linking relief, rehabilitation and development: un …...linking relief, rehabilitation and...

LINKINGRELIEF,REHABILITATIONANDDEVELOPMENT:UN-HABITATGENDER-RESPONSIVEENGAGEMENTIN

POST-CONFLICTCONTEXTS

Barcelona,20th-21stApril2016

FinalVersion17May,2016

Withthecollaborationof:

2ACRONYMSAGGI AdvisoryGrouponGenderIssuesAUPP AfghanistanUrbanPeacebuildingProgrammeBBB BuildBackBetterCDCs CommunityDevelopmentCouncilsCEDAW ConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationAgainstWomenCSO CivilSocietyOrganisationDED DeputyExecutiveDirectorDEVAW DeclarationontheEliminationofViolenceAgainstWomenECHA ExecutiveCommitteeonHumanitarianAffairsEGM ExpertGroupMeetingFAO FoodandAgriculturalOrganisationFARC RevolutionaryArmedForcesofColombia—People'sArmyGBV GenderbasedViolenceGEWE GenderEqualityandWomen’sEmpowermentGNWP GlobalNetworkofWomenPeacekeepersHabitatIII TheThirdUnitedNationsConferenceonHumanSettlementsHRBA HumanRights-basedApproachIASC Inter-AgencyStandingCommitteeIDP InternallyDisplacedPersonISIS IslamicStateofIraqandtheLevantLRRD Linkingrisk,rehabilitationanddevelopmentM&E MonitoringandEvaluationNGO Non-governmentalorganisationNUA TheNewUrbanAgendaPsP People’sProcessSDGs SustainableDevelopmentGoalsUNWomen UnitedNationsEntityforGenderEqualityandWomen’sEmpowermentUN-Habitat UnitedNationsHumanSettlementsProgrammeUNDG UnitedNationsDevelopmentGroupUNHCR UnitedNationsHighCommissionerforRefugeesUNICEF UnitedNationsChildren’sFundUNSCR UnitedNationsSecurityCouncilResolutionVAW ViolenceagainstwomenWASH Water,SanitationandHygieneWGT WorkingGrouponTransitionsWIEGO WomeninInformalEmployment:GlobalisingandOrganisingWRC Women’sRefugeeCommission

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CONTENTS

ACRONYMS..................................................................................................................................2

CONTENTS...................................................................................................................................3

BACKGROUND..............................................................................................................................4

ALIGNMENTWITHINTERNATIONALAGENDAS...............................................................................6

THEUN-HABITATEXPERTGROUPMEETING...................................................................................8PURPOSE..............................................................................................................................................8ISSUEAREAS.........................................................................................................................................8OUTCOME............................................................................................................................................8

THEMATICPANELS.....................................................................................................................11PANELONE:GENDER-RESPONSIVEACTIONINLINKINGRISK,REHABILITATIONANDDEVELOPMENT&THENEWURBANAGENDA..........................................................................................................................11

OBJECTIVE...............................................................................................................................................11KEYOUTCOMEMESSAGES......................................................................................................................11DISCUSSION............................................................................................................................................13

PANELTWO:PRESENTATIONOFTHEPEOPLE’SPROCESSANDCASESTUDIESOFGENDER-RESPONSIVEENGAGEMENT.....................................................................................................................................14


PANELTHREE:PRESENTATIONOFCASESTUDIES&METHODSFORINCLUDINGGRASSROOTSWOMENINPOST-CONFLICTCONTEXTS...................................................................................................................18


PANELFOUR:ACADEMIC&RESEARCHPERSPECTIVEONREFUGEESANDSAFETY&SECURITYINURBANSETTINGS.............................................................................................................................................21

OBJECTIVE...............................................................................................................................................21KEYOUTCOMEMESSAGES......................................................................................................................21

CLOSINGOFDAYONE.................................................................................................................22

WORKINGGROUPSESSIONS.......................................................................................................23OBJECTIVE...........................................................................................................................................23KEYMESSAGES.....................................................................................................................................23HOUSING&LIVELIHOODS.....................................................................................................................24

COMMENTS............................................................................................................................................24SAFETY&SECURITY..............................................................................................................................25SPATIALPLANNING..............................................................................................................................25

COMMENTS............................................................................................................................................26

CLOSING....................................................................................................................................27

ANNEXES...................................................................................................................................28ANNEX1:COMMUNIQUÉ.....................................................................................................................28ANNEX2:PARTICIPANTSLIST................................................................................................................33ANNEX3:EGMPROGRAMME...............................................................................................................34

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BACKGROUNDTheWorldHumanitarianSummit(23-24May2016)isacall-to-actionbyUnitedNationsSecretary-GeneralBanKi-moontotransformtheapproachtohumanitariancrises.TheSummitprovidestheplatformtofosternewpartnershipsandpushforthenecessarychangesrequiredto improvethelivesofallpeopleaffectedbyconflictordisaster1.Thiscall-to-actionfollows25yearsofdebateemphasizingthe importanceof linkinghumanitariananddevelopmentaid,often referred toas linking risk, rehabilitationanddevelopment (LRRD). Infact, the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) was established in June 1992 in response toGeneral Assembly Resolutions 46/1822 to serve as the primary mechanism for inter-agencycoordinationrelatingtohumanitarianassistance.UN-HabitatisanoperationalmemberofIASCanduses this platform to advocate for the adoption of approaches to bridge humanitarian anddevelopment. It is engaged in the Shelter; Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH); and EarlyRecoveryClusters,thelatterofwhichworkstoestablishthefoundationsforlonger-termrecovery.More recently, the United Nations Development Group (UNDG) –of which UN-Habitat is also amember–,establishedtheUNWorkingGrouponTransitions(WGT)andcrisis/post-crisistransitionas a Strategic Priority for theGroup. The purpose of theWGT is to act as a collaborative forumbetween the UNDG and the Executive Committee on Humanitarian Affairs (ECHA), with theobjectivetodeveloppolicyguidanceonissuesrelatingtotransitioncontexts.Evidently, therearenotabledifferencesbetweenhumanitariananddevelopment action;but thisobservationdoesnoteclipsethecommongroundbetweenthetwoapproaches:buildingresilience.On the one hand, humanitarian assistance is driven by humanitarian law in response andcharacterized by rapid life-saving assistance in onset crises and disasters. On the other hand,developmentworkisdefinedbyinterventionsaimedatsustainability,andsystematizesresponsestocrisesbyembeddingprovisionsinStateruleoflawandpolicyframeworks.Post-conflict contextsare situations “inwhichopenwarfarehas come toanend. Such situationsremaintenseforyearsordecadesandcaneasilyrelapseintolarge-scaleviolence”3.Apost-conflictcontext can further be characterized by negative or positive peace, the former of which ischaracterizedbyindirectandstructuralviolenceandnotonlydirectviolence.Positivepeaceentailsrestoration of relationships, the creation of social systems that serve the needs of the wholepopulationandtheconstructiveresolutionofconflict.4Thiscanonlybeachievedthroughinclusionofallstakeholders.Unfortunately,womenandgirls facemultipledisadvantages inpost-conflict contexts.Within thisgroup, the layered identities of indigenous women, international undocumented migrants, andrefugees,willrenderthemparticularlyvulnerable.Violencestirredfromconflictonlycontributestoexacerbating negative dynamics, leaving women at the margins in post-conflict contexts.Addressing the factors of marginalization becomes essential for supporting stabilization andreconstruction.Hence,itisvitaltotheprocessesofrehabilitation,resettlementandreconstruction,thatwomen’sandgirls’differentroles,capacities,vulnerabilitiesandneedsarerecognized intheplanningand retrofittingofhumansettlements inpost-conflict contexts.TheUNSCR1325 (2000)represents an important framework mandating the meaningful role of women in post-conflict 1GeneralAssembly(A/70/709)(2016)OneHumanity:SharedResponsibilityReportoftheSecretary-GeneralfortheWorldHumanitarianSummit2http://www.un.org/documents/ga/res/46/a46r182.htm3Junne,G.&Verokren,W.(Ed).(2005)Post-conflictdevelopment:meetingnewchallenges4JohanGaltung,1996

5processes, and an important point of convergence in programming both humanitarian anddevelopmentinitiatives.Moreover,acrossthedevelopingworld,citiesarerapidlyexpandingandbecomingtheplacewheremostpeoplelive.Inturn,theyarethealsotheprimarysitesofconflictandpost-conflictrealities.Itstands to reason that, UN-Habitat, the UN agency mandated with sustainable development ofhumansettlements,hasbeenactivelyinvolvedinpost-conflictsituations.UN-Habitat is well positioned to work in close collaboration with humanitarian agencies5. TheAgencyhasundertakenengagementinpost-conflictandemployedtheBuildBackBetterapproach6iandthePeople’sProcess(PsP)methodology7iiinreconstruction,aswellas,beenguidedbytheUNPrinciples on Housing and Property Restitution for Refugees and Displaced Persons (the PinheiroPrinciples)8 to address the plight of displaced persons and refugees. At present, UN-Habitatsupports authorities in addressing post-conflict in countries such as Afghanistan, theDemocraticRepublicofCongo,Iraq,Palestine,Somalia,SriLanka,Syria,amongothers.Here,urbanareashavefaced a massive influx of displaced people and relief actors; breakdown of services; weakenedinstitutions;anddestructionofinfrastructureandbuildings.

5 Humanitarian Affairs and the Role of UN-Habitat, Strategic Policy on Human Settlements in Crisis and Sustainable Relief and ReconstructionFramework(UN-Habitat2008)6http://mirror.unhabitat.org/downloads/docs/FA7_products.pdf;http://www.wcdrr.org/uploads/Reconstructing-after-disasters-Build-back-better.pdf7http://www.fukuoka.unhabitat.org/docs/index_en.html;8CentreforHousingRightsandEvictions.ThePinheiroPrinciples:UnitedNationsPrinciplesonHousingandPropertyRestitutioniBuildingBackBettercallsfortheincorporationofdisasterriskreductionmeasuresintopost-disasterrecoveryandrehabilitationprocessesanduseofopportunitiesduringtherecoveryphasetodevelopcapacitiesthatreducedisasterriskinthelongterm.Oneofthemostsignificantlessonsofthelastfewdecadeshasbeenthatsimplyrebuildingcommunitiestopre-disasterstandardswillrecreatethevulnerabilitiesthatexistedearlierandexposethemtocontinuingdevastationfromfuturedisasters.Overtheyearsthereasbeenanappreciationthatreconstructionisanopportunitytobuildbackbetter.iiUN-Habitat’simplementationofbuildingbackbetterisprimarilythroughcommunity-leddevelopmentinwhichaffectedpopulationstakechargeof their recovery, rehabilitation anddevelopment. TheProcess is the collaborationofmanyhouseholds in a community to establish communalinterestssuchaswater,sanitation,infrastructure,etc.,andtoestablishandmanagethelocalinstitutionalinfrastructurethroughwhichtheybuild,ormanagethebuildingoftheirhomes.Itisagenericmodel,developedtoreflectandformalizetraditionalpracticeandtofacilitatefunctionallinksbetweenthetraditionalandthemodern,thelocalandtheglobal.

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ALIGNMENTWITHINTERNATIONALAGENDASINTER-AGENCYSTANDINGCOMMITTEE(IASC)&UNITEDNATIONSDEVELOPMENTGROUP(UNDG)UN-Habitat is a committed member of the IASC and UNDG. In 2016, theWorking Group on Transitions(WGT)wasestablishedasaStrategyPriorityfortheGroup.CONVENTIONONTHEELIMINATIONOFALLFORMSOFDISCRIMINATIONAGAINSTWOMEN(CEDAW)(1979)

• Article 2: States Parties condemn discrimination against women in all its forms, agree to pursue by allappropriatemeansandwithoutdelayapolicyofeliminatingdiscriminationagainstwomenand, to thisend,undertake:

(a) To embody the principle of the equality ofmen andwomen in their national constitutions orother appropriate legislation if not yet incorporated therein and to ensure, through law andotherappropriatemeans,thepracticalrealizationofthisprinciple;

(b) To adopt appropriate legislative and other measures, including sanctions where appropriate,prohibitingalldiscriminationagainstwomen;

(c) Toestablish legalprotectionoftherightsofwomenonanequalbasiswithmenandtoensurethrough competent national tribunals and other public institutions the effective protection ofwomenagainstanyactofdiscrimination;

(d) Torefrain fromengaging inanyactorpracticeofdiscriminationagainstwomenand toensurethatpublicauthoritiesandinstitutionsshallactinconformitywiththisobligation;

(e) To take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women by any person,organizationorenterprise;

(f) To take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to modify or abolish existing laws,regulations,customsandpracticeswhichconstitutediscriminationagainstwomen;

DECLARATIONONTHEELIMINATIONOFVIOLENCEAGAINSTWOMEN(DEVAW)(1993)• Article 2: Violence against women shall be understood to encompass, but not be limited to, the

following:a) Physical,sexualandpsychologicalviolenceoccurringinthefamily,includingbattering,sexual

abuse of female children in the household, dowry-related violence, marital rape, femalegenitalmutilationandother traditionalpracticesharmful towomen,non-spousal violenceandviolencerelatedtoexploitation;

b) Physical, sexual and psychological violence occurring within the general community,including rape, sexual abuse, sexual harassment and intimidation at work, in educationalinstitutionsandelsewhere,traffickinginwomenandforcedprostitution;

c) Physical,sexualandpsychologicalviolenceperpetratedorcondonedbytheState,whereveritoccurs.

• Article 3: Women are entitled to the equal enjoyment and protection of all human rights andfundamentalfreedomsinthepolitical,economic,social,cultural,civiloranyotherfield.Theserightsinclude,interalia:

a) Therighttolife;b) Therighttoequality;c) Therighttolibertyandsecurityofperson;d) Therighttoequalprotectionunderthelaw;e) Therighttobefreefromallformsofdiscrimination;f) Therighttothehigheststandardattainableofphysicalandmentalhealth;g) Therighttojustandfavourableconditionsofwork;h) Therightnottobesubjectedtotorture,orothercruel,inhumanordegradingtreatmentor

punishment.BEIJINGDECLARATIONANDPLATFORMFORACTION&UNITEDNATIONS SECURITYCOUNCILRESOLUTION(UNSCR)1325(2000)CriticalareasofconcernrelevanttothisEGMinBeijingDeclarationandPlatformforActioninclude:Womenandarmedconflict

7RelatingtoResolution1325(2000)thefollowingarticlesaremostrelevanttothisEGM:

• Article1:UrgesMemberStatestoensureincreasedrepresentationofwomenatalldecision-makinglevelsinnational, regional and international institutions and mechanisms for the prevention, management, andresolutionofconflict;

• Article12:Callsuponallpartiestoarmedconflicttorespectthecivilianandhumanitariancharacterofrefugeecampsandsettlements,andto take intoaccount theparticularneedsofwomenandgirls, including in theirdesign,andrecallsitsresolutions1208(1998)of19November1998and1296(2000)of19April2000;

• Article8 (a):Callson all actors involved,whennegotiatingand implementingpeaceagreements, toadoptagender perspective, including, inter alia: The special needs of women and girls during repatriation andresettlementandforrehabilitation,reintegrationandpost-conflictreconstruction.

SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTGOALS(2015)Goal11:Makecitiesinclusive,safe,resilientandsustainable.Inparticular:

• 11.3:By2030,enhance inclusiveand sustainableurbanizationandcapacity forparticipatory, integratedandsustainablehumansettlementplanningandmanagementinallcountries.

• 11.7By2030,provideuniversalaccesstosafe,inclusiveandaccessible,greenandpublicspaces,inparticularforwomenandchildren,olderpersonsandpersonswithdisabilities.

• 11.9:By2020,substantiallyincreasethenumberofcitiesandhumansettlementsadoptingandimplementingintegrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climatechange, resilience todisasters, anddevelop and implement, in linewith the Sendai Framework forDisasterRiskReduction2015-2030,holisticdisasterriskmanagementatalllevels.

Goal5:Achievegenderequalityandempowerallwomenandgirls.Inparticular:• 5.1:Endallformsofdiscriminationagainstallwomenandgirlseverywhere.• 5.2: Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including

traffickingandsexualandothertypesofexploitation.• 5.7:Undertakereformstogivewomenequalrightstoeconomicresources,aswellasaccesstoownershipand

control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources, inaccordancewithnationallaws.

WORLDHUMANITARIANSUMMIT(2016)The Summit will mark a major step toward improved collaboration toward linking the divide betweenhumanitarian and development work. Moreover, organizers of The Global Alliance for Urban Crises areplanning to use this Summit and Habitat III Conference in October to bring together city leaders, urbanprofessionals,thedevelopmentcommunity,andtheprivatesector;asameanstosignificantlybroadenthestrategiesthathavelongtypifiedhumanitarianresponseinurbanareasintheaftermathofnaturaldisastersandothercrises.THE THIRD UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON HUMAN SETTLEMENTS (HABITAT III) & THE NEW URBANAGENDA(2016)ThisEGMalignswiththefollowingissueareas:

• SocialCohesionandEquity–LivableCities• SpatialDevelopment• UrbanHousingandBasicServices

Specifically, it also aligns to the Urban Resilience issue paper under thematic area Urban Ecology andEnvironment.

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THEUN-HABITATEXPERTGROUPMEETINGTheEGMgathered25internationalandnationalexpertsworkingonissuesofgenderequalityinpost-conflictandrefugeecontextsworldwide(seeAnnex1forfulllistofexpertsandorganisers).PURPOSETheoverarchingobjectiveofthisExpertsGroupMeeting(EGM)wastoshowcaseandanalyseUN-Habitat’sPsPmethodologyforthepurposesofgenderequalityinpost-conflictcontexts.ISSUEAREASUnderthisoverarchinggoal,participantsoftheEGMalsoworkedgroupsonthreeissueareasinrelationtogenderequalityinpost-context:housingandlivelihoods,safetyandsecurity,andspatialplanning:

1. Housing & Livelihoods: Unstable access to housing and livelihoods are vulnerable situations thatwomenandgirlsdisproportionallyface.Genderinequalityinthecontextsofownership,accessandcontrol of assets, such as land and property is acknowledged as a major contributing factor inhinderinghumandevelopment.Moreover,thesetwoissueprovethemostvulnerability-causingforurbanrefugeesandaretheunderlyingcausesofgender-basedviolence(GBV)risk9.

2. Safety&Security:Post-conflictcontextspresentaprevalenceofgender-basedviolence(GBV).Thebreakdownofruleoflawandsocialsafetynetsduringconflict,renderwomenandgirlsvulnerabletospecific forms of violence, namely sexual violence, human trafficking and child, early and forcedmarriage.Withinthisframeofvulnerability,accesstobasicserviceprovisioncanplayacriticalrole.It follows that design and/or management of basic services in post-conflict contexts can have aprofoundimpactontheprevalenceofviolence.

3. Spatial Planning: Gender-responsive planning focuses on the distribution of space and time. Theusabilityandfunctionalityofacity,aswellas, itsusefulnessforpeoplewhoduetotheirindividuallife-phasespend,onaverage,moretimeintheimmediatevicinityoftheirhome.Thislatterpointisinformed by traditional gender-divisions in labour, specifically marked by gender differentiatedparticipationinthecare-economy.

OUTCOME

ü CommuniquéofkeymessagesandrecommendationsforleveragingattheWorldHumanitarianSummitinGeneva,priortoHabitatIII.SeeAnnex1.

9Women’sRefugeeCommission(2016)MeanStreets:identifyingandrespondingtourbanrefugees’riskofgender-basedviolence.

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INTRODUCTIONANDOPENNINGSESSIONLauraPerezCastañobeganbythankingallparticipantsandwelcomingeveryonetotheCityofBarcelona.Shenotedthatitwasanhonourtobeamongthosepresent.Sheinauguratedthemeetingbymakingspecialmention to thoseaffectedby theearthquakes inEcuadorand Japan,and to those sufferingasa resultofEuropean borders closing to those seeking opportunities. Within this vein, she went on to say it wasparamountthatthisMeetingwastofocusontheissuesofpost-conflict.SheaddedthattheBarcelonaCityCouncilisaforerunneringendermainstreamingthroughoutitsendeavours.Next, she showcased that the City of Barcelona is focusing on gender mainstreaming across its publicpolicies. Indeed, the city is currently preparing the city plan on gender justice focusing on urbanpolicies,cultureanddifferentaspectsofdesign,implementationandevaluation.Perez Castaño went on to highlight the importance of sharing knowledge and solutions in linkinghumanitarianassistanceanddevelopmentworkinrelationtourbancontexts.Shestressedtheimportanceofhavingempathyandcomraderyatthelocal-level,asopposedtodistantStatestructures.Later,sheunderscoredthatapplyingcross-cuttingperspectivestoreconstruction,isthedifferencebetweenbuilding justice or supporting the power structures that have led conflict. In fact, there is no possiblereparation without taking into account all peoples responsible for extending support networks to livetogether.Therefore,thereisnoreparationwithoutjustice,andnojusticewithoutgenderjustice.PerezCastañoadvocated theneed to continuedeveloping instruments inorder toput a focusongendermainstreaming. However, she added that not everything depends on the development of guidelines andtools.Shepointedtothefactthatithasbeen20yearssinceBeijing,andweareawarethatsuchtoolsarenottheonlyelementrequiredforensuringgenderequality.Indeed,ifitwasonlyamattertooldevelopment,gendermainstreamingandgenderequalitywouldhavebeenachievedfromtheseatofinstitutions.Inconclusion,sheendedbynotingthat it isachallengetoremovetheestablishedhierarchicalandpowerstructureswhenceinjusticesderive.Thisisachallenge,specifically,achallengeatthelocallevel.Finally,shereiterated her thanks to participants and the organisers for inviting the Barcelona City Hall to open theMeeting.Joan Clos (via videomessage) began hismessage by thanking all themembers of the AdvisoryGroup onGenderIssues(AGGI);andinparticular,theChairoftheGroup,AminataDramaneTraoré,forconveningthismeetinginhishomecityofBarcelona.Inaddition,heexpressedhiswishthattheCityofBarcelonabehelpfulinfacilitatingtheMeetingdiscussionsandworktoprovidetheparticipantswithanenjoyablestayintheCity.He went on to note that gender equality is essential to peacebuilding, adding that this has beendemonstratedcountlessof times.Moreover,he stressed the importance thatwomenhaveaccess to landand tenure security because women often play a disproportionate role in community development.Therefore,workingwithcommunities,impliesworkingwithwomen.Clos concluded his message by reiterating the the need to increase the formalisation of women’scontributionsinthewayofpeacebuilding.HeaddedthathelookedforwardtohearingthecontributionsandrecommendationstocomefromthisExpertGroupMeeting.

10Aisa Kirabo Kacyira thanked andwelcomed all those gathered at the EGM. She noted that the two dayswouldbeintense,withpresentationsfromvariousExpertsandthattheoutcomewouldbeaCommuniquéoutliningrecommendationstobecarriedforthtointernationalSummitsandConferences.Namely,shedrewparticipants’attentiontotheupcomingWorldHumanitarianSummitslatedfor23-24May2016, in Istanbul,notingthat itprovidesaplatformtofosternewpartnershipsandpushforthenecessarychangesrequiredtoimprovethelivesofallpeopleaffectedbyconflictordisaster,inparticularwomenandgirls.Next, she emphasised that poverty is one of the main consequences of conflict. In this reality, thefeminization of poverty is exacerbated by conflict. Unfortunately, women and girls face multipledisadvantagesinpost-conflictcontexts.Withinthisgroup,theintersectingidentitiesof indigenouswomen,internationalundocumentedmigrants,andrefugees,willrenderthemparticularlyvulnerabletopovertyandinsecurity.Finally,sheconcludedbystressingthatUN-Habitatisuniquelypositionedtoworkinclosecollaborationwithhumanitarian agencies. The Agency has engaged in post-conflict and employed the Build Back BetterapproachandthePsPmethodologyinreconstruction.AminataDramaneTraorébeganherinterventionbyexpressingshockatthewide-spreadVAW,inparticularwithreferencetosexualviolence.ShenotedthatcurrentlythesituationisworsethaneverandnotexclusivetotheGlobalSouth;referringtotherecentterroristattacksinParisandBrussels,andnotedthatterrorismaffectseveryone,everywhere;therefore,responsemustbeinternationalandequal.Moreover,shestressedthatwomenmustbeinformedintermsoftheprocessesandoccurrenceofviolenceintheirowncountries.EqualitybetweenstateswillbecrucialindiscussingGEWEinternationally.Sheclosedbynotingthatdevelopmentshouldbetoensurethatpeoplehaveagoodlifeintheirowncountryandnottomigrateorgotowar.NesreenBarwaripresentedherpersonaltransitionfromIDP,toUN-HabitatSettlementsOfficer,touniversityProfessor, toMinister, toheadofa localNGOhelping IDPsainKurdistan.Shepointedoutthat forherthepathaway fromviolencewaspacedbyeducationand that this ledher to theUNsystem.Shenoted thatpeopleinhercountry(Iraq)continuetoliveinacountrydrawnonamap,inasecludedroominafar-awaycountry.Thishistory,hasleadtoacountrywithahugediversityofreligionsandcultures.Indeed,shenotedthatsheispartofthelargestgroupofpeopleintheworldwithoutacountry(Kurds).She stressed that livelihood planning has to be sustainable and carried out in conjunction with thecommunity.Indeed,Barwarinotedthatbeingawomaninaleadershippositionhasgivenhertheinsightthatengagingthewholecommunityisparamount.Toclose,shehighlighted, thatdespitetheconflictshehas faced,shehasbeencompletelyunpreparedforthe reality of ISIS, pointing out that women and children are disproportionally affected by this currentlyreality.

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THEMATICPANELS

PANEL ONE: GENDER-RESPONSIVE ACTION IN LINKING RISK, REHABILITATION ANDDEVELOPMENT&THENEWURBANAGENDA

OBJECTIVEThispanelelaboratedontheactivitiesofinternationalactorsinlinkingrisk,rehabilitationanddevelopment(LRRD),withaparticularfocusonengagementsundertakinggender-responsivemethodsinthefield.Theseoverviews preceded an interactive discussion on the methodologies employed by different internationalactors in post-conflict contexts,with a particular focus on the specific issue areas of the EGM:housing&livelihoods,safety&securityandspatialplanning.

KEYOUTCOMEMESSAGESü Reparations are key in transitional processes; in creating a platform for theGovernment and the people to

repairrelations;ü GEWEinterritorialplanningiskeyforsustainablelinkbetweenrehabilitationanddevelopment;ü Itisparamounttobringcivilsocietyorganizations,women’sgroupsonboard,ensurethattheseorganizations

areproperlyfunded;ü Thedisplacedshouldnotbetreatedasmererecipients,theyareparamountinstoppingrecurrenceofconflict;

andü Localizationshouldinfluencethenational,regionalandinternationalstrategyforwomen’sparticipation.

Mariko Sato enthusiastically welcomed all participants and noted that UN-Habitat has practices on theground thatmustmove to the policy level. Shewent on to suggest that the title of the EGM should begender-responsiveactionatthecentreoflinkingrisk,rehabilitationanddevelopment.Finally,shewelcomedthepresentersBelénSanzDuqueandMavicCabrera-Balleza.BelénSanzDuquethankedallcolleaguesinSpainandallthosebriningknowledgetotheEGM.ShebeganbyoutliningUNWomen’sactivities relating towomen, conflict andpeace-building. She stressed thatwomenpeaceandsecurityisaboutpreventingwar,notaboutmakingitsaferforwomen.First,shenotedthatwomen’slivesworseninconflict:maternalmortalityincreasesinconflictcontexts,andincountrieswithconflictthereis9percentleveloflandtenureamongwomen,comparedto19percentinnon-conflictcountries.Thereafter, she moved to the example of Colombia. She outlined that Colombia is a country wherein 8millionpeoplehavebeenvictimsoftheconflictbetweentheStateandtheFARC.Indeed,50percentofthedisplacedarewomen:theyhavealsofacedpropertylossandsexualviolence.SanzDuqueunderscoredthatUNWomen has noted that, in Colombia, there needs to be a serious consideration of the continuum ofhumanitarianassistanceanddevelopmentwork.Moreover, SanzDuque added that reparationshaveproved vital in transitional justice in thepost-conflictcontext in Colombia. The reparations programme demonstrates that reparations can recognise women’srights and can serve as a measure of justice. Indeed, reparations have proven a key policy in bringingtogethertheGovernmentandthePeople.Furthermore,women’sgroupshavebeenadvocatingthatthereisa need to connect financial reparations with transformative reparations (social, economic and culturalrights).Therefore,thishasbeentheprimaryfocusofUNWomeninColombia.Developmentactorscanplayanimportantroleinensuringthatvictimsreceivereparations,bysupportinggovernmentstoactaccordingly,andhelpinggovernmenttodesignprogrammes.

12SheemphasisedthatStateandDevelopmentactorsmustworktogetherandensurethatcivilsocietybuildsits capacity. Also another issue that has come up in the reparations process is the desire for collectivereparationsforwomen’sgroups;aswellasthedesireofwomen’sgroupstoparticipate inruralandurbanplanning.SanzDuqueconcludedbyhighlightingthatGEWEinterritorialplanningiskeyforestablishingasustainablelinkbetween rehabilitationanddevelopment. It is integral response topost-conflict contextsand requireswomen’srights.MavicCabrera-Balleza thankedUN-Habitat fororganising theEGMandnoted thatmeetings like theseareimportant to breaking silos and getting the conversation started on bridging humanitarian assistance anddevelopmentwork. She added that in herworkwithGNWP the organizationmanaged to localiseUNSCR1325in12countries,thiswasatriumphinbringinginternationalpolicytothelocallevel.Cabrera-BallezawentontooutlinethecurrentconflictinthePhilippines.Shestressedthatit isthesecondlongest running conflict in theworld and it is compoundedby gang and clan violence. Therehasbeen amassive IDP issue in the country, sincemanypeoplehave fled as a result of the fightingbetween IslamicgroupsandtheGovernment. Indeed,whatthesurge ingangviolencehasdemonstrated isthatviolence isoftenmoreexciting thanpeace.Thisnotion isone thatneeds tobe carefullyworkedonandchanged.Atpresent,theissuesthatplaguethePhilippinesareexclusion,under-development,resistancetogovernmentcontrolandtheexploitationofnaturalresources.Moreover, sheemphasised thatnaturaldisastershaveonlymanaged to further compound theconflictbykeepingpopulationsinaconstantstateofdisplacement.Theseintersectionalitiesmakewomenvulnerableinpatriarchalsocieties.Nonetheless,thePhilippineshasaveryadvancedlegalframeworkinfavourofGEWE,ithastheMagnaCartaofWomen(localtranslationofCEDAW),yettherearegapsontheground.Shenotedthat thecaseof thePhilippinesdemonstratesthatwhileastrong legal framework is important,thisalonedoesnoteensuretherightsofwomen.Toconclude,shepresentedtheMeetingwithalistofrecommendations:

1. It is paramount to bring civil society organizations, women’s groups on board, therefore, ensure theseorganizationsareproperlyfunded;

2. Thedisplacedshouldnotbetreatedasmererecipients,theyareimportantinstoppingrecurrenceofconflict;3. Monitoringisfundamental,especiallybyindependentorganizations;4. Localizationshouldinfluencethenational,regionalandinternationalstrategyforwomen’sparticipation;and5. Forgetwomenasvictims,weneedtotalkaboutwomenasofferingsolutionsthatwork.

Respondent,JanPeterson:beganbythankingthepresentersandnotingthatthemeetinghadgottenofftoapositivestart.Sheemphasisedthatthekeypointfromthepresenterswasthe importanceofbreakingsilos,particularlywithUNWomen.Petersonnotedthat thediscussionofBuildingBackBetter (BBB) resonatedthemostwithher,becauseshefelt that thepresentersgavea visionofBBBwithwomen included. Indeed, half theproblems it thatpost-conflictcontextshumanitariananddevelopmentpractitionerscome inpreachingHumanRights,butdonotdiscusshowtoturnHumanRightsintoaction.Shecommendedthepresentersfordemonstratingexactlythis:howtoBBBwithwomen’sinclusion.Sheaddedthatwomenareorganisedatthelocallevelanditshouldbetheobjectiveofpractitionerstohelplocalwomenlink-upattheinternationallevel.She concluded thatwehave to go beyondwords andmove into actions.Oneway she suggested tomoveforwardonthiswasbyreflectingonthecommentsofMavicCabrera-Ballezaaboutmakingpeaceexciting.

13DISCUSSIONMargaritaCarranconotedthatwhilethereisanemphasiseoncountriesinconflict,hostcountriesareoftenside-lined.SheaddedthatinthecaseofEcuador,therearenojointpoliciesonthedisplacedwithColombia,forexample.Atpresent,EcuadorishosttomanyColombiansfleeingtheconflict.Therefore,theremustbebilateralpolicies;ifnot,womenwillhavedifficultiesinrebuildingtheirlifeprojects.MaríaTeresaRodríguez-BlandonunderscoredthatinthecaseofGuatemalanewinstitutionsarenecessarytodefendtherightsofwomen.Onlyonmonthagothefirstcaseofsexualslaverywaswon inGuatemala;however, there is no specialised justice for women. Also, she noted that several CSOs have won casesrelatingtolandlossduringtheconflict;paramount,sincelandimpliescommunityresilience.However,theremustbemorethanlandreformafterconflict,theremustbeafocusonnewinstitutions.Aisa Kirabo Kacyira noted that she wanted to put into context the phenomenon of urbanisation. Sheemphasisedthaturbanisationisatooltocreatepeacebuilding,itisalsoanopportunitytofreewomenfromtraditionalconstraints.Therefore,BBBapproachandthePsPmethodologyareaboutbuildingbackpeople’sdignity.Belén Sanz Duque added that transitional institutions, territorial planning and urban planning are key.Therefore,internationalorganizationsneedtosupportwomen’scoalitions,because,ashasbeenthecaseinColombia,womenareakeygrouptopushforwardprocessesofchange.Mariko Sato closed the panel by thanking the presenters, Belén Sanz Duque andMavic Cabrera-Balleza;respondent,JanPeterson,andparticipantsinthediscussion.Sheconcludedbynotingthaturbanizationisarecognisedtoolforbringingbackdignityandidentitylost.

14

PANEL TWO: PRESENTATIONOF THEPEOPLE’S PROCESSANDCASE STUDIESOFGENDER-RESPONSIVEENGAGEMENT

OBJECTIVEThispanelofferedanindepthviewofthePsPanddifferentgender-responsiveengagementsundertakenbyUN-HabitatSomaliaProgramme.Thepresentationspolishedparticipants’understandingofthePsP,whileatthe same timedemonstrating othermethodologies employedby theAgency. The goal of the subsequentpaneldiscussionwastoanalysethePsP.

KEYOUTCOMEMESSAGESü The PsP needs to be taken to the next level in order to ensure large-scale effectiveness. The element of

governanceneedsstrengtheningandtheimportanceoffinanceshouldremainattheforefront;ü Sincethereisalwayslikelyforbeadisconnectbetweentalkingandaction,specificbudgetlinesforwomen’s

prioritiesmustbeinstitutedintoprojects;andü ThePsPmustbeginup-scalinginordertoinfluencenormativeandpolicylevels.

IngaBjörk-KlevbyopenedthePanelbythankingthemeetingorganisers.Shehighlightedtheimportanceofchampioning inmakingchangeandto linkwiththose involved inglobalandnationalprocesses.Shenotedthe importance of working closely with leadership and the people involved in peace and rehabilitationnegotiations.Sheintroducedthepresenters,MatthewFrenchandTeresadelMinistro.Matthew French began by noting the importance of sharing information on how to get things done inchallengingcontexts.HestatedthatthePsPisnotanextraordinarymethodology,noracomplicatedone;itissimplyaboutkeepingpeopleatthecentreofdecisionmaking,resourcesandpowerrelations.Next,heoutlinedthatthePsPconcentratesonorganizingneighbourhoodsandcommunitiestocreatethefoundations fordialogueandactionplans. Themethodology involves a sequenceof steps tomobilize thecommunity, raise awareness and hold democratic elections. At the local-level, Community DevelopmentCouncils(CDCs)areformedandactasarepresentativebodyattheneighbourhoodlevel.HenotedthatthePsPisapowerfulinrestoringdignity,andispracticalinchallengingcontextsandenablingdelivery of results. It is relatively cheap to undertake and enables broad community participation, byencouraging local investment and ownership of the process. PsP works towards putting communityresourcesintoprojects,allowingforownershipandwillingnessofpeopletobecomeagentsofchangeratherthan mere beneficiaries. In addition, the PsP is not sector specific but crosses several sectors and cantypically harness change for small-scale improvements in neighbourhoods including: cleaner saferenvironments,improvedrelationshipsandachievingphysicalchangeontheground.Nevertheless,FrenchacknowledgedthatcomplexitiesandchallengesexistinbringingachievementstoscalewiththePsP.Headded,thatcurrentachievementsarepositivebutarenotenough.Infact,inAfghanistan,UN-Habitatiscurrentlylookingforwaystoscale-upthePsPfromgrassrootstogovernance,whichislooselytermed PsP+20. This stage requires working closely with institutions to strengthen capacities, developpoliciesandstrengthencivilsociety.He stressed that UN-Habitat has the first ever programme to focus on safety for women and girls inAfghanistan. The programme works to mobilize women to become leaders, reclaiming dignity andundertakingskillstraining.Similarly,ataninstitutionallevelUN-HabitatAfghanistanstrivesforgenderparitywithin its staff. At present, the office has a 50/50 representation among international staff and a 30%representationofwomenamongnationalstaff.

15Finally,heconcludedbynotingthatUN-HabitatneedstophaseoutfrombeingthedirectimplementerandGovernmentneedstostepupitsroleinthePsP.Indeed,thisisthetransitionfromhumanitarianassistancetosustainabledevelopmentwork.TeresadelMinistrobeganby giving a flavourofwhereUN-Habitat standsbywayof thePsPandgender-responsiveengagementinSomalia.ShenotedthatthePsPisveryvaluableingendermainstreaming,andagoodtoolforimplementingprojectsinSomalia.ThisisbecausethePsPisaboutputtingpeople–targetofrelief,recoveryandintervention–atthecentre.SheexplainedthatthecoreelementofthePsPisthatprimarygroupsaretheengineforcommunitycontracts, action planning, monitoring and evaluation and so forth. In this sense, the PsP allows for thetransformationofgenderdynamics.She outlined the context of Somalia: one of state-building in process – one portion of the country hasclaimedindependencesince1992.Atpresent,hereisalargeurbanandalargeIDPpopulation.Atthesametime,Somaliahasacombinationofissuesrelatingtocyclicalconflictsincethecollapseoftheregime.Inallitis estimated that since the fall of the regime there have been 65 incidents of conflict, alongwith naturaldisasterssuchasdroughtandflooding.Forexample,elNiñodisplaced440,000peoplein2006/7.Sheemphasisedthattheshelterprogramme,operationalinSomaliaissimilarinitsapproachtothatofthePsP employed by colleagues in Asia. The programme relies on the ability of people to take the lead indecision-making.TherearebodiessimilartoCDCsandskillstrainingformsanintegralpartoftheapproach.BywayoftheGovernance,delMinistroexplainedthatthisprogrammeiscomplex,dealingwithinstitutionalframeworks and community driven opportunities. It has a lot of scope for participation and genderleadershiptrainingiscarriedoutwithlocalcouncillors.Moreover,youthprogrammesinSomaliaalsoallowanopportunity toworkwithwomenandgirls.Halfoftheyouth leadersUN-Habitatworkswith inSomaliaarefemale.Thereafter,shenotedthatthecontextischallenginginSomalia,sincelong-termdisplacementbreaksdownthenecessarysocialcapitalandtiesnecessaryforthePsPtofunction.Theregionsuffersmorefromcyclesofdisplacement,whichmakes rebuildingdifficult. Therehave alsobeendifficulties in using local contractorsgiven relationships with warlords; in addition to, the restriction on movements on UN staff within thecountry.She closed by mentioning that the Somalia Programme coordinates through the usual UN mechanisms;working closely with UNHCR via the protection cluster, and other UN agencies through means of jointprogrammes such as in the governance and service delivery, which brings together the ILO and UNICEFamongstothers.Finally,theProgrammeworkshardtoovercomesilos,forexampleinformallycoordinatingwithFAOongenderaswebothhaveamandateonland–dividedalongurbanandrurallines.Respondent, Carmen de la Cruz: congratulated and thankedMatthew French and Teresa delMinistro forsharing the inspiring programmes in Afghanistan and Somalia, respectively. De la Cruz noted that bothdisasterandpost-recoveryofferanewopportunitytoaddresswomen’slackofrightsandpower.Itallowsforempowermentandparticipationandenablesvoiceintheprocessofdevelopmenttransformation.Inthisvein,all approaches should reduce the risk to return to conflict, and set a basis for transformation. There is astrongrelationshipbetweengender,post-conflictandlong-termpeace,andthisisdemonstratedbyanumberofstudies.She observed that the PsP has strong components for fostering further development. UN-Habitat haveadvocatedamethodologywherepeopleandresourcedistributionareatcentreoftherehabilitationprocess–important fromthegenderperspective.ThePsP isa communitydevelopmentmethodologyand recognizesbothurbanand ruraldevelopment. It calls fora coherent response;andpromotes social transformation in

16organizing and empowering people to ensure security, while promoting dialogue, planning processes andaccountability.Allofthesearefundamentaltogenderequality.De laCruzclosedbynotingthatthePsP isaHRBAandforthisreason it isamore integratedmethodology,connecting approaches such gender and diversity and common principles. In fact, the three approachespromotethreeguidingprinciplesforimplementation:non-discrimination,participationandempowerment.Inthatsense,gendermattersandwomen’srightsmustbeincludedintheplanningprocess,andnottreatedasaseparateplanningexercise.10Respondent,TeresaBoccia:notedthatconflictheightensthetollofnaturaldisasters.Adding“Weknowandadvocatethatwomenhaveacentralroleinpeaceprocesses,butthequestionmustbeasked:whydowomenplayacentralrole?”Sheansweredthisbyemphasisingthatduringconflictandpost-conflictcontexts,womenlosethepositionstheyheld–withinfamilies,aswellas, informalroles. In fact,manywomenmaybe leftontheirownashouseholdheadsornotunderstandthereasonsofconflict,ortheirrighttorecourseasvictimsofviolence.Moreover, Boccia stressed that as a European national she wished to note that in Europe, a region thatconsidersitselfadvancedinHumanRights,therightsofrefugeesarenotbeingobserved.Europeanwomen’sassociationspayalotofattentiontodomesticviolence,butnottotheviolenceburdeningrefugeewomen.She emphasised that it is paramount to link emergency contexts with development opportunities in largeurbanareas.Withinthisframe,thereisnosuchthingasneutralurbanplanning,thegenderperspectivehastobeincludedinwiderplanningprocesses.Bocciareiteratedtheneedtoensuretheparticipationofwomenatalllevels.Forexample,theremustbeafocusoneconomicsituationswhichchangeveryquickly;therefore,thereisaneedforreliablesex-disaggregateddata.Sheconcludedbyemphasisingthatplanningprocesses,needtoinvolvewomenasactiveparticipants;despiteofsocio-culturalrealitiesthatmayrenderthemaspassiveactors.Forthisreason,planningexpertsmusttakeinto account gender and be trained to do so. She noted that it is often that case, thatwhenwomen arebrought into the decision-making process their discussions are later interpreted by people who do notunderstandthegendermainstreaming.

DISCUSSIONAminataDramaneTraorérespondedbysayingthatitisimportanttoacknowledgingviolenceandexclusionasmanifestintheeconomicarchitecture.Indeed,thelimitationsonwomentoparticipatefinanciallyandtheexclusivenatureoflabourmarketsinsomeregionsandcultures,hinderswomen’saccess.Shestressedthateconomicsisamatterofresources–forexample,UNpeacekeepingforcesenteringintoafragile local economic system bring massive consequences for the local, already stretched economy. Itfollows that theconsumptionof foodandwater resources for thousandsof soldiers ina regionof limitedsupply, heightens tensions due to the contrast in economic status and the poverty gap. She added, thatyoutharedisillusioned, thenaddpeacekeeping forces taking advantageof local populations and the localyoutharehumiliatedandangry. Indeed, thequestion isneverasked:howdo localpopulations feelaboutpeacekeepingprocesses?SheendedbynotingthatthepresentationsfromAfghanistanandSomalia,rosethequestionastowhetherthe PsP can really be used for social, political and economic change when there is a strong patriarchalcontext? Therefore, specialising the PsP is important so that beneficiaries includewomen, and in parallelassessimprovementsinwomen’sempowerment.

10AscommentedbyMs.DelaCruz

17AisaKiraboKacyiraraisedsomepointsforthefollowingday’sdiscussions:

1. PsP can be a good tool. Are we in charge of PsP? Are we undertaking the process correctly and are weacknowledging to what extent that it can work? Can we scale it up to be transformative? Why is thereresistance?

2. Howdoweinstitutionalizethis?HowdowegetthistothechampionsofthePsP?Maybeweneedtobroadenourhorizonsofchampions?

She ended by noting that it is important to move from the status of victim toward the status of agent.Moreover, she pointed to the importance of bringing the private sector on board and finding localcompaniestosupportwomeninprivatebusiness.

Mariko Satonoted that thePsP is part of the genes for theAsia Pacific region. It attracts resources fromvarious donors. Shemade the poignant observation that in Japanese and Chinese characters –describingcrisisanddisasteriscrisisandopportunities.ShenotedthatthePsPisaprocessestablishedbyUN-Habitatandcommunitiesparticipateinit;itistosay,throughthePsPtheAgencymustfindouthowtoinfluencethelocalprocessesforpeople’sbenefit.JanPetersonnotedthatterminologyneededtobemadeclearthePsPisnotaUN-Habitatexclusiveprocess.Itisaprocessemployedbygrassrootsorganisationsaswell.AisaKiraboKacyiraemphasisedthattheadvantageofthePsPisthatitisaboutrestoringpeople’sdignity.Asleadersweneedtorecognizepeoplehaveaworth—wecomeintosupportthem,nottoreplacethem.Sheasked“Whydowecallthisa‘process’?”,recallingherpersonalexperience,inrebuildingofRwandaaftertheGenocide,thereisaveryimportantneedtorecognizethepeoplethatweworkwith,andseparateconflictanddisaster frompeople’s capacities.Therefore, theAgencymust thinkofahand-over strategyand thenlinkCDCstoinstitutions.Inga Björk-Klevby concluded the panel by thanking presenters,Matthew French and Teresa delMinistro;respondent,CarmendelaCruzandTeresaBoccia,andparticipantsinthediscussion.

18

PANELTHREE:PRESENTATIONOFCASESTUDIES&METHODSFORINCLUDINGGRASSROOTSWOMENINPOST-CONFLICTCONTEXTS

OBJECTIVEThis panel showcased specific case studies on the incorporation of grassroots women and CSOs in post-conflictcontexts. Thepresentationsprovidedparticipantswithmaterialtoanalysewhetherthepreviouslydiscussed PsP remains a viablemethodology for the incorporation of these groups. At the same time, itponderedwhetherthePsPcanbeemployedasaviablebridgebetweencivilsocietyandpolicy-makers.

KEYOUTCOMEMESSAGESü AUPPmust be framedwithin the understanding that urban inclusion is better for everyone as opposed to

simplyawomen’sproject;ü Demonstrating gender equality amongst staff is essential for carrying outGEWEand gendermainstreaming

projectsontheground;ü Participatorymethodshaveamorepreciseimpact;andü Bridgingacademiaandhumanitariananddevelopmentactionsisinnovativeandeffective.

AlisonBrownwelcomedparticipantstopanelthreeandnotedthatwhengroupsgettogethertheyaremorepowerful; for example, in the case of WIEGO knowledge sharing is paramount. She emphasised thatlivelihoodsareessentialinpost-conflictcontexts;butnotjustinwayofhandicraftsandhairdressing.Inthisvein,itisimportanttoidentifytheprocessesthatarealreadyhappeningontheground,andhowthesearehelpinginthepost-conflictcontext.Moreover,shestressedthatgrassrootsorganisationmustbesupportedby a legal structure, because women at the grassroots level make a difference. With this in mind, sheintroducedthepresentersFrozanAbdullahandNesreenBarwari.FrozanAbdullahthankedexpertsfortheirpresenceandinparticularnotedhercontentmentatpresentingalongsideNesreenBarwari.ShebeganbygivinganoverviewofthesituationofAfghanwomen,specificallystressingwhytheAfghanistanOfficemostlyfocusesonwomen.InAfghanistan,prolongedwarhashadanimpactonallwomeninthewayofhunger,feminisationofpovertyand constrained access, compared to male counterparts. The focus in Afghanistan on women revolvesaround four issues in particular: security, health, poverty and education. At the local government levelwomen’s rights at the grassroots level arenot prioritized.Within this reality, thePsP is very successful inAfghanistan, UN-Habitat is implementing many programmes, including a Safer Cities programme (AUPP–AfghanistanUrbanPeacebuildingProgramme).Moreover, thePsPhasanumberofstrategies for includingwomen.Infact,womenparticipateacrosstheCDCsandformagenderworkinggroupatthecity-level.AbdullahthenmovedontopresenttheparticularcaseofKabul.ShenotedthatinKabulsecurity israpidlydeteriorating.Male-dominatedfamilieshinderthemobilityandsocialactivitiesofwomen.Therefore,cross-district learning has been set-up so that female leaders facing difficulties can learn from strong femaleorganisersinotherdistricts.ShenotedthatwithintheAUPPwomenarenowinleadershippositions,thereisequalparticipationandincreasedgenderawareness.SheconcludedbynotingthelessonlearnedfromtheAUPP:

1. Thereneedstobeabalancebetweendiscussionandaction:theremustbemoreaction;2. AUPPmustbetailoredaccordingtoprovincecontext;3. AUPPmustbe framed in terms thaturban inclusion isbetter foreveryoneasopposed tosimplyawomen’s

project;and4. 54% of UN-Habitat staff arewomen; 50% of community level staff arewomen. If youwant tomainstream

genderinprojectsandprogrammesyourteammustbegenderequal.

19

NesreenBarwarialsoexpressedhergratitudeatsharingthepanelwithFrozanAbdullah.ShebeganbyoutliningacasestudyfromIraqin1997.Sheaskedthequestion“whyarewomennotexcellingdespitethenumberofavailablelegalinstrumentsinIraq?”Sheansweredthisquestionbyreferringbacktoherpersonal statementearlier in themeeting, sayingwomen faceacomplex intersectional reality in Iraq,becauseIraq’sbordersweredrawninanofficeinanothercountry,ontheothersideoftheworld.Theresultwas a country containing a variety of religions and cultural groups. There are fourteen different culturalidentitiesinIraqtoday.She noted that as Human Settlements Officer for UN-Habitat, in 1997, her role in the reconstruction inKurdistanwas to bringwomenonboard. She stressed that she had to identify group that could lead theefforts for reconstruction and ensure that decisions were decided through consensus. As a means toestablishthisherandtheteamestablishedconsultationmeetingswithlocalwomen;shenotedthatthebestmanner to conduct these was to go to the sites where women live. At the family-level, she highlighted,womenwereabletobepartofthereconstruction.Indeed,themostimportantaspectoftheprogrammeforreconstructionwasthatitwascommunitybased:asthisprovedacceptableforwomentoparticipate.ShethenturnedtothecurrentIDPcrisiscausedbyISIS.Atpresent,inKurdistan,IDPsmustregisterinpubliccentre,whichwomenmayhaveculturalbarriersgoingto,andstandinqueue(whichagainmaybeculturallyinappropriate).Inordertoaccessbenefitsfromregistering,thisistheonlymethodavailableforregistration.Therefore,shenotedthatthiswaspreciselytheareaforintervention.Thereafter, she stressed that in her home town of Erbil, there are 800,000 natives and 600,000 IDPs.Therefore, she has devised a programme inwhich female university students go to talk towomen in thecamps,whichhas allowedherorganisation to collect a lotofdata to laterdisseminate. This is a two-waylearningprocessandamethodofconnectingacademiatograssrootswomen.Next,shediscussedtheInstituteof InclusiveSecurity.Shenotedthatthis Institutehaddevelopedatoolkitforactionwhichisavailableonline.Thetoolkithastheobjectiveofgivingspecificskillstowomeninconflictcontexts, by way of knowledge on peace negotiation and agreement, disarmament, transitional justice,legislation,governmentandtheUNSCR1325.Finally, she concluded by emphasising that cultural analysis in all projects in conflict and post-conflictcontexts isparamountandmoreresearch isneeded inorder to improvetheconditionofwomen in thesecontexts.Respondent,MargaritaCarranco:thankedpresentersandhighlightedthe importanceofbuilding laddersofknowledgeandunderstandingbetween local andnational governments. She reiterated that public policiesmustbe informedbyparticipatoryprocesses,noting thatasFrozanAbdullahandNesreenBarwaripointedoutwomen’s focusgroupsarekey in informinggendermainstreamingat thehigher levels. Shenoted thatthese approaches promote a holistic approach and the true recovery of dignity forwomen in post-conflictcontexts.Finally,sheconcludedbysayingthatitisnotpeoplewhomustadapttocities,butrathercitiesthatmustadapttopeople.Respondent,RuthMariaAbrilStoffels:reflectedonfivespecificissues:

1. The presence ofwomen in grassroots and government is important; however, it is essential to have trainedwomenattheprojectlevel.Womenmustbetrainedasleaders.

2. There is a need to engagemenandmake theagendaan inclusive one; this is not awar; this is progressivetransitionforthewholeofsociety.Sheunderscoredthattheargumentswithinveinsof feministdialoguecanexcludemen;however,itisessentialtoincludeactivistmen.

3. Theremustbespacesinthecityforwomentoact,whichwaswellhighlightedbyFrozanAbdullahandNesreenBarwariintheirpresentations.

204. Intersectionalapproachesareessentialtoincludingallwomen.5. Accountability and measurement of change is paramount in any work done with women in post-conflict

contexts.

DISCUSSIONMaríaTeresaRodríguez-Blandonnoted thatwartimeeconomiesaffectpost-conflicteconomies.ShenotedthatinthecaseofGuatemalathearmstradesurgedaftertheendoftheconflict.BelénSanzDuqueemphasisedthattransformationneedstobecentralforanytransitionalprocess,andthatparticipationatalllevelsisparamount.Inparticular,thereneedstobeaseriousmainstreamingofwomen’srightsandtheUNcanserveasabridgeinthisprocess.Moreover,itisimportantthatwomen’sorganisationsatthegrassrootslevelengagewiththesecuritysectorandareproperlyfundedinorderfortheirvoicestobeheard.MavicCabrera-BallezareflectedonBelénSanzDuque’scommentonthesecuritysector.Shenotedthatonthis issue there are schools of thought: (1)we should not engagewith themilitary because thenwe areemploying UNSCR 1325 to facilitate military actions; (2) we must engage with the security sector, notnecessarily to seewomen in uniform, but to influence the framework of the security sector andmake itmorecomprehensive.Ana Falú emphasised that it is necessary to talk about legal frameworks and financial and technicalresources.Specially,shereiteratedRuthMariaAbrilStoffelscommentontrainingwomen;addingthat it iserroneoustoassumethatbecausewomenarepresentincommunitiesormeetingstheycanchangereality:womenneedtobeeducatedfortherolestheytakeup.Asaresult,grassrootsorganisationsdonotalwaysknowhowtoinfluencetheprocesseshigher-up.AlisonBrownclosed thepanelby thankingpresenters,NesreenBarwariandFrozanAbdullah; respondent,MargaritaCarrancoandRuthMaríaAbrilStoffels,andparticipantsinthediscussion.

21

PANELFOUR:ACADEMIC&RESEARCHPERSPECTIVEONREFUGEESANDSAFETY&SECURITYINURBANSETTINGS

OBJECTIVEThispanelpresentedanoverviewof thecurrent realityandplightofurban refugeesand IDPs;aswell as,issues of safety and security in urban post-conflict contexts and host-country urban contexts. This paneldiscussed how the urban realities of refugees and safety and security can be addressed in a gender-responsivemanner.Discussionsalsoconsideredhowaccesstoadequatehousingandlivelihoodsandspatialplanningcanplayaroleingender-responsiveengagementincities.

KEYOUTCOMEMESSAGESü Humanitarianactorsneedtoworkwithlocalpartnersandserviceproviderstoaddresstheissueofprotection

forrefugeesinurbanareas;ü Needfortailoredactionstoreachat-riskrefugeegroupsinurbanareas;ü ItisImportanttospatiallymapthedifferencesinviolenceagainstmenandwomen;ü Genderinterventionshavetobesystematic,notdependentonchampionsalone;andü Youthneedtobepartofthesolutions.

SirajSaitwelcomedparticipantstofinalpanelofpresentations,hesummarisedthepreviouspanelbynotingtheimportanceofdocumenting,up-scalingandM&Einanyintervention.Healsohighlightedtheimportanceofaligningallworkoverthenext15yearswiththeSDGsandinparticularensuringthattheNUAalignswiththeSDGsinordertostrengthenitsreach.Withthatheintroducedthepresenters,JenniferRosenberg,AnaFalúandAmirF.BenAmeur.JenniferRosenberghighlightedthatthecoreprinciplesofWRCare“research,rethink,resolve”.Shebeganbynotingthat59percentof theworld’srefugeescurrently live incities (ascomparedtocamps).Thisrealityimpliesdifferentneeds in thewayofprotection fordifferent kindsof refugees. Shepresented the recentpublication from WRC, Mean Streets, which describe research conducted in four cities: Beirut, Quito,KampalaandDelhi.Surveyswereconductedwithrefugeesub-populationsfacinguniquerisks:womenandgirls,sexworkers,womenwithdisabilities,malesurvivorsandLGBTIpersons.She noted that the overwhelming issue for all kinds of refugees was the issue of safety in cities. Risksincluded discrimination, prejudice (e.g. tension in host community), shelter (GBV risks, life in slums),livelihoods (informal jobs, and bad quality jobs), urban isolation, fear of the police and sexual coercion.RosenbergstressedthatwomensufferGBVinmultipleplaces:athome,publicspacesandatwork.Whilethekeyrisklocationsforchildrenwereathomeandatschool.Thereafter, she noted that the overwhelming practical challenges for refugee integration into the hostcountrywere:language,biasandlimitedcost-sharingoforganizationsengagedinthefield.Inlightofthese,thereareopportunities fornewnon-humanitarianpartners (municipalofficials, internationaldevelopmentactorsinurbanplanningprojects)toact.Next,sheoutlinedtherecommendationsofthestudy:

1. Systemize,broadenengagementoflocalactors(suchasserviceproviders);2. Proactive targeted strategies for addressing GBV risks, prioritizing and earmarking resources for tailored

programsforatriskgroups(womenwithdisabilities,etc.)ascomparedtomainstreamefforts;and3. Proactivelyworktoeliminatediscrimination.

SheconcludedbypointingthequestiontoparticipantsofhowGBVcouldbeaddressedbyPsPandtheNUA?AnaFalúfocusedonthesafetycontextinLatinAmericancities,shenotedthattherearemultipleanglestoviolence,andthatinvisibleformsofviolencesuchaspsychological,structuralandcultural,reinforcevisibleformsofviolence.InLatinAmericathreatstosafetytaketheformofarmedconflict,gangviolenceanddrugtrafficking,andthesecometogethertoformurbanviolence.LatinAmerica ishometosomeofthe largest

22metropolises in the world, and the region is often characterised by its urban criminality. She noted thatviolenceiscross-cuttingandthatitaffectseverystrataofsociety.Next, shepointedout thatwomenneed tobeempoweredandperceptionof safety is key in this regard.Safetyisacommongood;therefore,ifcitizensliveinfear,feardefinesspacesinthecityandmobilityacrossit.Inthissense,governmentsplayanessentialroleinthewayoflegislationandlawenforcement.Finally, she noted that research has shown that women make short and multiple trips in the city andtherefore, perceptions of safety affect the mobility of women. She concluded that youth have to beprioritisedinaddressingissuesofviolence,asthemajorityofgangrelatedviolencedisproportionatelyaffectthisdemographic.AmirF.BenAmeursharedhispersonalexperienceasayouthinTunisiaduringtheArabSpringof2011.Henotedthatthereexistedamassfrustrationwithinsociety,andthattheexplosionwasbroughtforwardbyarebellion of civil society against the Government. In this sense, he emphasised that all projects have toincorporatevariousdemographics,inparticularthelargestmarginaliseddemographicsofyouthandwomen.He then turned to theacceptanceof Libyan refugees inTunisiaascompared to thatofSyrian refugees inEgypt. In Tunisia, he noted that Libyan refugees arrived with financial resources but struggled to accessopportunities, as a result thisdemographichas fallen intopoverty. However, in the caseof Egypt, Syrianrefugees have managed to establish small businesses and access other employment opportunities. Hereiterated Margarita Carranco’s and Teresa Boccia’s previous observation that action planning in host-countriesisvital.Finally,heclosedbystatingthattheaverageageofthecurrentrefugeeis17,forthisreasontheremustbeafocusonYouthactionplanning.Ifnot,lackoflivelihoodopportunitiescanmeanthatmanyyouthswillturntoothereconomiesofferedbygangs,extremistsortrafficking.Inordertoinvolveyouth,decentralisationofpowerisparamount;indeed,thereneedtoexistparticipatoryprocessesthatinvolvesyouth.Respondent, Tarek Osseiran: outlined the current situation in Lebanon, which is facing its largest refugeecrisis. Currently, one third of the population in Lebanon are refugees from either Syria or Palestine. Themajority of refugees are urban,with only 17per cent living in camps. Therefore, the relationship betweenhumanitarian actors and local authorities is essential in this context. While priority needs to be given toprovide basic assistance, many humanitarian actors believe that there is no time to engage with localauthorities. InthissenseUN-Habitatbridgesagap, inthattheagencyprovidesshelterandhasestablishedrelationshipswithlocalauthorities.Siraj Sait closed the panel by thanking presenters, Jennifer Rosenberg, Ana Falú and Amir F. Ben Ameur;respondent,TarekOsseiran,andregrettedthatduetotimeconstraintstheDiscussionwouldbecutshort.HewelcomedAlisonBrowntogivethesummaryoftheday’spresentationsanddiscussions.

CLOSINGOFDAYONEAlison Brown summed up the day’s presentations by noting that the role of UN-Habitat is as a deliveryAgency, with a portfolio of work across the humanitarian assistance, development work continuum. Sheemphasisedtheimportanceofencouragingcollaboration,andencouragedtheworkofPsPasanhonestandculturally sensitive approach. She added that Nesreen Barwari’s invitation for student involvement wasinnovativeandshouldstandasanexamplefornewwaysofengagement.Withreferencetothe issueofurbanrefugees,shenotedthe invitationof JenniferRosenbergtoresearch,rethink and resolve, especially in branching into working in host-countries as suggested by MargaritaCarranco,TeresaBoccia,AmirF.BenAmeurandTarekOssieran.Also, sheadvocated for theuseof social

23media and other ICT tools as essential to providing connectivity and knowledge sharing in post-conflictcontexts.ShealsodrewattentiontothecallforGovernmentstolinkwithgrassrootsorganisations.Inaddition,sheputforwardfourquestionsforparticipantstoconsiderduringthenextday’sworkinggroups:

1. Howdowewakeuptheworldontheissueofwomeninpostconflictcontexts?2. Howtotransformfromhumanitarianaidtotransformativedevelopment?3. Howdoweempowerwomentodrivetheprocessinsteadofbeingseenasvictims/beneficiaries?4. Howdoweresolvetensionsbetweenhostandincomingcommunities?

Finally, she suggested to participants that they consider awish list for Habitat III.What should themainprioritiesbeforHabitatIIIontheissueofgender-responsiveengagementinpost-conflictcontexts?

WORKINGGROUPSESSIONS

OBJECTIVEDuring the seconddayof theEGMparticipantsdivided intoworkinggroups to focuson three issueareasrelating to gender equality in post-contexts: housing and livelihoods, safety and security, and spatialplanning.Expertspreparedkeygeneralmessagesfromthetwo-daydiscussionsandspecifickeymessagesontheissuesareasoftheEGMfortheCommuniqué.

KEYMESSAGES1. UN-Habitatoccupiesaspecificandimportantspaceinbothhumanitarianassistanceanddevelopmentwork.In

this regard, theAgency iswellplacedtobeanessentialbridgebetweenreliefandrehabilitationeffortsandurban development. As the human settlements Agency, UN-Habitat interacts with the contexts of conflict,peacebuildingandresilience,allofwhicharebecomingmoresalientintheurbancontext.Toensuresuccess,thereisaneedtoworktogetherwithotherinternationalandUNpartners–inparticularongenderissueswithUNWomen–to ensure that all interventions to Build Back Better (BBB), such as the People’s Process (PsP)addressboththe issueofrebuildingthephysicalurban infrastructure,aswellas, rebuildingtheurbansocialfabric and restoring human dignity. In fact, there are opportunities in the PsP to act as vehicle for genderequality and women’s empowerment (GEWE) in the urban context. In sum, transforming crisis intoopportunity requires the formal recognition of women in peacebuilding through appropriate policy review,strongerparticipationintheplanningandmanagementofthepost-conflictrehabilitation.ü Therefore,we put it to the Summit, theGeneva Review Conference andHabitat III, to remain attentive

during the proceedings of the emerging landscape of humanitarian action in urban contexts, and thecomplexities of international, national and local safety and security dynamics which manifest new andspecificchallengesforwomenandgirls.

2. Civil societyorganizationsandgroupswhich facilitateanorganizedvoice fromwomenandgirls inparticular

areacornerstoneofempowermentinconflictandpost-conflictcontexts.Thefacilitationofsuchgroupsandorganizations through reliable and creative fundingmechanisms has proven in practice to be an importantpartoftransformingchallengesintoopportunitiesforwomenandgirlsinpost-conflictcontexts.ü Therefore, we ask the Summit, the Geneva Review Conference and Habitat III, in both dialogue and

outcomestoappreciatetheimportanceofthisknowledgefrompractice,andmaintainthathumanitarianresponseneedstobeembeddedatalllevelstorebuilddignityandfacilitatecivilianstoownandparticipateinBBBandPsP.

3. It has long been understood by both UN-Habitat and its partners that women and girls experience

disproportionate risk in negotiating access to adequate housing and livelihoods. Such challenges arecompoundedinconflictandpost-conflictcontextswherethecare-economyotherinformaleconomiesarealsodestabilized.ü Therefore,weasktheSummit,theGenevaReviewConferenceandHabitatIII,tokeeptheuniquenatureof

women’sworkandwomenledeconomiesandtheintricaterelationshipofsuchtoadequatehousingattheforefrontofhumanitarianinterventions.

4. Addressing issues of urban safety and gender based violence (GBV) in conflict and post-conflict contexts

requiresanunderstandingthattherearenewandmanifestingformsofviolencetoaddress.Thepreventionofviolence against women (VAW) in urban settings draws upon a co-ownership of safety to include a broad

24spectrum of actors at all levels. Translating this to conflict and post-conflict contexts is a challenge whichdemands strong co-ordination and collaboration among grassroots, civil society, municipality, national andinternationalactors,alongsideaccountablepolicingandprotection.ü Therefore,weurge theSummit, theGenevaReviewConferenceandHabitat III, toprovide space for the

considerationofcityandurbanenvironmentsassocialentities,beyondtheirbuiltandinfrastructuralform.Therestorationofdignity,formationofcitizenshipvalues,behavioursandnormswhichurbansafetyandcrimepreventiondependson,takeplaceinthesocializedspheresofthecity.

5. Itwas agreed that for continuity of these discussions, it is necessary to establish a platformof knowledge-

sharing: focusedon successful policies, tools andpractices. The Platform could take the formof aWorkingGroup comprised of the EGM Experts and others to share information electronically, and to convene bi-annuallytoreflectonandarrangesitevisitstoprojectsandprogrammeswithpositiveresultstoshowcase.ü Therefore,we invite theactors, leadersandpractitionersof theSummit, theGenevaReviewConference

andHabitat III, to join us in coordinating effectively, sharing knowledge andprogressing practices for aunitedresponsetothecomplexitiesofLRRD.

HOUSING&LIVELIHOODSAlison Brown presented on the issue area of housing & livelihoods. The working group consider thatunstable access to adequate housing and livelihoods are vulnerable situations that women and girlsdisproportionallyface.Genderinequalityinthecontextsofownership,accessandcontrolofassets,suchasland and property is acknowledged as a major contributing factor in hindering human development.Moreover,thesetwoissueprovethemostvulnerability-causingforurbanrefugeesandaretheunderlyingcausesofgender-basedviolence(GBV)risk11.Keymessages

1. Recognize that unstable access to adequate housing and livelihoods in post-conflict settings are vulnerablesituationsthatwomenandgirlsdisproportionallyface;

2. Acknowledgethatgender inequality in thecontextsofownership,accessandcontrolofassets,suchas landandpropertyisamajorcontributingfactorinhinderinghumandevelopmentandwomen’srights;and

3. Recognizethatadequatehousingrepresentsanimportantsiteforwomen’slivelihoodsbecausewomentendtopredominate in thecare-economy (lowpaidorunpaid)and informaleconomyandmanyactivitiesof fortheseeconomiesarecarriedoutinthehousehold.

Recommandations

1. Advise comprehensive collaboration and coordination between UN agencies, other development andhumanitarianactorsandstakeholderstoensuretransitionfromemergencyreliefto long-termdevelopment,andtorecognizewomen’sroleintherecoveryprocess;

2. RecommendtheestablishmentofaprogramwiththeproposedtitleTransformingCitiesinCrisis:fromsheltertoadequatehousing;todemonstrateUN-Habitat’sextensiveengagementacrossthehumanitarianassistancetodevelopmentspectrum;

3. UrgesthatUN-Habitatpost-conflictprojectsincorporatewomen’ssavinggroupsandcash-transferschemestoensureeconomicempowermentofwomen;alongwithwomen’scommunitycenterswherewomencanplan,buildorganizations,startbusinessesandundertakecareeconomyobligations;

4. Advise that the construction of housing bring women on board and be flexible and take into account thenatureandimportanceofsocialcapital,thecare-economyandtheinformaleconomy;

5. Callforpeer-to-peerlearningthroughgrassrootsacademiesandexchangeofgoodpractices;withanemphasisontheimportanceofwomenorganizing;and

6. RecommendscalinguptheengenderedPeople’sProcessfromtheneighborhoodtothecity-level inordertoaddressthelinkbetweenhousingandlivelihoodsandBuildCommunitiesBackBetter(BCBB).

COMMENTSAnaFalúnotedthatitwasimportanttotakeintoaccountthegendered-divisionoflabourasthishasastrongimplicationonthe livelihoodofwomen. Inaddition,sheaskedthequestionpertainingto thedefinitionofconflict and post-conflict, indeed does this definition include low-intensity fighting as is that case in LatinAmerica?

11Women’sRefugeeCommission(2016)MeanStreets:identifyingandrespondingtourbanrefugees’riskofgender-basedviolence.

25Inturn,AlisonBrownandMarikoSatosuggestedtheuseofthetermcrisis.AminataDramaneTraoréaddedthatcrisisisrelatedtothefailureofpolicies,andthatcurrentlyweareinasituationofsystemiccrisis.Belén Sanz Duque advocated the application of CEDAW General Recommendation No. 30 on women inconflict prevention, conflict and post-conflict situations, under Scope of General Recommendation(emphasizedadded):

Thegeneral recommendationcovers theapplicationof theConventiontoconflictprevention, international and non-international armed conflicts, situations offoreign occupation, as well as other forms of occupation and the post-conflictphase.Inaddition,therecommendationcoversothersituationsofconcern,suchasinternaldisturbances,protractedandlow-intensitycivilstrife,politicalstrife,ethnicand communal violence, states of emergency and suppression ofmass uprisings,waragainstterrorismandorganizedcrime,thatmaynotnecessarilybeclassifiedasarmed conflict under international humanitarian law and which result in seriousviolationsofwomen’s rightsandareofparticular concern to theCommittee. Forthe purpose of this general recommendation, the phases of conflict and post-conflicthaveattimesbeendividedastheycanencompassdifferentchallengesandopportunities for addressing thehuman rights ofwomen and girls.However, theCommitteenotesthatthetransitionfromconflicttopost-conflictisoftennotlinearandcaninvolvecessationsofconflictandthenslippagesbackintoconflict–acyclethatcancontinueforlongperiodsoftime.

SAFETY&SECURITYHilaryMurphy and Amir F. Ben Ameur present on safety& security. TheWorking group considered thatpost-conflictcontextspresentaprevalenceofgender-basedviolence(GBV).Thebreakdownofruleof lawand social safety nets during conflict, render women and girls vulnerable to specific forms of violence,namely sexual violence, human trafficking and child, early and forced marriage. Within this frame ofvulnerability, access to basic service provision can play a critical role. It follows that design and/ormanagementof basic services in post-conflict contexts canhave a profound impact on theprevalenceofviolence.KeyMessages

1. Recognizethattherearenewchallengesforwomenandgirlsintheconflictandpost-conflicturbancontexts.Therefore, it is important to recognize emerging types of violence and work to transform challenges intoopportunitiesforwomenandgirlsinurbanareas;

2. AcknowledgethathumanitariananddevelopmentactionneedstomaintainaHumanRightsbasedApproach(HRBA)andparticipatoryapproachtothepreventionofviolenceandprotectionofwomenandgirls,buildingresilience,empowermentandpeople-centeredresults;and

3. Recognize that achieving urban safety and security for women and girls requires an approach to violenceprevention that involves all actors and stakeholders and adopts a co-ownership of safety and security toincludegrassroots,civilsociety,municipality,nationalactorsandinternationalactors–aswellaspolicing.

Recommendations

1. Callforpartnershipworkingbetweenlocalauthorities,localleadersandotherdevelopmentactorstoimprovesafetyandempowerwomeninpost-conflictrecovery;

2. Advocate improved mechanisms for sharing new technologies, data and interventions to ensure evidencebaseddatadrivengenderfocusedinterventions;

3. Callforpredictableandflexiblefundingandsupportforwomen’scivilsocietyorganizations;4. Advisetraininganddevelopingcapacitiesforthoseresponsibleforthesecurityandsafetyofwomanandgirls,

toincludeaccountabilitymechanisms,protocolsandmonitoring;and5. Callfordevelopingprogramsandpoliciesthatpromotebehavioralandattitudinalchangesaroundthesafetyof

womenandgirls,engagingmenandboysintheprocess,aspotentialchange-makers.

SPATIALPLANNINGSiraj Sait presented on spatial planning. The working group considered that gender-responsive planningfocuses on the distribution of space and time. The usability and functionality of a city, as well as, itsusefulnessforpeoplewhoduetotheirindividuallife-phasespend,onaverage,moretimeintheimmediate

26vicinity of their home. This latter point is informed by traditional gender-divisions in labour, specificallymarkedbygenderdifferentiatedparticipationinthecare-economy.Keymessages

1. Recognizethatgenderresponsivespatialplanningrequiresnationalpolicyframeworks,inadditiontoproactiveandmeasurable steps to inform andmonitor gender-responsive spatial planning at the national- and local-level,inordertomeetthetargetsofSDG5andSDG11;

2. Recognize that spatial planning should support sustainable urban mobility for efficient use of time andresources andwell-being through connected andmixed social spaces, basic services and facilities, includinggreenspaces;and

3. Acknowledge thatgendered spatial planning should recognize themultiple risks faced bywomen to ensuretheir safety through integrated, functional, accessible public transport, to aid in the autonomy andempowermentofwomen.

Recommendations

1. Advisethatspatialplanningshouldbeaparticipatoryprocesswhichengageswomeninurbandesignsoastofacilitateresilienceandinclusion;

2. Urgesspatialpanningtosupportwomen’sresiliencethroughinnovativeandflexiblemeasures;differentiatingbetween temporary emergencymeasures and longer term reconstruction efforts by ensuring Building BackBetter(BBB),mainstreamingwomen’sresilienceneedsandchoices;

3. Advise that spatial planning has a critical role in rebuilding cities, and restoring cadastral and propertyownership,e.g.throughexperienceoftheGlobalLandToolNetwork(GLTN);

4. Advocate people-centered, participatory spatial planning at all levels – building on partnerships with allrelevant stakeholders. Spatial planning is understood and executed as a dynamic and cyclic process tocontinuouslyadaptandenhanceexistingplanningpracticeandcapacities;and

5. Call for planning to adequately utilize innovation, such as ICT or shared-economy to further contribute tourbanprosperity.

COMMENTSAnaFalúnotedthatgendered-urbanplanningneedstobemorefine-tuned.Sheaddedthatiswasessentialto linktheoutcomeofthisEGMandtheNUAwithSDGs5and11andtheParisAgreement. Indeed,theseAgendasmustcomplementeachother.María Teresa Rodríguez-Blandon noted that public space must be seen as an essential drive to genderequalityincities.Indeed,publicspaceisthehowconcerningtheaccessibilityofacitytowomenandgirls.

27

CLOSINGAisa Kirabo Kacyira concluded the Meeting by thanking all presenters and participations for a very richdiscussion.She focusedon toparticularpoints. The first,on theneedandability to incorporategenderbefore crisesbegin.Secondly,shenotedtheimportanceofalliances,attheinternationalandatthelocallevel;especially,atthelocalleveltoempowergrassrootsorganisations.Finally,sheturnedtoAGGIChair,AminataDramaTraoré,tonotethatshehopedtheChairwouldnotleavetheMeetingdisappointedwiththediscussionandthatoutcome.Shenoteditthatforthepurposesofthisgroupithasbeenessentialtobestrategicandpragmatic.Thisdidnot,however,meanthatthevoicesonthegroundwerenotheard;ratherthatwemustbestrategicinaddressingandgivingthesevoicesaspacetobeheardontheinternationallevel.Indeed,therearewomenandgirlswhohavealife,becauseofoftheworkthathasbeendone,andourobjectivehasbeentostream-linetostrengthenit.Shenotedthatallianceswillbeessentialandthatrollingoutprogrammaticallyontheground,assuggestedbyAlisonBrown,wehopetostrengthen these voices form the ground. These voices must not only be desperate, but we must alsodemandthattheyarehear.Finally,shereiteratedbythankstoeveryone,andinparticulartotheMeetingorganisers.

28

ANNEXES

ANNEX1:COMMUNIQUÉ

COMMUNIQUÉONLINKINGRELIEF,REHABILITATIONANDDEVELOPMENT:UN-HABITATGENDER-RESPONSIVEENGAGEMENTINPOST-CONFLICTCONTEXTS

20-21April2016Barcelona

BACKGROUNDOn20and21April,25internationalexpertsparticipatedinTheExpertGroupMeeting(EGM),LinkingRelief,RehabilitationandDevelopment(LRRD):UN-HabitatGender-ResponsiveEngagementinPost-ConflictContexts.TheMeetingfocusedontherefinementofmethodologiesemployedbyUN-Habitatinthreeissueareas:housing& livelihoods, safety & security and spatial planning, in relation to gender equality in urban post-conflictcontexts.Inaddition,MeetingExpertsacknowledgetheinternationalagreementsandresolutions(seeAnnex)asbeingparamount, in theway of binding policy, in the journey forward toward promotingGEWE in post-conflictcontextsintheNewUrbanAgenda.KEYMESSAGESThe Experts recognize that issues of relief, rehabilitation and development (LRRD) are transcending theboundariesoftraditionallystatelevelresponsesandcoordination;whilebecomingmoresalientintheurbancontexts.Theconsequencesofrapidurbanizationarefuelingasetofnew,specificchallengesforLRRD.Werecognizethattheurbancontextholdsgender-specificchallenges,whichUN-Habitathaslongbeenworkingtoaddress.Therefore,Expertsnoteanewlandscapeofrelief,rehabilitationanddevelopmentintheurbancontext;assuchmanyemergingandevolvingchallenges to theprotection,empowermentandequalityofwomen and girls. Therefore, our key messages to the World Humanitarian Summit, Geneva ReviewConferenceonSafetyinWorldCitiesandtheHabitatIIIprocessare:

6. UN-Habitat occupies a specific and important space in both humanitarian assistance anddevelopmentwork.Inthisregard,theAgencyiswellplacedtobeanessentialbridgebetweenreliefand rehabilitation efforts and urban development. As the human settlements Agency,UN-Habitatinteractswiththecontextsofconflict,peacebuildingandresilience,allofwhicharebecomingmoresalient in the urban context. To ensure success, there is a need to work together with otherinternational and UN partners–in particular on gender issues with UNWomen–to ensure that allinterventionstoBuildBackBetter(BBB),suchasthePeople’sProcess(PsP)addressboththeissueofrebuilding the physical urban infrastructure, as well as, rebuilding the urban social fabric andrestoring human dignity. In fact, there are opportunities in the PsP to act as vehicle for genderequalityandwomen’sempowerment(GEWE)intheurbancontext.Insum,transformingcrisis intoopportunityrequirestheformalrecognitionofwomeninpeacebuildingthroughappropriatepolicyreview,strongerparticipationintheplanningandmanagementofthepost-conflictrehabilitation.

29Therefore,weputittotheSummit,theGenevaReviewConferenceandHabitatIII,toremainattentiveduringtheproceedingsoftheemerginglandscapeofhumanitarianactioninurbancontexts,andthecomplexitiesofinternational,nationalandlocalsafetyandsecuritydynamicswhichmanifestnewandspecificchallengesforwomenandgirls.

7. Civil societyorganizationsandgroupswhich facilitateanorganizedvoice fromwomenandgirls inparticularareacornerstoneofempowermentinconflictandpost-conflictcontexts.Thefacilitationofsuchgroupsandorganizations throughreliableandcreative fundingmechanismshasproven inpracticetobeanimportantpartoftransformingchallengesintoopportunitiesforwomenandgirlsinpost-conflictcontexts.

Therefore,weasktheSummit,theGenevaReviewConferenceandHabitatIII,inbothdialogueandoutcomestoappreciatetheimportanceofthisknowledgefrompractice,andmaintainthathumanitarianresponseneedstobeembeddedatalllevelstorebuilddignityandfacilitatecivilianstoownandparticipateinBBBandPsP.

8. Ithas longbeenunderstoodbybothUN-Habitatand itspartnersthatwomenandgirlsexperiencedisproportionateriskinnegotiatingaccesstoadequatehousingandlivelihoods.Suchchallengesarecompounded in conflict and post-conflict contexts where the care-economy other informaleconomiesarealsodestabilized.

Therefore,weasktheSummit,theGenevaReviewConferenceandHabitatIII,tokeeptheuniquenatureofwomen’sworkandwomenledeconomiesandtheintricaterelationshipofsuchtoadequatehousingattheforefrontofhumanitarianinterventions.

9. Addressing issues of urban safety and gender based violence (GBV) in conflict and post-conflictcontextsrequiresanunderstandingthattherearenewandmanifestingformsofviolencetoaddress.Thepreventionofviolenceagainstwomen(VAW) inurbansettingsdrawsuponaco-ownershipofsafetytoincludeabroadspectrumofactorsatalllevels.Translatingthistoconflictandpost-conflictcontexts is a challengewhich demands strong co-ordination and collaboration among grassroots,civil society, municipality, national and international actors, alongside accountable policing andprotection.

Therefore,weurgetheSummit,theGenevaReviewConferenceandHabitatIII,toprovidespacefortheconsiderationofcityandurbanenvironmentsassocialentities,beyondtheirbuiltandinfrastructuralform.Therestorationofdignity,formationofcitizenshipvalues,behavioursandnormswhichurbansafetyandcrimepreventiondependson,takeplaceinthesocializedspheresofthecity.

10. It was agreed that for continuity of these discussions, it is necessary to establish a platform of

knowledge-sharing:focusedonsuccessfulpolicies,toolsandpractices.ThePlatformcouldtaketheform of a Working Group comprised of the EGM Experts and others to share informationelectronically, and to convene bi-annually to reflect on and arrange site visits to projects andprogrammeswithpositiveresultstoshowcase.

Therefore,weinvitetheactors,leadersandpractitionersoftheSummit,theGenevaReviewConferenceandHabitatIII,tojoinusincoordinatingeffectively,sharingknowledgeandprogressingpracticesforaunitedresponsetothecomplexitiesofLRRD.

30KEYMESSAGESFORISSUEAREASHOUSING&LIVELIHOODSKeymessages

4. Recognize that unstable access to adequate housing and livelihoods in post-conflict settings arevulnerablesituationsthatwomenandgirlsdisproportionallyface;

5. Acknowledgethatgenderinequalityinthecontextsofownership,accessandcontrolofassets,suchaslandandpropertyisamajorcontributingfactorinhinderinghumandevelopmentandwomen’srights;and

6. Recognize that adequate housing represents an important site for women’s livelihoods becausewomentendtopredominateinthecare-economy(lowpaidorunpaid)andinformaleconomyandmanyactivitiesoffortheseeconomiesarecarriedoutinthehousehold.

Recommandations

7. AdvisecomprehensivecollaborationandcoordinationbetweenUNagencies,otherdevelopmentandhumanitarian actors and stakeholders to ensure transition from emergency relief to long-termdevelopment,andtorecognizewomen’sroleintherecoveryprocess;

8. Recommend the establishment of a programwith the proposed titleTransforming Cities in Crisis:from shelter to adequate housing; to demonstrateUN-Habitat’s extensive engagement across thehumanitarianassistancetodevelopmentspectrum;

9. Urges thatUN-Habitatpost-conflictprojects incorporatewomen’s savinggroupsandcash-transferschemes to ensure economic empowerment of women; along with women’s community centerswhere women can plan, build organizations, start businesses and undertake care economyobligations;

10. Advisethattheconstructionofhousingbringwomenonboardandbeflexibleandtakeintoaccountthenatureandimportanceofsocialcapital,thecare-economyandtheinformaleconomy;

11. Callforpeer-to-peerlearningthroughgrassrootsacademiesandexchangeofgoodpractices;withanemphasisontheimportanceofwomenorganizing;and

12. RecommendscalinguptheengenderedPeople’sProcessfromtheneighborhoodtothecity-levelinorder to address the link between housing and livelihoods and Build Communities Back Better(BCBB).

SAFETY&SECURITYKeyMessages

4. Recognizethattherearenewchallengesforwomenandgirlsintheconflictandpost-conflicturbancontexts.Therefore, it is importanttorecognizeemergingtypesofviolenceandworktotransformchallengesintoopportunitiesforwomenandgirlsinurbanareas;

5. Acknowledge thathumanitariananddevelopmentactionneedstomaintainaHumanRightsbasedApproach (HRBA)–in linewith2003UnitedNationsCommonUnderstandingontheHumanRights-Based Approach to Development–and participatory approach to the prevention of violence andprotectionofwomenandgirls,buildingresilience,empowermentandpeople-centeredresults;and

6. Recognize that achieving urban safety and security for women and girls requires an approach toviolenceprevention that involves all actors and stakeholders andadopts a co-ownershipof safetyandsecuritytoincludegrassroots,civilsociety,municipality,nationalactorsandinternationalactors–aswellaspolicing.

Recommandations

• Call forpartnershipworkingbetween localauthorities, local leadersandotherdevelopmentactorstoimprovesafetyandempowerwomeninpost-conflictrecovery;

• Advocate improved mechanisms for sharing new technologies, data and interventions to ensureevidencebaseddatadrivengenderfocusedinterventions;

• Callforpredictableandflexiblefundingandsupportforwomen’scivilsocietyorganizations;• Advisetraininganddevelopingcapacitiesforthoseresponsibleforthesecurityandsafetyofwoman

andgirls,toincludeaccountabilitymechanisms,protocolsandmonitoring;and

31• Call fordevelopingprogramsandpolicies thatpromotebehavioralandattitudinal changesaround

thesafetyofwomenandgirls,engagingmenandboysintheprocess,aspotentialchange-makers.

SPATIALPLANNINGKeymessages

4. Recognizethatgenderresponsivespatialplanningrequiresnationalpolicyframeworks,inadditiontoproactive andmeasurable steps to inform andmonitor gender-responsive spatial planning at thenational-andlocal-level,inordertomeetthetargetsofSDG5andSDG11;

5. Recognize thatspatialplanning should support sustainableurbanmobility forefficientuseof timeand resources and well-being through connected and mixed social spaces, basic services andfacilities,includinggreenspaces;and

6. Acknowledgethatgenderedspatialplanningshouldrecognizethemultiplerisksfacedbywomentoensure their safety through integrated, functional, accessible public transport, to aid in theautonomyandempowermentofwomen.

Recommandations

6. Advisethatspatialplanningshouldbeaparticipatoryprocesswhichengageswomeninurbandesignsoastofacilitateresilienceandinclusion;

7. Urges spatial panning to support women’s resilience through innovative and flexible measures;differentiatingbetweentemporaryemergencymeasuresandlongertermreconstructioneffortsbyensuringBuildingBackBetter(BBB),mainstreamingwomen’sresilienceneedsandchoices;

8. Advise that spatial planning has a critical role in rebuilding cities, and restoring cadastral andpropertyownership,e.g.throughexperienceoftheGlobalLandToolNetwork(GLTN);

9. Advocatepeople-centered,participatoryspatialplanningatalllevels–buildingonpartnershipswithall relevant stakeholders. Spatial planning is understood and executed as a dynamic and cyclicprocesstocontinuouslyadaptandenhanceexistingplanningpracticeandcapacities;and

10. Call for planning to adequately utilize innovation, such as ICT or shared-economy to furthercontributetourbanprosperity.

ANNEX:AlignmentwithInternationalAgendasSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTGOALS(2015)Goal11:Makecitiesinclusive,safe,resilientandsustainable.Inparticular:

• 11.3: By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory,integratedandsustainablehumansettlementplanningandmanagementinallcountries.

• 11.7By2030,provideuniversalaccesstosafe,inclusiveandaccessible,greenandpublicspaces,inparticularforwomenandchildren,olderpersonsandpersonswithdisabilities.

• 11.9: By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting andimplementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation andadaptation toclimatechange, resilience todisasters,anddevelopand implement, in linewith theSendai Framework forDisaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster riskmanagement at alllevels.

Goal5:Achievegenderequalityandempowerallwomenandgirls.Inparticular:• 5.1:Endallformsofdiscriminationagainstallwomenandgirlseverywhere.• 5.2: Eliminate all forms of violence against allwomen and girls in the public and private spheres,

includingtraffickingandsexualandothertypesofexploitation.• 5.7: Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to

ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance andnaturalresources,inaccordancewithnationallaws.

SECURITYCOUNCILRESOLUTION1325(2000)• Article1:UrgesMemberStatestoensureincreasedrepresentationofwomenatalldecision-making

levels in national, regional and international institutions and mechanisms for the prevention,management,andresolutionofconflict;

32• Article12:Callsuponallpartiestoarmedconflicttorespectthecivilianandhumanitariancharacter

ofrefugeecampsandsettlements,andtotakeintoaccounttheparticularneedsofwomenandgirls,including in their design, and recalls its resolutions 1208 (1998) of 19 November 1998 and 1296(2000)of19April2000;

• Article8(a):Callsonallactorsinvolved,whennegotiatingandimplementingpeaceagreements,toadopt a gender perspective, including, inter alia: The special needs of women and girls duringrepatriationandresettlementandforrehabilitation,reintegrationandpost-conflictreconstruction.

DECLARATIONONTHEELIMINATIONOFVIOLENCEAGAINSTWOMEN(1993)• Article2:Violenceagainstwomenshallbeunderstoodtoencompass,butnotbelimitedto,the

following:d) Physical,sexualandpsychologicalviolenceoccurringinthefamily,includingbattering,sexual

abuseoffemalechildreninthehousehold,dowry-relatedviolence,maritalrape,femalegenitalmutilationandothertraditionalpracticesharmfultowomen,non-spousalviolenceandviolencerelatedtoexploitation;

e) Physical,sexualandpsychologicalviolenceoccurringwithinthegeneralcommunity,includingrape,sexualabuse,sexualharassmentandintimidationatwork,ineducationalinstitutionsandelsewhere,traffickinginwomenandforcedprostitution;

f) Physical,sexualandpsychologicalviolenceperpetratedorcondonedbytheState,whereveritoccurs.

• Article3:Womenareentitledtotheequalenjoymentandprotectionofallhumanrightsandfundamentalfreedomsinthepolitical,economic,social,cultural,civiloranyotherfield.Theserightsinclude,interalia:

i) Therighttolife;j) Therighttoequality;k) Therighttolibertyandsecurityofperson;l) Therighttoequalprotectionunderthelaw;m) Therighttobefreefromallformsofdiscrimination;n) Therighttothehigheststandardattainableofphysicalandmentalhealth;o) Therighttojustandfavourableconditionsofwork;p) Therightnottobesubjectedtotorture,orothercruel,inhumanordegradingtreatmentor

punishment.

CONVENTIONONTHEELIMINATIONOFALLFORMSOFDISCRIMINATIONAGAINSTWOMEN(1979)

• Article2:StatesPartiescondemndiscriminationagainstwomeninallitsforms,agreetopursuebyallappropriatemeansandwithoutdelayapolicyofeliminatingdiscriminationagainstwomenand,tothisend,undertake:

(g) To embody the principle of the equality of men and women in their nationalconstitutions or other appropriate legislation if not yet incorporated therein and toensure, through law and other appropriate means, the practical realization of thisprinciple;

(h) To adopt appropriate legislative and other measures, including sanctions whereappropriate,prohibitingalldiscriminationagainstwomen;

(i) Toestablishlegalprotectionoftherightsofwomenonanequalbasiswithmenandtoensurethroughcompetentnationaltribunalsandotherpublicinstitutionstheeffectiveprotectionofwomenagainstanyactofdiscrimination;

(j) Torefrainfromengaginginanyactorpracticeofdiscriminationagainstwomenandtoensurethatpublicauthoritiesandinstitutionsshallactinconformitywiththisobligation;

(k) To take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women by anyperson,organizationorenterprise;

(l) To take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to modify or abolish existinglaws,regulations,customsandpracticeswhichconstitutediscriminationagainstwomen;

(m) Torepealallnationalpenalprovisionswhichconstitutediscriminationagainstwomen.

33

ANNEX2:PARTICIPANTSLIST

1. AisaKiraboKacyira,UN-Habitat(Kenya)2. AlisonBrown,CardiffUniversity(UK)3. AminataDramaneTraoré,AGGI(Mali)4. AmirF.BenAmeur,TheAmericanUniversityofCairo(Egypt)5. AnaFalú,AGGI&NationalUniversityofCordoba(Argentina)6. AngelaMwai,UN-Habitat,GEU(Kenya)7. BelénSanzDuque,UNWomen(Colombia)8. CarmendelaCruz,SeniorInternationalConsultant(Spain)9. CarmenSanchez-MirandaGallego,UN-HabitatOfficeinSpain(Spain)10. DouglasRagan,UN-Habitat(Kenya)11. FrozanAbdullah,UN-HabitatAfganistan(Afganistan)12. HilaryMurphy,UN-Habitat,SaferCitiesProgramme(Kenya)13. IngaBjörk-Klevby,FormerAssistantSecretary-GeneralUnitedNationsandDeputyExecutive

DirectorforUN-Habitat(Sweden)14. IsraelBarroso,UN-HabitatOfficeinSpain(Spain)15. JanicePeterson,AGGI&HuairouCommission(USA)16. JenniferRosenberg,Women'sRefugeeCommission(USA)17. JoToreBerg,UN-HabitatRegionalOfficeforArabStates(Egypt)18. LauraPerezCastaño,BarcelonaCityCouncil(Spain)19. ManuelVega-Cuberos,UN-HabitatOfficeinSpain(Spain)20. MargaritaCarranco,AGGI&MetropolitanDistrictPlansSecretariat(Ecuador)21. MaríaTeresaRodríguezBlandon,WomenandPeaceNetworkinGuatemala(Guatemala)22. María Victoria (Mavic) Cabrera-Balleza, Global Network ofWomen Peacekeepers (GNWP)

(Philippines)23. MarikoSato,UN-HabitatBangkok(Thailand)24. MatthewFrench,UN-HabitatAfghanistan(Afghanistan)25. NesreenBarwari,DohukUniversity&CountryDirectorofFWE(Iraq)26. PamelaMurage,UN-Habitat,GEU(Kenya)27. RocíoArmillas-Tiseyra,UN-Habitat,GEU(Kenya)28. RuthMaríaAbrilStoffels,UniversidadCardenalHerreraCEU(Spain)29. SirajSait,AGGI&UniversityofEastLondon(UK)30. StefanieHolzwarth,UN-Habitat,UBS(Kenya)31. TarekOsseiran,UN-HabitatLebanon(Lebanon)32. TeresaBoccia,AGGI&FedericoIIUniversityofNaples(Italy)33. TeresaDelMinistro,UN-HabitatSomalia(Somalia)

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ANNEX3:EGMPROGRAMME

Wednesday,20thApril2016

8:30-8:45 Registration

9:15-10:30 Welcomingandintroductionremarks• LauraPérezCastaño,CouncillorofLifeCycle,FeminismandLGTBIattheCityCouncilof

Barcelona• AisaKiraboKacyira,“UN-Habitatandgenderequalityinpost-conflict”.DeputyExecutive

DirectoroftheUnitedNationsHumanSettlementsProgramme(UN-Habitat)VideomessagebyD.JoanClos.ExecutiveDirectorofUN-HabitatandUnderSecretaryGeneraloftheUnitedNations

• AminataDramaneTraoré, “Inceptionof the EGM”Chair ofAdvisoryGrouponGenderIssues(AGGI)totheExecutiveDirectorofUN-Habitat.

• Nesreen Barwari, “Personal Testimony”. Lecturer & Advisor on Planning and GoodGovernance,DohukUniversity&CountryDirectorofFWE

Participants’introductionroundGroupphotograph

10:35-11:15 PANEL1:Gender-responsiveactioninlinkingrisk,rehabilitationandDevelopmentandtheNewUrbanAgenda

Moderator:MarikoSato,UN-HabitatBangkok(Thailand)Speakers:

• BelénSanzDuque,ColombiaCountryRepresentative,UNWomen• MaríaVictoria(Mavic)Cabrera-Balleza,FounderandInternationalCoordinator,GNWP

Respondent:JanicePeterson,AGGI&ChairHuairouCommission11:15-11:30 CoffeeBreak

11:30-13:00 PANEL2:PresentationofPeople’sProcessandcasestudiesofgender-responsiveengagement

Moderator:IngaBjörk-Klevby,FormerAssistantSecretaryGeneralofUnitedNationsandDeputyExecutiveDirectorofUN-HabitatSpeakers:

• MatthewFrench,CountryRepresentative(a.i.).UN-HabitatAfghanistan.TheUN-HabitatPeople’sProcess

• TeresaDelMinistro,UN-HabitatSomalia.CaseStudiesfromSomaliaRespondents:

• CarmendelaCruz,SeniorInternationalConsultant• TeresaBoccia,AGGI&FedericoIIUniversityofNaples

13:00-15:00 LunchBreak

15:00-16:15 PANEL 3: Presentation of case studies &methods for including Grassroots women inpost-conflictcontexts

Moderator:AlisonBrown,CardiffUniversity&WIEGOMemberSpeakers:

• FrozanAbdullah,ProgrammeOfficer,UN-Habitat.GrassrootsprocessesinAfghanistan• Nesreen Barwari, Lecturer & Advisor on Planning and Good Governance, Dohuk

University&CountryDirectorofFWERespondents:

• MargaritaCarranco,AGGI&MetropolitanDistrictPlansSecretariatofEcuador.• RuthMaríaAbrilStoffels,CardenalHerreraUniversity

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16:15-17:30 PANEL4:Academic&Researchperspectiveonrefugeesandsecurity&safety inurban

settingsModerator:SirajSait,AGGI&UniversityofEastLondonSpeakers:

• Jennifer Rosenberg, Senior Programme Officer of Gender-based Violence (GBV),Women’sRefugeeCommission(WRC)

• AnaFalú,Vice-ChairofAGGI&NationalUniversityofCordoba• AmirF.BenAmeur,Youthadvocateandblogger

Respondent:TarekOsseiran,UNHabitatLebanon17:30-17.45 RecapofDay1

• AlisonBrown,Professor,CardiffUniversity&WIEGOmember20:00 Welcomecocktail.TerraceattheHotelCataloniaRamblas

Thursday,21stApril2016

9:00–9:15 Overviewofday’sactivities,goalsandworkinggroupguidance• AngelaMwai,“IssueareasandExpectations”.Lead,GenderEqualityUnit,UN-Habitat.

OrganizationofWorkingGroups

9:15–10:45 WorkingGroups:IssueareastoengenderUN-Habitat’People’sProcessWorkinggroup:Housing&

livelihoodsWorkinggroup:Safety&

Security

Workinggroup:SpatialPlanning

10:45-11:00 CoffeeBreak

11:30-13:00 WorkingGroups:IssueareastoengenderUN-Habitat’People’sProcessWorkinggroup:Housing&

livelihoodsWorkinggroup:Safety&

SecurityWorkinggroup:Spatial

Planning

13:00-14:30 LunchBreak

14:30-16:00 Plenary:IssueareastoengenderUN-Habitat’sPeopleProcessModerator:MarikoSato,UN-HabitatBangkok(Thailand)WorkingGroupsPresentations

16:00-16:30 ConclusionsandWayforward.

• AisaKiraboKacyira,DeputyExecutiveDirectorofUN-Habitat• AngelaMwai,LeaderofGenderEqualityUnit,UN-Habitat• Aminata Dramane Traoré, Chair of Advisory Group on Gender Issues (AGGI) to the

ExecutiveDirectorofUN-Habitat

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