linux operations and administration chapter two installing opensuse
TRANSCRIPT
Linux Operations and Administration
Chapter TwoInstalling OpenSUSE
Linux Operations and Administration
Objectives
• Check your system configuration to determine whether it meets openSUSE installation requirements
• Describe the benefits of installing an OS on a virtual machine
• Summarize the installation phases in openSUSE
• Describe features of the GNOME desktop environment
• Describe features of the KDE desktop environment
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Linux Operations and Administration
Checking Your System Configuration
• YaST– Included with OpenSUSE– UI tool to customize the OS during and after
installation
• System configuration determines how openSUSE is installed– Desktop– Laptop– Server
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Linux Operations and Administration
Checking Your System Configuration (cont’d.)
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Figure 2-1 An overview of installation steps in YaST©Cengage Learning 2013
Linux Operations and Administration
Requirements for Installing Linux
• Most software installations run more smoothly if computer exceeds the minimum requirements
• Minimum requirements– Pentium III 500 MHz or higher processor– 512 MB RAM– 3 GB free disk space– 800 × 600 display resolution
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Linux Operations and Administration
Requirements for Installing Linux (cont’d.)
• Recommended requirements– Pentium 4 2.4 GHz or higher, any AMD64, or an Intel
EM64T processor– 1 GB RAM– More than 3 GB free disk space– 1024 × 768 or higher display resolution
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Linux Operations and Administration
The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines
• Server farms– Groups of servers networked together in a single
location
• Virtual machine (VM) – Software container with its own OS, IP address, and
applications
• Host– Physical computer where the virtual machine runs
• Guest– Virtual machine using the host’s physical hardware
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Linux Operations and Administration
The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines (cont’d.)
• Benefits of virtualization:– Run multiple OSs on one machine– Test applications before actually installing them on a
host machine– Reduce costs by decreasing the physical hardware
that must be purchased for a network– Experiment with untested programs without infecting
host machines with viruses or other malware
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Linux Operations and Administration
The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines (cont’d.)
• Table 2-1 – Overview of some virtualization software packages
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Table 2-1 Virtualization software packages
Linux Operations and Administration
Linux Operations and Administration
Overview of VMware Player
• VMware Player 3.1.5 – Free application – Create, configure, and run virtual machines on a
Windows or Linux system
• Requirements for the host machine:– Architecture—Standard x86-compatible or x86-64
with Intel VT or AMD-V–compatible PC– Processor speed—1.3 GHz or faster
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Linux Operations and Administration
Overview of VMware Player (cont’d.)
– Memory—Minimum 1 GB, but 2 GB or more recommended
– Hard disk—At least 1 GB free disk space recommended for each guest OS
• Activity 2-1: Downloading VMware Player– Register a VMware account – Download VMware Player 3.0
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Linux Operations and Administration
Installing VMware Player on a Windows Host
• Use the VMware-player-xxxxxx.exe installation file– xxxxxx represents the version and build numbers
• Activity 2-2: Installing VMware Player 3.1.5 on a Windows Host– Install VMware Player, a free program for creating,
configuring, and running virtual machines
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Linux Operations and Administration
Installing OpenSUSE
• OpenSUSE – Free, open-source Linux OS– Download, install, and use the software at no cost as
well as view and change the source code
• Download International Organization for Standardization (ISO) image file – http://software.openSUSE.org/112/en
• ISO image – Archive file containing the contents of a CD or DVD– “Virtual” CD or DVD is a digital replica of a physical
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Linux Operations and Administration
Installing OpenSUSE (cont’d.)
• Installation divided into three main phases: – Preparation, installation, and configuration
• Preparation phase – Interactive– Select the language, time zone, desktop
environment, hard disk setup, and user account and password
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Linux Operations and Administration
Installing OpenSUSE (cont’d.)
• Installation phase – Not interactive
• Configuration phase– Set up the network, Internet access, and hardware
components
• Activity 2-3: Creating a Virtual Machine– Create a virtual machine that can be used for
installing an OS
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Linux Operations and Administration
OpenSUSE Boot Options
• OpenSUSE Boot Options window– Displays options for the installation procedure– Table 2-2 explains the options
• Additional options:– F1 Help
• Context sensitive help
– F2 Language• Change the display language and corresponding
keyboard layout
– F3 Video Mode• Select a screen resolution, or select Text Mode
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Figure 2-3 The OpenSUSE Boot Options window©Cengage Learning 2013
Linux Operations and Administration
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Table 2-2 Settings in the Boot Options window
Linux Operations and Administration
Linux Operations and Administration
OpenSUSE Boot Options (cont’d.)
– F4 Source• Select the installation source medium
– F5 Kernel• Displays a menu of functions you can disable if you’re
having problems with the regular installation
– F6 Driver• Select if you have an optional driver update for
openSUSE
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Linux Operations and Administration
The Preparation Phase
• Installation window– Left side
• Overview of all the steps YaST takes to install openSUSE
– Top right• Select a language and keyboard layout
– Click Next • Accepts the license agreement
• System analysis – Determine whether other OSs are installed on your
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Figure 2-4 The System Probing window©Cengage Learning 2013
Linux Operations and Administration
Linux Operations and Administration
Installation Mode
• Choices for installation:– Installation
– Update
– Repair Installed System
• Other options– Use Automatic Configuration option
• Selected by default
• Used when performing a new installation
– Include Add-On Products from Separate Media option • Install add-ons from software repositories
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Linux Operations and Administration
Clock and Time Zone
• Select region and time zone
• Hardware clock set to Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) by default– Will switch from standard time to daylight savings
time and back automatically
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Linux Operations and Administration
Desktop Selection
• Choose the environment: GNOME or KDE
• Other choices for desktop:– XFCE Desktop– Minimal X Window– Minimal Server Selection (Text Mode)
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Linux Operations and Administration
Suggested Partitioning
• YaST checks hard disk and displays a proposed partition setup
• Edit Partition Setup button– Change the partition setup
• Logical Volume Management (LVM) – Creates virtual partitions that can span physical hard
drives
• Multiboot configuration – Install multiple OSs on one computer – Choose which one to use when computer boots
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Linux Operations and Administration
Create New User
• Create a local user and set the password
• “Use this password for system administrator” option – Allows using the same password supplied for the
user to access the system administrator (root) account
• Receive System Mail option– Allows the user to receive system service messages
• Automatic Login option– Boot straight to your desktop instead of being
prompted for a username and password
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Linux Operations and Administration
The Installation Phase
• After preparation phase YaST displays installation settings– Alter settings by clicking the headers for each
section or clicking the Change button
• Runlevel – Operating state of the Linux OS– Each runlevel offers different services– Can change the runlevel system boots to
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Linux Operations and Administration
The Installation Phase (cont’d.)
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Table 2-3 openSUSE Linux runlevels
Linux Operations and Administration
Performing the Installation
• Takes about 15 minutes
• Click the Details tab at any time– View installation log
• After installation is finished– Computer restarts in the configuration phase
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Linux Operations and Administration
The Configuration Phase
• Automatic Configuration option– Configuration process is done automatically
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Linux Operations and Administration
Hostname and Domain Name
• Hostname – Computer’s machine name in the network
• Domain name – Name of the network the host belongs to
• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) – Networking protocol – Assigns IP addresses and other network
configuration information to hosts automatically
• /etc/hosts file – Map hostnames to IP addresses
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Figure 2-5 The Network Configuration window©Cengage Learning 2013
Linux Operations and Administration
Linux Operations and Administration
Test Internet Connection
• Test network configuration – Select “Yes, Test Connection to the Internet” option
• If test fails– Go back to Network Configuration window to correct
the problem
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Linux Operations and Administration
Online Update
• YaST can perform online updates – Select Run Update, and then click Next– Click Accept to install the patches– Click Next to continue with the system configuration
• Activity 2-4: Installing OpenSUSE as a Guest OS– Install openSUSE as a guest OS on your Windows
computer
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Linux Operations and Administration
The GNOME Desktop Environment
• Easy-to-use graphical desktop environment
• Gives you quick access to applications
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Linux Operations and Administration
The GNOME Desktop Environment (cont’d.)
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Figure 2-6 The GNOME desktop environment©Cengage Learning 2013
Linux Operations and Administration
Features of GNOME
• GNOME desktop has two icons: – Folder represents home directory– Trashcan represents deleted files– If CD installed, also shows CD/DVD drive icon
• Double-click icons to open them
• Right-click icons to display a menu of options
• Panel at the bottom – Compared with the taskbar in Windows– Contains only two items: computer menu and
Tomboy Notes applet
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Linux Operations and Administration
Features of GNOME (cont’d.)
• GNOME applets – Small programs available on the GNOME Panel– Designed to give you quick access to useful
applications
• Workspace switcher– Workspace
• Virtual screen on the Linux desktop for displaying open applications
• Web browser– GNOME includes Firefox as the default Web
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Linux Operations and Administration
Features of GNOME (cont’d.)
• File manager– Nautilus is used to organize and access folders,
files, and applications
• Word processing– OpenOffice.org Writer
• Open-source word-processing program for creating documents and incorporating charts, tables, and graphics
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Linux Operations and Administration
Features of GNOME (cont’d.)
• E-mail– Evolution is the e-mail software included with
GNOME
• Activity 2-5: Working with the GNOME Desktop Environment– Get hands-on practice in working with GNOME
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Linux Operations and Administration
The KDE Desktop Environment
• K Desktop Environment (KDE)– Gives you quick access to applications, such as
word-processing programs, Web browsers, e-mail, and a file manager
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Linux Operations and Administration
The KDE Desktop Environment (cont’d.)
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Figure 2-7 The KDE desktop environment©Cengage Learning 2013
Linux Operations and Administration
Features of KDE
• Folder View widget – Called Desktop Folder – Contains the contents of your Desktop directory
• Desktop Folder widget – Shows the contents of the ~/Desktop directory– Default icons
• Firefox, My Computer, Office, Online Help, and openSUSE
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Linux Operations and Administration
Features of KDE (cont’d.)
• Quick Launch area– Part of KDE Panel – Reserved for shortcuts to often used applications
• KDE panel– Located at the bottom of the desktop– Consists of the Quick Launch area, taskbar, and
system tray
• System tray– Contains the system clock, a volume control icon,
and the Lock and Leave icons
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Linux Operations and Administration
Features of KDE (cont’d.)
• Activity 2-6: Working with KDE– Get hands-on practice in working with KDE
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Linux Operations and Administration
Summary
• YaST– GUI tool used to customize OS settings during and
after installation
• Virtualization– Run multiple OSs on one machine
• VMware player – Free virtualization software package – Used to create, configure, and run virtual machines
on Windows or Linux PCs
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Linux Operations and Administration
Summary (cont’d.)
• OpenSUSE installation is divided into three phases: – Preparation, installation, and configuration
• Desktop environments used most often with openSUSE:– GNOME and KDE
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