LIPIDSLIPIDSFATS, OILS & WAXESFATS, OILS & WAXES

FatFat

OilsOils

WaxWax

Contain ONLY Contain ONLY C, H, & OC, H, & O(just like carbs)(just like carbs)

(They have more carbon than carbs do)(They have more carbon than carbs do)

Building Blocks - Building Blocks - glycerolglycerol and 3 and 3 fatty acidsfatty acids

1 1 glycerolglycerol with 3 with 3 fatty acidfatty acid “tails” “tails”

glycerol

Fatty acid “tails”

3 groups of lipids3 groups of lipids

Fats Oils Waxes Fats Oils Waxes

CCharacteristic: haracteristic:

None dissolve in waterNone dissolve in water

They are stored in your body They are stored in your body without waterwithout water——that’s much more energy-efficient than that’s much more energy-efficient than carb or protein storagecarb or protein storage

Huge EnergyHuge Energy

Check your UnderstandingCheck your Understanding

What is the scientific name for “fats”?What is the scientific name for “fats”? What are fats made of?What are fats made of? What one characteristic puts the lipids all What one characteristic puts the lipids all

in the same group?in the same group? What are the 3 types of lipids?What are the 3 types of lipids?

2 types: 2 types: saturatedsaturated and and unsaturatedunsaturated Saturated is Saturated is BAD (bacon)BAD (bacon) unsaturated is unsaturated is GOOD (olive oil)GOOD (olive oil)

Saturated FatsSaturated Fats

Made by Made by animalsanimals Solid at room temperature Solid at room temperature Ex - Butter, BaconEx - Butter, Bacon Cause your body to make more “bad” cholesterol – Cause your body to make more “bad” cholesterol –

blood cholesterol levels riseblood cholesterol levels rise

BAD cholesterol = BAD cholesterol = LDLLDL LDL plugs up arteriesLDL plugs up arteries

Unsaturated Fats (oils)Unsaturated Fats (oils) Made by Made by plants plants

Also made by fishAlso made by fish

Liquids at room temperatureLiquids at room temperature Ex - Olive oilEx - Olive oil

Cause your body to start making more “good” Cause your body to start making more “good” cholesterol – blood cholesterol levels dropcholesterol – blood cholesterol levels drop

““Good” cholesterol = Good” cholesterol = HDLHDL HDLs clean cholesterol from your blood HDLs clean cholesterol from your blood

(liver breaks cholesterol down)(liver breaks cholesterol down)

Functions of Fats (4)Functions of Fats (4)

1. Long term energy storage1. Long term energy storage Store 9 calories per gramStore 9 calories per gram Are Are hydrophobichydrophobic so they are not stored with so they are not stored with

water water 6 times 6 times the energy of carbs and proteinthe energy of carbs and protein

2. Forms cell membranes2. Forms cell membranes3. Cushions organs3. Cushions organs4. Insulation4. Insulation

Check Your UnderstandingCheck Your Understanding

What is the good fat?What is the good fat? What is the bad fat?What is the bad fat? What is the good cholesterol?What is the good cholesterol? Bad cholesterol?Bad cholesterol? Which organisms Which organisms make saturated fats? make saturated fats? Which organismsWhich organisms make unsaturated fats? make unsaturated fats? Name the 4 functions of fatsName the 4 functions of fats How many calories per gram of fat?How many calories per gram of fat?