linux introduction - github pages › ... › linux-tutorial.pdf · linux introduction 2017-05-15...
TRANSCRIPT
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Linux Introduction
You will not learn this now.Google it or look at lecture slides when you need it.
Practice makes perfect :)
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Linux
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Linux
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Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science
(Uppsala supercomputer center)
UPPMAX
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Computer clustersMilou
Rackham
Bianca
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Computer clustersMilou
Rackham
Bianca
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Why Text?
UPPMAX is accessible over the internet
Command Line Interface (CLI)
Terminal
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Computers
Files and programs
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Files and directories
File structure(directory tree)
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Directory tree
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Computers
Files and programs
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Commands
programs = commands
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Commands
program_name -parameter1 -parameter2 input_file output_file
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Navigation Commands
home directoryyour own (account) directory
working directorythe directory you are “sitting” in now
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Navigation Commands
pwd – print working directory
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Navigation Commands
pwd – print working directory
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Navigation Commands
ls – list the content of a directory
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Navigation Commands
ls – list the content of a directory
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Navigation Commands
ls – list the content of a directory
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Navigation Commands
ls – list the content of a directory
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Navigation Commands
cd – change working directory
cd <directory name> = down/forward
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Navigation Commands
cd – change working directory
cd <directory name> = down/forward
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Navigation Commands
cd – change working directory
cd <directory name> = down/forward
cd .. = up/back
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Navigation Commands
cd – change working directory
cd <directory name> = down/forward
cd .. = up/back
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Navigation Commands
cd – change working directory
cd <directory name> = down/forward
cd .. = up/back
cd = go home= cd /home/dahlo/
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Navigation Commands
Summarypwd – print working directoryls – list content of directorycd – change working directory
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Interaction Commands
cp - copy a filecp <name of original> <name of copy>
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Interaction Commands
cp - copy a filecp <name of original> <name of copy> cp myText.txt copy_of_my_text.txt
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Interaction Commands
cp - copy a filecp <name of original> <name of copy> cp /home/dahlo/test.txt ../../myDocs/
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Interaction Commands
mv - move a filemv <name of the file> <name of the “copy”> mv /home/dahlo/test.txt ../../myDocs/
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Interaction Commands
mv - rename a filemv <original name> <new name> mv myText.txt copy_of_my_text.txt
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Interaction Commands
less - view content of a fileless <file name> less readme.txt
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Interaction Commands
less - view content of a fileless <file name> less readme.txt
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Interaction Commands
less - view content of a fileless <file name> less readme.txt
press Q to exit less
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Head
head - view the first rows of a filehead <filename>
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Head
head - view the first rows of a filehead <filename>
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Head
head - view the first rows of a filehead <filename>
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Head
head - view the first rows of a filehead <filename>
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Head
head - view the first rows of a filehead -n <nr of lines> <filename>
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Tail
tail - view the last rows of a filetail <filename>
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Tail
tail - view the last n rows of a filetail -n <nr of lines> <filename>
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Interaction Commands
nano - edit content of a filenano <file name> nano readme.txt
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Interaction Commands
nano - edit content of a filenano <file name>nano readme.txt
^ = ctrl
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Interaction Commands
rm - remove a filerm <file name> Ex.
rm readme.txtrm ../../../file1.txtrm /home/dahlo/test.txt
There is no trash bin in CLI! Gone is gone..
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Wildcards
*Works with most Linux commands
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Wildcards
*Works with most Linux commands
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Wildcards
*Works with most Linux commands
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Wildcards
*Works with most Linux commands
Ex:
cp *.txt directory1/
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Wildcards
*Works with most Linux commands
Ex:
rm *.tmp
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The most important thing
TABCOMPLETION
(try to) never type a path or filename without it!
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TAB COMPLETION(try to) never type a path or filename without it!
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TAB COMPLETION(try to) never type a path or filename without it!
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TAB COMPLETION(try to) never type a path or filename without it!
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TAB COMPLETION(try to) never type a path or filename without it!
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Good to Know Commands
top - how much is the computer working?top
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Instructions how to use programsEasy to forget syntaxManual pages man <program name>Ex.
man ls
(q to quit)
Good to Know Commands
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How do I log out?exit
Exits only the current terminal
Good to Know Commands
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■ Summary■ cp – copy a file■ mv – move a file■ less – view a file ■ nano – view and edit a file■ rm – remove a file■ head / tail■ wildcards■ tab completion – use it!!!■ top – see active processes■ man – manual pages■ exit – Log out current terminal
Good to Know Commands
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Connect to UPPMAX
ssh - Secure SHell connection (ssh)
ssh -Y <username>@milou.uppmax.uu.seEx:
ssh -Y [email protected] in Linux and OSXMobaXterm in Windows (http://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/)Putty also alternative, but not as good..
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Reservations
Special for this coursesalloc -A g2017014 -t 07:00:00 -p core -n 1 --no-shell --reservation=g2017014_mon &
--reservation will be proj id and dayWill start a node which you have access to
Check which node with squeue -u usernamessh to given node, from within UPPMAX
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Laboratory time!