linked data - metadataetc.orgmetadataetc.org/lod/5star.pdf · online coins of the roman empire...

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An Introduction

Linked Data1 2 3 4 5

1--Onegoal2– Twotypesofquestions3– RDFtriples4– Fourprinciples5– FivestarLOD

LearnbyUnderstanding

LearnbyAnalyzing

MarciaZeng,2018DIS 1

SirTimBerners-Lee,theinventoroftheWWWandtheinitiatorofLinkedData,presentedaStarSchemefor

measuringtherankofadataset:

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Five-StarLOD ★★★★★5

https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.htmlMarciaZeng,2018DIS

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Cases:UsingLODintheLAMs*1. SpecialCollections,Archives

a. LinkedJazzb. OnlineCoinsoftheRomanEmpire(OCRE)

2. Bibliographicdataa. WorldCatb. TheBritishNationalBibliography(BNB)

3. Knowledgeorganizationsystems(KOS)- thesauri,nameauthorities,andothersa. FASTb. GettyVocabs

4. DigitalScholarships– VIVObased- Scholars@Cornell

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LearnbyAnalyzing

*LAMs=Libraries,archives,andmuseumsMarciaZeng,2018DIS

1. SpecialCollections,Archives

a.LinkedJazz

Theprojectfocusesondigitalizedarchivesofjazzhistorytoexposerelationshipsbetweenmusiciansandrevealtheircommunity’snetwork.

http://linkedjazz.org/

http://linkedjazz.org/network/4MarciaZeng,2018DIS

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MethodologySummary:• Anaturalprocessingtoolpullsexcerptsfromtranscriptsofinterviewswithjazz

musicians thatmentionarelationship withanotherjazzmusician.• Aftertheprocessofcontrollingsynonymsandeliminatingambiguity,themusician

namesweremappedtotheDBpedia,anddata abouteachpersonwasobtained.• Therelationshipswerepresentedbasedonanontology.• Avisualizationtoolwasusedtopresentauniqueinteractiveinterface.

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•VisualizedresultinGephi.(DatamashupbetweenLinkedJazzmusiciansandCarnegieHallperformers.)

LinkedJazzandCarnegieHall (Indevelopment)About

http://pfch.nyc/linked_jazz_meets_carnegie_hall/CH-LJ_network/index.html#Mary%20Lou%20Williams

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(cont.)1.SpecialCollections,Archivesb.OnlineCoinsoftheRomanEmpire(OCRE)

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http://numismatics.org/ocre/

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• Ontologicalclasses-- browse1.bOCRE

• Modelinginanontology(formedinclasses,properties,relationships);

• FollowingLinkedDataprinciples;• UsingRDFtriplesforentities;• QueryinginSPARQLlanguage.

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9http://numismatics.org/ocre/id/ric.6.lon.66

Foranindividualobject,ausercanfindauto-generateddatarelatedtoit,themap(s),andquantitativeanalysis.

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1.bOCRE

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• Visualizeyourquerieson-the-flyHow?http://wiki.numismatics.org/numishare:visualize

• UsingSPARQLqueriestofind;• Auto-Visualizing;• Auserdoesnotneedtosee

oruseSPARQLlanguage.

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1.bOCRE

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• Interactwithamap

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1.bOCRE

MarciaZeng,2018DIS 12http://numismatics.org/ocre/

1.bOCRE

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Formoreinformation• Webinar:EthanGruber:From0to60onSPARQLqueriesin50minutes,May

13,2015WatchtheYouTube:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YhG5QQmhvU

• EthanGruber’swebpagehttp://numismatics.org/ethangruber/– WhereyoucanconnecttohisGithub,https://github.com/ewg118– SPARQLquerieshttps://gist.github.com/ewg118

• AFinalreportsubmittedtothefunder,NEH,2017– http://www.dayofarchaeology.com/final-report-to-the-neh-for-online-coins-of-the-roman-empire/

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OnlineCoinsoftheRomanEmpire(OCRE)

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2. Bibliographicdataa. WorldCatb. TheBritishNationalBibliography(BNB)

3. Knowledgeorganizationsystems(KOS)- thesauri,nameauthorities,andothera. FASTb. GettyVocabs


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LearnbyAnalyzing

*LAM=Libraries,archives,andmuseumsMarciaZeng,2018DIS

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http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/246662790

http://viaf.org/viaf/102333412

schema:creator

creatorPrideandPrejudice


Case:2.aWorldCat

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Case2.bTheBritishNationalBibliography(BNB)-- usesitsownontology

About:• TheBritishLibraryisthenationallibraryoftheUKandisresponsiblefor

distributingmetadatadescribingitscollections andrecordingUKpublishingoutputintheBritishNationalBibliography(BNB) http://bnb.data.bl.uk.

• In2011,theBritishLibrarybeganpublishingaLODversionoftheBNBaspartofitsopenmetadatastrategy.ThemovetoLODBNBprovedinfluentialamongthelibrarycommunityinmovingtheLinkedData‘debate’fromtheorytopractice.

• TheLODBNBhascontinuedtoevolvewithregularmonthlyupdates,theinclusionofnewlinks(e.g.totheISNI)andcontent(e.g.serials).

Try:• GotoitsFlint Sparql Endpointat:http://bnb.data.bl.uk/flint-sparq• Usethesamplequeriestoseeexamples.• Trytoformyourownqueriesandgetdifferentdatasets.

Read:• Howtogetthebulkdownloadhttp://www.bl.uk/bibliographic/download.html

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References: Lists of all classes, properties, and prefixes of the metadata vocabularies used by BNB.

2. Results in Plain text. Other output options are XML and JSON.

1. Query text for “Which titles by detective writer Ian Rankin appear in the BNB?”

SELECT*WHERE{?s?p?o}

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2. Bibliographicdata– WorldCat



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LearnbyAnalyzing


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Source:extractedscreenshots(2017-07-12)Fromhttp://fast.oclc.org/searchfast/

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3.KOSa.FAST

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Source:extractedscreenshots(2017-07-12)athttp://experimental.worldcat.org/fast/35588/rdf.xml

JohnF.Kennedy’sentryinFASTisenrichedwithothersources.

• TheDBpedia identifiersallowFASTtermstoincludedetailedinformationthatisusuallyexcludedinauthorityrecords.

• TheVIAFURIallowsFASTtermstotakeadvantageofallofthevariousstringvaluesincludedinVIAFwithouthavingtomanuallyincludethevaluesintheRDFtriplesforthespecificterm.

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3.KOSa.FAST

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Imagesource:CapturedAug.2017.http://experimental.worldcat.org/mapfast/

TheGeoNamesdataisusedtopowerMapFAST,whichisaGoogleMapsmash-up.

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3.KOSa.FAST




3. Knowledgeorganizationsystems(KOS)- thesauri,nameauthorities,andothersa. FASTb. GettyVocabs


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LearnbyAnalyzing


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http://vocab.getty.edu/sparql

http://vocab.getty.edu

http://vocab.getty.edu/queriesMarciaZeng,2018DIS

3.KOSb.GettyVocabs

GettyVocabsLOD

AATTGNULAN[CONA]

We will try them at the Hands-on session.

Atthequerytemplatespage

FindthesectionforULAN.

Therearemanyinterestingqueryexamples.

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http://vocab.getty.edu/queries

Nameauthoritiesofferfoundationalstructureddatafornetworkanalyses.

Whatkindsofqueryexamples?

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3.b.GettyVocabs

ULAN

UnionListofArtistNames

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Howtouseatemplate?(1)Chooseaquery(left),e.g.,#5.2;thetemplateboxwillshowup(lower-right).(2)Atthattemplatebox’supper-rightcorner,clickonthatSPARQLsign;thequerywillautomaticallyjumpuptotheQuerybox(top).(3)Submit.

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ULAN

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Theresult:“allassociativerelationshipsofulan:500115493Duerer,Albrecht”(showingaportionoftheresults).

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ULAN

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http://vocab.getty.edu/queries#Top-level_Subjects

Browse the examples of queries

You can obtaining special RDF graphs or datasets for very complicated questions, andrevealing unknown relationships.

KOSinLODbecomeknowledgebasesofresearch.

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TGN

ThesaurusforGeographicNames(TGN)

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Steps: (1) Choose #4.18 query, (2) click on that SPARQL sign in that 4.18 template box. After click on that SPARQL sign, the query should be automatically uploaded to the top box. (3) Submit. Note: Since this is a complicated query, it will run a few seconds. Be patient.

E.g.,LookforcastlesaroundTheNetherlands(withintheboundaryof50.7871853.38972253.5422657.169019)

TGN

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E.g.,LookforcastlesaroundTheNetherlands

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(4) Download the datasets in a selected format.The best way is to download the csvfile. (5) You should either keep the query in your CSV file or make a note what you searched for and in which boundary.

Finished.6

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Optional:(6) Click on any castle’s ID, & open the single data record for this concept. (7) Click on the Website to see its normal html view.

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TGN

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E.g.,Queryaspecificplacetype(e.g.,WorldHeritageSites)inageographicboundary.Gottheresults&downloadabledatasets:

WorldHeritageSiteswithin(24.7508328.9577843.80722108.92861)aroundtheSilkroad.

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TGN

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Use a <Guide Term> to obtain all concept URIs

and preferred terms in the hierarchies (for a

microthesaurus or a pick list)

in <xyz>

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Microthesaurus =designatedsubsetofathesaurus thatiscapableoffunctioningasacompletethesaurus.

-- ISO25964-2:2013

CreateMicrothesauri orpicklistsfromtheGettyLODVocabularies

AAT(cont.)3.KOSb.GettyVocabs

ArtandArchitectureThesaurus(AAT)

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LearnbyAnalyzing


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https://scholars.cornell.edu/

Scholars@Cornell

Scholars@Cornelloffersintegratedandindividualizedprofilesabout:• faculty,• instituteunits,

researchdomains,

• collaboratingnetworks,and

• academicoutcomes.


E.g.,Chooseonefacultymemberorresearcher

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Forexample,whenlookingforaninformationscienceresearcher,Ifoundaprofessor,SusanR.Fussell.• Whatdoesthisprofile

tellusaboutthisperson?

• Howarethingsconnected?

"Co-Authors”"Co-Investigators”

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• https://scholars.cornell.edu/35

Allinteractive.Datavaluesinvariousontologicalclassesareconnected,integrated.

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VIVO(notanacronym)isawell-knownontology-basedscholarlynetworkinganddiscoverytoolformanaginginformationandknowledgeinlargeinstitutionsandassociations,asdemonstratedbytheVIVO-poweredwebsitese.g.,• ScrippsResearchInstitute,• U.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,• UNAVCO,and• manyothers-seeregistry:

http://duraspace.org/registry/vivo

• InotherVIVO-basedsite,therearealsoMapofScience

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The changing concepts•(seeing from the content)

– From "Web of Documents" to "Web of Data"– From linking strings to linking things– From digitization to datalization

•(seeing from the results)– From "On the Web" to "Of the Web”

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Summary

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What is Linked Data?

• -- is a term used to describe a method of exposing, sharing, and connecting data on the Web using URIs and RDF

• --is about: • using the Web to connect related data that

was not previously linked, • using the Web to lower the barriers to linking

data currently linked using other methods. [1]

[1] http://linkeddata.org/

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