53% 281.88 283 - 0.40%
DC Current (A) 491 489 + 0.41% 983 984.5 - 0.15% 491 489 + 0.41% 201.31 202.6 - 0.64% 1181 1193 - 1.02%
SEMIS 7 - 2 Pulse Thyristor Rectifier/Inverter
Sravan Durga
March 30, 2020
5STP 27N8500, 5STP 45Y8500
0% 2% 5%
Rectifier Mode Rectifier Mode Rectifier Mode Inverter Mode Inverter Mode
Validation of SEMIS Results with PSCAD
SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors User Manual 5SYA 2119 19
• The thyristor bridge model and the control to generate pulses from alpha on PSCAD is differ-
ent from the converter built with individual thyristors and the control scheme on PLECS.
• This approach serves the purpose of estimating losses as similar powers are operated on
both models.
• The errors shown in red may be ignored as this is a correction in the alpha to achieve the
same AC and DC parameters
Figure 19 Validation results comparison for 6 pulses thyristor rectifier/inverter
Figure 20 validation results comparison for 12 pulse thyristor series/parallel connected rectifier/inverter
Topology
Tester:
Date
Device used (.xml)
Limit acceptance level Green / Orange / Red
Instructions 1. Enter all values according the final results table in the column SEMIS
2. Enter all values according the final results from the PSCAD in the column PSCad
3. Verify the relative difference; Results must not vary more than 2 %
Description of Settings Set
Parameter
Set 1
SEMIS
Set 1
PSCad
Set 1
Difference
Set 2
SEMIS
Set 2
PSCad
Set 2
Difference
Set 3
SEMIS
Set 3
PSCad
Set 3
Difference
Set 4
SEMIS
Set 4
PSCad
Set 4
Difference
Set 5
SEMIS
Set 5
PSCad
Set 5
Difference
Absolute average difference [%] 1.32% 0.74% 1.49% 0.76% 0.51%
Max difference [%] 16.72% 8.39% 16.72% 2.07% 2.62%
Device Losses & Temperatures
Conduction Loss per Thyristor (W) 488 488.9 - 0.18% 2041 2037.37 + 0.18% 405 406.9 - 0.47% 1161 1148 + 1.06% 2212 2206.2 + 0.26%
Combined Loss per Thyristor (W) 488 488.9 - 0.18% 2041 2037.37 + 0.18% 405 406.9 - 0.47% 1161 1148 + 1.10% 2212 2206.2 + 0.26%
Junction Temperature Before Last Switch Diode
Junction Temperature Avg Diode (°C) 53 53.04 - 0.08% 94.49 94.56 - 0.07% 49.55 49.61 - 0.12% 71.0 70.7 + 0.46% 92.09 92.06 + 0.03%
Converter Losses (W) 2929 2936 - 0.24% 12245 12244 + 0.01% 2425 2448 - 0.95% 6965 6890 + 1.08% 13247 13250 - 0.02%
Losses Efficiency 0.29 0.29 - 0.30% 0.45 0.45 - 0.18% 0.24 0.24 - 1.01% 1.15 1.14 + 0.64% 3.21 3.23 - 0.89%
AC Parameters
Real Power (kW) 1017 1016.35 + 0.06% 2726 2721 + 0.18% 1017 1016.35 + 0.06% 600 597.41 + 0.43% 400 396.45 + 0.89%
Reactive Power (kVAR) 362.9 363.69 - 0.22% 1751 1755.08 - 0.23% 362 363.7 - 0.47% 946 936 + 1.06% 2205.11 2205.6 - 0.02%
Phase Voltage RMS (V) 461.82 462 - 0.04% 461 461.8 - 0.17% 461.82 461 + 0.18% 239.57 240 - 0.18% 239.6 239.6 + 0.00%
Phase Current RMS (A) 806.8 808 - 0.15% 2431 2435 - 0.16% 806.8 808 - 0.15% 1623 1614.8 + 0.51% 3252 3250.4 + 0.05%
alpha 15.01 12.5 + 16.72% 30.02 27.5 + 8.39% 15.01 12.5 + 16.72% 120.75 123.25 - 2.07% 99.88 102.5 - 2.62%
Output Frequency (Hz) 50 50 + 0.00% 50 50 + 0.00% 50 50 0.00% 50 50 + 0.00% 50 50 + 0.00%
DC Parameters & Control Parameters
DC Power (kW) 1014 1013.41 + 0.06% 2714 2708.756 + 0.19% 1014 1013.90 + 0.01% 606.87 604.3 + 0.42% 412.46 409.7 + 0.67%
DC Voltage (V) 1016 1014 + 0.20% 909 906.2 + 0.31% 1016 1014 + 0.20% 300 302.45 - 0.82% 100 101.29 - 1.29%
DC Current (A) 1000 999.63 + 0.04% 3001 2997.2 + 0.13% 1000 1000.3 - 0.03% 2000 1984.89 + 0.76% 4000 3995.6 + 0.11%
SEMIS 7 - 6 Pulse Thyristor Rectifier/Inverter
Sravan Durga
March 31, 2020
5STP 27N8500, 5STP 45Y8500
0% 2% 5%
Rectifier Mode Rectifier Mode Rectifier Mode Inverter Mode Inverter Mode
Topology
Tester:
Date
Device used (.xml)
Limit acceptance level Green / Orange / Red
Instructions 1. Enter all values according the final results table in the column SEMIS
2. Enter all values according the final results from the PSCAD in the column PSCad
3. Verify the relative difference; Results must not vary more than 2 %
Description of Settings Set
Parameter
Set 1
SEMIS
Set 1
PSCad
Set 1
Difference
Set 2
SEMIS
Set 2
PSCad
Set 2
Difference
Set 3
SEMIS
Set 3
PSCad
Set 3
Difference
Set 4
SEMIS
Set 4
PSCad
Set 4
Difference
Set 5
SEMIS
Set 5
PSCad
Set 5
Difference
Set 6
SEMIS
Set 6
PSCad
Set 6
Difference
Absolute average difference [%] 0.90% 0.96% 0.77% 1.52% 1.38% 0.82%
Max difference [%] 8.39% 8.39% 2.13% 16.72% 16.72% 2.82%
Device Losses & Temperatures
Conduction Loss per Thyristor (W) 2584 2598.7 - 0.57% 1844 1858.45 - 0.78% 2014 2022 - 0.40% 1569 1570 - 0.06% 186.07 186.86 - 0.42% 403.87 400.4 + 0.86%
Combined Loss per Thyristor (W) 2584 2598.7 - 0.57% 1844 1858.45 - 0.78% 2014 2022 - 0.40% 1569 1570 - 0.06% 186.07 186.86 - 0.42% 403.87 400.4 + 0.86%
Junction Temperature Before Last Switch Diode
Junction Temperature Avg Diode (°C) 108.99 109.36 - 0.34% 83.49 83.88 - 0.47% 93.78 93.98 - 0.21% 81.9 81.2 + 0.81% 44.39 44.42 - 0.07% 49.52 49.43 + 0.18%
Converter Losses (W) 31010 31189 - 0.58% 22130 22302 - 0.78% 24170 24263 - 0.38% 18830 18845 - 0.08% 2233.09 2244 - 0.49% 4846.35 4810 + 0.75%
Losses Efficiency 0.48 0.49 - 0.71% 0.34 0.35 - 0.91% 1.15 1.13 + 1.02% 0.37 0.37 + 0.10% 0.22 0.22 - 0.56% 0.80 0.80 + 0.22%
AC Parameters
Real Power (kW) 6423 6414.75 + 0.13% 6423 6414.75 + 0.13% 2085 2114.9 - 1.43% 5133 5142 - 0.18% 1029 1028.3 + 0.07% 599 595.8 + 0.53%
Reactive Power (kVAR) 3959 3950 + 0.23% 3959 3950 + 0.23% 3416 3440 - 0.70% 1651 1643.7 + 0.44% 327.27 328.8 - 0.47% 942 930 + 1.27%
Phase Voltage RMS (V) 461.82 461.8 + 0.00% 461.82 461.8 + 0.00% 288.64 288.6 + 0.01% 461.82 461.8 + 0.00% 461.82 461.8 + 0.00% 239.57 239.6 - 0.01%
Phase Current RMS (kA) 5496.15 5453.6 + 0.77% 5496 5454 + 0.76% 4669 4660 + 0.19% 3923 3896 + 0.69% 785.66 785.5 + 0.02% 1570 1549 + 1.34%
Alpha 30.02 27.5 + 8.39% 30.02 27.5 + 8.39% 120.43 123 - 2.13% 15.01 12.5 + 16.72% 15.01 12.5 + 16.72% 120.6 124 - 2.82%
Output Frequency (Hz) 50 50 + 0.00% 50 50 + 0.00% 50 50 0.00% 50 50 + 0.00% 50 50 + 0.00% 50 50 + 0.00%
DC Parameters & Control Parameters
DC Power (kW) 6392 6383.56 + 0.13% 6392 6392.45 - 0.01% 2109 2139.16 - 1.43% 5115 5123.16 - 0.16% 1026 1026.1 - 0.01% 604.49 600.61 + 0.64%
DC Voltage (V) 1839 1838.9 + 0.01% 1839 1839.1 - 0.01% 703 714.5 - 1.64% 1028 1020 + 0.78% 1029 1029 + 0.00% 301 303.3 - 0.76%
DC Current (A) 3493 3498.01 - 0.14% 3493 3497.9 - 0.14% 2964 2988 - 0.81% 4994 4937.4 + 1.13% 1000 999.9 + 0.01% 1994 1969 + 1.25%
12 pulse parallel inverter
SEMIS 7 - 12 Pulse Series/Parallel Thyristor Rectifier/Inverter
Sravan Durga
March 27, 2020
5STP 27N8500, 5STP 45Y8500
0% 2% 5%
12 pulse series rectifier 12 pulse series rectifier 12 pulse series inverter 12 pulse parallel rectifier 12 pulse parallel rectifier
User Manual Revision History
20 User Manual 5SYA 2119 SEMIS – ABB Semiconductors
—
8. USER MANUAL REVISION HISTORY
Rev. Page Change Description Date / Initial
1.1 all Initial version in the new design 2019-03-12 PGGI/HM
—
9. SIMULATION SOFTWARE RELEASE HISTORY
Rev. New topic Fixed defects Tvj influence Date
1.0 Initial version - - 2020-03-20 PGGI / HM
—
Contact
ABB Power Grids Switzerland Ltd.
Semiconductors
Fabrikstrasse 3
5600 Lenzburg, Switzerland
Phone: +41 58 586 1419
Fax: +41 58 586 1306
E-Mail: [email protected]
abb.com/semiconductors
Note
We reserve the right to make technical changes
or modify the contents of this document without
prior notice. With regard to purchase orders, the
agreed particulars shall prevail. ABB does not
accept any responsibility whatsoever for potential
errors or possible lack of information in this document.
We reserve all rights in this document in the
subject matter and illustrations contained therein.
Any reproduction- in whole or in parts- is forbidden
without ABB’s prior written consent.
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