LIPID (FAT) NOTES

Lipids

Waxy or oily compounds that store energy in their bonds

Elements in lipids – carbon, hydrogen & oxygen

Examples – fats, oils & waxes

Functions in the body

**Long-term energy storage**InsulationForms the protective membrane

that surrounds each cellSome used as chemical

messengers

Types of Lipids

Saturated – fats that hold all the hydrogen that molecule can holdExamples: shortening & butter

H H H

H – C – C – C – O – H

H H H

Types of Lipids, cont.

Unsaturated – fats that have some spaces left in the molecule for hydrogenExamples: oils

H

C = C = C – O – H

H H

Building Blocks

Fatty acids – the building blocks of fats (lipids)

Foods/Words that Indicate Lipids: Fats Oils Waxes Cottonseed oil, Palm oil, Soybean oil, Vegetable oil, Corn

oil, Canola oil, etc. Vegetable Shortening Cholesterol Butter Animal Fat (Lard) Dairy Products (Milk, Cheese, Buttermilk, Cream etc.) Nuts (Peanuts, Almonds, etc.) Meat (Chicken, Pork, Beef, Bacon, etc.) Eggs (whole or yolks – not whites)

Food Energy

1 gram of lipids (fat) is 9 calories

Website Link

http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objid=AP13204

NUCLEIC ACID NOTES

Nucleic Acids

Molecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon & phosphorus

Function in the body

Store & transmit hereditary or genetic information

Building Blocks

Nucleotides – the building blocks of nucleic acids

Nucleotides have 3 parts:5-carbon sugarA phosphate groupA nitrogenous (nitrogen-containing)

base

Examples

Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)