liquid desiccant cooling system
DESCRIPTION
this document ives information regarding liquid desiccant cooling systems available in markets, its method and principle of functionsing, area of uses etc.TRANSCRIPT
LIQUID DESICCANT AIR COOLING (LDAC)
MADE BY:
SHWETA MODI 11
KASHYAP PARSANA 16
JAY VADODARIA 26
AIR COOLING SYSTEMS
AIR COOLING SYSTEMS
CONVENTIONAL COOLING SYSTEM
SOLID DESICCANT WHEEL SYSTEM
LIQUID DESICCANT COOLING SYSTEM
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS PERFORM TWO CRITICAL FUNCTIONS:
COOL AND DEHUMIDIFY AIR
COOLING THE AIR IS RELATIVELY STRAIGHTFORWARD, REMOVING HUMIDITY TENDS TO BE COSTLY IN TERMS OF ENERGY
CONSUMPTION AND MAINTENANCE COSTS.
CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM:
CONVENTIONAL A/C SYSTEMS OVERCOOL THE AIR TO DEW POINT TO CONDENSE MOISTURE FROM THE AIR, AND THEN
REHEAT TO A COMFORTABLE TEMPERATURE.
SOLID DESICCANT WHEEL SYSTEM:
SOLID DESICCANT WHEELS REQUIRE A CONSTANT CYCLE OF EXCESSIVE HEAT AND RECOOLING IN THEIR
DEHUMIDIFICATION PROCESS.
BOTH OF THESE PROCESSES WASTE AN EXORBITANT AMOUNT OF ENERGY.
COMPARISION BETWEEN LDAC AND CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
COMPARISION BETWEEN LDAC AND CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEM:
LIQUID DESICCANT TECHNOLOGY USES, A NON-TOXIC BRINE SOLUTION WITH A HIGH AFFINITY FOR WATER, TO NATURALLY
REMOVE HUMIDITY AND COOL THE AIR IN ONE PASS.
THIS THERMODYNAMIC SHORT-CUT TAKES YOU DIRECTLY TO THE COMFORT ZONE, CUTTING YOUR AIR CONDITIONING
WORKLOAD BY HALF .
CONCERNS WITH CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM EFFICIENCY:
FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM WITH TRADITIONAL AIR
CONDITIONING SYSTEMS IS THAT THEY DO A GREAT JOB AT
SENSIBLE COOLING, BUT PROVIDE A VERY INEFFICIENT
SYSTEM FOR REMOVING HUMIDITY FROM AIR.
REACHING A TYPICAL TARGET OF 22◦ C AND 50% RH MAY REQUIRE
BRINGING THE PROCESSED AIR TO 11◦ C OR LOWER .
HEALTH CONSIDERATION:
ANOTHER CONCERN WITH CURRENT HVAC TECHNOLOGY IS THE
NEGATIVE HEALTH IMPACTS OF AIRBORNE MOLD AND BACTERIA
GROWTH ON HVAC INTERIOR SURFACES. WATER THAT HAS
CONDENSED ON COILS SERVES AS AN IDEAL INCUBATING GROUND
FOR MOLD AND BACTERIA.
80%
20%
SENSIBLE COOLING (TEMP REDUCTTION)
LATENT COOLING (HUMIDITY REDUCTION)
TOTAL COOLING OF A CONVENTIONAL AIR-CONDITIONER
11◦ C
ACCEPTABLE HUMIDITY LEVEL
PROCESSED AIR
22◦ C 50% RH
CONCERNS WITH SOLID DESICCANT WHEEL SYSTEM THE CHALLENGE WITH SOLID DESICCANT WHEELS IS THAT
THEY NEED TO BE BOMBARDED BY +93°C HEAT IN ORDER TO
FRY OFF THE DESICCANT’S RECENTLY CAPTURED HUMIDITY.
THIS ALLOWS THE NEWLY DRIED DESICCANT TO ONCE AGAIN
GRAB MORE HUMIDITY AS THE WHEEL IS ROTATED BACK
AROUND TO THE OUTSIDE AIR STREAM.
THE PROBLEM IS THAT NEWLY TOASTED WHEEL CAN HEAT
THE OUTDOOR AIR UP TO 43°C OR MORE!
THIS 43°C HEAT TRAIN SLAMS INTO THE HVAC UNIT
CHALLENGING IT TO COOL IT BACK DOWN TO 18°C - 20°C IN
ONE PASS. ONE WOULD NEED SIGNIFICANTLY MORE RESERVE
TONNAGE TO ACHIEVE THAT TEMPERATURE DROP.
HENCE THE LIQUID DESICCANTS ARE MORE PREFFERED
OVER SOLID DESICCANTS.
LIQUID DESICCANT AIR COOLING LIQUID DESICCANT AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS DEHUMIDIFY
AND COOLS THE AIR.
A KEY ADVANTAGE OF LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS IS THAT THEY
PROVIDE INDEPENDENT CONTROL OF TEMPERATURE AND
HUMIDITY, ENABLING SENSIBLE COOLING (TEMPERATURE
REDUCTION) AND LATENT COOLING (HUMIDITY REDUCTION). TO
MATCH THE NEEDS OF THE APPLICATION AND AVOID THE ENERGY
WASTED IN OVERCOOLING.
DESICCANT SYSTEMS CAN ALSO BE POWERED BY RENEWABLE
ENERGY SOURCES SUCH AS SOLAR THERMAL AND WASTE HEAT
FROM CO-GENERATION SYSTEMS, PROVIDING ENERGY SAVINGS
OF 30% - 80%.
80%
20%
SENSIBLE COOLING (TEMP REDUCTTION)
LATENT COOLING (HUMIDITY REDUCTION)
TOTAL COOLING OF A LIQUID DESICCANT AIR-CONDITIONER
A DESICCANT IS A HYGROSCOPIC SUBSTANCE USED AS A DRYING
AGENT.
DESICCANTS ARE AVAILABLE IN ALL THE STATES OF MATTER SOLID
LIQUID AND GAS.
EFFICIENCY MEASURE:
1. ONE MEASURE OF DESICCANT EFFICIENCY IS THE RATIO
(OR PERCENTAGE) OF WATER STORABLE IN THE
DESICCANT RELATIVE TO THE MASS OF DESICCANT.
2. ANOTHER MEASURE IS THE RESIDUAL RELATIVE HUMIDITY
OF THE AIR OR OTHER FLUID BEING DRIED.
THE PERFORMANCE OF ANY DESICCANT VARIES WITH
TEMPERATURE AND BOTH RELATIVE HUMIDITY AND ABSOLUTE
HUMIDITY
WHAT IS DESICCANT ?
*HYGROSCOPIC-
TENDING TO ABSORB MOISTURE FROM THE AIR.
SILICA GEL MAY BE DOPED WITH A MOISTURE INDICATOR THAT GRADUALLY
CHANGES ITS COLOR WHEN IT TRANSITIONS FROM THE ANHYDROUS (DRY)
STATE, TO THE HYDRATED (WET) STATE. COMMON INDICATORS ARE COBALT(II)
CHLORIDE AND METHYL VIOLET.
COBALT (II) CHLORIDE IS DEEP BLUE WHEN DRY AND PINK WHEN WET.
METHYL VIOLET CHANGE FROM ORANGE TO GREEN
DESICCANT
SOLID EG:- SILICA GEL, ACTIVATED
CHARCOAL, MOLECULAR SIEVES (TYPICALLY, ZEOLITES).
LIQUID
HYGROSCOPIC SALTS EG:- CALCIUM CHLORIDE, LITHIUM
CHLORIDE, SODIUM CHLORIDE, SODIUM SULPHATE, POTASSUIM
FORMATE
GLYCOLS EG:- TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL,
PROPYLENE GLYCOL
TYPES OF DESICCANT
TYPES OF LIQUID DESICCANT HYGROSCOPIC SALTS:
THESE ARE DESICCANTS THAT HAVE SALTS ADDED TO A WATER SOLUTION. LITHIUM CHLORIDE IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMONLY
USED HYGROSCOPIC SALTS BECAUSE IT IS HIGHLY EFFECTIVE AND HAS RELATIVELY FEW CORROSIVE PROPERTIES. THE
CONCENTRATION OF SALT GENERALLY DETERMINES THE QUALITY OF THE SOLUTION.
EG:- CALCIUM CHLORIDE, LITHIUM CHLORIDE, MAGNESIUM PERCHLORATE, SODIUM CHLORIDE, SODIUM SULPHATE,
POTASSUIM FORMATE
GLYCOLS
GLYCOLS FUNCTION MUCH LIKE HYGROSCOPIC SALTS, BUT REQUIRE HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS TO ACHIEVE EQUILIBRIUM, MAY
ALSO EVAPORATE AND REQUIRE A SIGNIFICANTLY LARGER AMOUNT OF SOLUTION TO WORK AS A DESICCANT.
DUE TO EVAPORATION, THE SOLUTION MAY NEED TO BE PERIODICALLY REPLACED AND IS TYPICALLY USED IN LOWER
TEMPERATURE OPERATIONS.
PROPYLENE GLYCOL HAS RELATIVELY LOW TOXICITY, MAKING IT SUITABLE FOR FOOD-RELATED APPLICATIONS, WHILE
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL PROVIDES REDUCED EVAPORATION POTENTIAL.
IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY IN LDAC A LDAC SYSTEM WORKS ON TWO BASIC PHENOMENON
ABSORPTION AND DIFFUSION
ABSORPTION : A PROCESS IN WHICH ONE SUBSTANCE PERMEATES ANOTHER; A FLUID PERMEATES OR IS DISSOLVED BY A
LIQUID OR SOLID.
DIFFUSION : THE PROCESS IN WHICH THERE IS MOVEMENT OF A SUBSTANCE FROM AN AREA OF HIGH CONCENTRATION OF
THAT SUBSTANCE TO AN AREA OF LOWER CONCENTRATION.
EQUILIBRIUM:
REGENERATION:
HOW LDAC FUNCTIONS
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A LDAC
HOW LDAC FUNCTIONS
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ACTUAL DIAGRAM OF A LDAC
HOW LDAC FUNCTIONS TYPICAL LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS HAVE TWO PRIMARY
COMPONENTS:
1.ABSORBER 2. REGENERATOR.
STAGE: 1
DE-HUMIDIFYING / ABSORPTION TOWER
IN THE BASIC CONFIGURATION, CONCENTRATED AND
COOLED LIQUID DESICCANT FLOWS INTO THE
ABSORBER AND DOWN THROUGH A PACKED BED OF
GRANULAR PARTICLES (OR OTHER ENHANCED MASS
TRANSFER SURFACE OR PACKING).
RETURN AIR PASSES UP THROUGH THE BED,
TRANSFERRING BOTH MOISTURE AND HEAT TO THE
COUNTERFLOWING LIQUID DESICCANT.
THE LIQUID DESICCANT LEAVES THE BOTTOM OF THE
PACKED BED DILUTED BY THE WATER ABSORBED
FROM THE AIR, AND FLOWS INTO THE REGENERATOR.
HOW LDAC FUNCTIONS STAGE:2
REGENERATION TOWER
A HEAT SOURCE (GAS- OR OIL-FIRED, WASTE HEAT, SOLAR,
ETC.) IN THE REGENERATOR HEATS THE WEAK LIQUID
DESICCANT SOLUTION, WHICH IS THEN SPRAYED ON ANOTHER
PACKED BED.
THE HEATED SOLUTION TRANSFERS THE ABSORBED
MOISTURE TO A COUNTER-FLOWING SCAVENGER AIRSTREAM
TO REGENERATE A CONCENTRATED LIQUID DESICCANT
SOLUTION.
AFTER THE RETURN FEED FROM THE REGENERATOR PASSES
THROUGH A COOLING TOWER OR CHILLER, THE COOLED
LIQUID DESICCANT SOLUTION RETURNS TO THE ABSORBER TO
COMPLETE THE CYCLE.
DESIGNS OFTEN INCLUDE A COUNTERFLOW HEAT EXCHANGER
BETWEEN THE ABSORBER AND THE REGENERATOR TO REDUCE
THE AMOUNT OF EXTERNAL HEATING AND COOLING
REQUIRED.
REGENETRATION OF LIQUID DESICCANT
REGENERATION OF DESICCANT
RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOLAR ENERGY
GEO- THERMAL ENERGY
NON- RENEWABLE
ENERGY
REUSING HEAT OF
COMPRESSOR
REGENETRATION OF LIQUID DESICCANT BY SOLAR ENERGY
REGENETRATION OF LIQUID DESICCANT BY GEO-THERMAL ENERGY
ADVANTAGES OF LDAC DEHUMIDIFICATION & HUMIDITY CONTROL
COMMERCIAL FACILITIES WITH A HIGH OCCUPANCY LEVEL SUCH AS
SCHOOLS AND FITNESS CENTERS OFTEN STRUGGLE WITH HUMIDITY FROM
BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SOURCES.
PEOPLE GENERATE A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF MOISTURE BY SIMPLY
BREATHING AND HIGH LEVELS OF FRESH AIR INTAKE IN A HUMID CLIMATE
CAN FURTHER PUSH HUMIDITY BEYOND A COMFORTABLE AND HEALTHY
RANGE.
LIQUID DESICCANT TECHNOLOGY USES, A SALTY, BRINE SOLUTION WITH A
HIGH AFFINITY FOR WATER, TO NATURALLY AND POWERFULLY REMOVE
HUMIDITY FROM THE AIR.
LDAC UNIT REMOVES UP TO 90 GALLONS OF MOISTURE PER DAY;
COMPARED TO JUST 38 GALLONS REMOVED BY A CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM.
ADVANTAGES OF LDAC COST
LIQUID DESICCANT TECHNOLOGY CONDITIONS THE AIR DIRECTLY, ELIMINATING THE “REWORK” REQUIRED OF
CONVENTIONAL AND SOLID DESICCANT SYSTEMS.
WITHOUT THIS REWORK, THE COST SAVINGS ARE SUBSTANTIAL COMPARE TO ALTERNATIVE EQUIPMENT:
20 - 40% LOWER OPERATING COSTS THAN OUTSIDE AIR / HIGH LATENT MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
30 - 60% LOWER OPERATING COSTS THAN SOLID DESICCANT WHEEL SYSTEMS
COMPARABLE (OR LOWER) UPFRONT COSTS TO ALTERNATIVE EQUIPMENT
EXAMPLE FOR 3000 CFM OF OUTDOOR AIR:
REQUIRED EQUIPMENT MEETS LOADS ENERGY
CONSUMPTION (MBH)
ENERGY COST
STANDARD DX UNIT 20+ TONS CONVENTIONAL NO 250 - 300 $$
VAPOR COMPRESSION DOAS
18 TONS COOLING + MODULATING HOT GAS
REHEAT YES 200 - 300 $$
GAS CHARGED DESICCANT WHEEL
7 “TONS” DEHUMIDIFICATION + 16
TONS COOLING YES 250 - 450 $$$
LDAC SYSTEMS 12 “TONS” LDAC YES 100 - 150 $
ADVANTAGES OF LDAC INDOOR AIR QUALITY
LIQUID DESICCANT SOLUTION IS TOXIC TO MICROORGANISMS
AND BACTERIA. PARTICULATES LARGER THAN 5 MICRONS ARE
REMOVED, ELIMINATING DANGEROUS FUMES AND UNPLEASANT
ODORS.
POWERFUL HUMIDITY CONTROL AND NO CONDENSATION
POINTS ANYWHERE IN THE SYSTEM PREVENT S THE GROWTH OF
MOLD AND MILDEW ON COILS, DUCTWORK, AND BUILDING
SURFACES FOR A SAFER, HEALTHIER ENVIRONMENT.
FIELD DATA SHOWS THAT
1. DESICCANT SOLUTION KILLS 99% OF MICRO-ORGANISMS IT
CONTACTS
2. 89-98% REDUCTION IN AIRBORNE M ICRO-ORGANISMS AFTER
INTALL
3. ALLERGENS, PARTICULATES, AND ODOUR CAUSING
MOLECULES ALSO CAPTURED BY THE PROCESS
ADVANTAGES OF LDAC INSTALLATION
LIQUID DESICCANT UNITS ARE AS EASY TO
INSTALL AS CONVENTIONAL EQUIPMENT.
UNITS CAN BE INSTALLED ON A ROOFTOP, IN A
MECHANICAL ROOM, INSIDE THE FACILITY, OR
SKID-MOUNTED NEXT TO AN EXTERIOR WALL.
THE KEY REQUIREMENT IS BEING ABLE TO
EXHAUST THE HOT AND HUMID AIR TO THE
EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT.
UNLIKE CONVENTIONAL SYSTEMS, THERE IS NO
CONDENSATE REMOVAL SYSTEM, NO PLUMBING,
WATER OR GAS HOOKUPS, NO DRIP PANS, NO WET
COILS OR UV LIGHTS AND NO DISPOSABLE
FILTERS.
LDAC UNIT ON TERRACE LDAC UNIT ON MOUNTED TO WALL
LDAC UNIT IN INTERIOR EXCLUDED FROM MAIN USAGE AREA
OTHER ADVANTAGES OF LDAC 5. ENERGY
SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION IN
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
6. PERFORMANCE
NO PERFORMANCE DEGRADATION AND
NO REPLACEMENT OF DESICCANT
7. COMPACT & LIGHTWEIGHT
SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED
FOOTPRINT AND WEIGHT
8. MAINTENANCE
MINIMAL MAINTENANCE AND
INFREQUENT REPLACEMENT OF PARTS
HIGH INITIAL COST.
MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT.
AS DESICCANT IS A BRINE SOLUTION IT CORRODES THE EQUIPMENT.
COST OF ENERGY (USUALLY NATURAL GAS) TO REGENERATE THE DESICCANT
A SEPARATE HEAT EXCHANGER IS REQUIRED TO COOL THE DESICCANT BEFORE IT IS DELIVERED FOR ABSORPTION AGAIN
DISADVANTAGES OF LDAC SYSYTEM
USES OF LDAC SYSTEM
APPLICATIONS THAT MAY BENEFIT FROM LIQUID DESICCANTS, SORTED BY RELEVANT DESIGN DEMAND.
OTHER USES OF LD SYSTEM
LIQUID DESICCANT DRYING SYSTEM
CONCLUSION UNLIKE CONVENTIONAL AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS, LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS DIRECTLY ABSORB HUMIDITY FROM
THE AIR WHILE COOLING. THIS APPROACH SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCES ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY ELIMINATING THE NEED
FOR OVER-COOLING AND REHEATING
THE AIR.
LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS ALSO OFFER THE ABILITY TO INDEPENDENTLY CONTROL TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
WHICH USUALLY MAKES IT POSSIBLE TO PROVIDE A MORE COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT WHILE GENERATING
ADDITIONAL ENERGY SAVINGS.
LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS CAN BE POWERED BY RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES SUCH AS SOLAR
PANELS AND GEOTHERMAL WATER OR BY WASTE HEAT FROM CO-GENERATION SYSTEMS.
TYPES OF LDAC UNITS IN MARKET THERE ARE FOUR SYSTEM SERIES: FV; FH; FP AND SP.
FV “VERTICAL DISCHARGE” CONDITIONER
THE CONDITIONER CAN BE DESIGNED WITH PROCESS FANS AVAILABLE IN “UPBLAST”, “FRONT” OR “REAR” AIR
DISCHARGE ARRANGEMENTS.
VERTICAL UNIT APPLIES TO BREWERIES AND INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS WHICH OFTEN HAVE LIMITED FLOOR SPACE
AND HIGH CEILINGS.
THEY ALSO HAVE THE FLEXIBILITY TO INCORPORATE MULTIPLE CONDITIONERS AND A SINGLE REGENERATOR.
FH “HORIZONTAL DISCHARGE” CONDITIONER
THE FH DESIGN IS BEST SUITED FOR APPLICATIONS WHERE SPACE HEIGHT LIMITATIONS PROHIBIT THE USE OF THE
“FV” SERIES.
FH CONDITIONERS ARE COMMONLY APPLIED TO COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS OR PENTHOUSES WHICH DO NOT HAVE
THE HEAD ROOM REQUIRED BY THE FV CONDITIONERS.
APPLICATIONS SUCH AS HOSPITALS AND LABS OFTEN REQUIRE THE FH APPROACH.
TYPES OF LDAC UNITS IN MARKET FP “FIBERGLASS PACKED” REGENERATOR
THE PACKED TOWER REGENERATORS ARE USED WITH ALL FV AND FH CONDITIONERS.
FP REGENERATOR APPLIES FOR MOST APPLICATIONS THAT HAVE A LARGER MOISTURE LOAD OR SEVERAL
CONDITIONERS SUCH AS BREWERIES, FOOD AND CANDY MANUFACTURING.
THEY COME IN A LARGE RANGE OF SIZES AND CAN BE REMOTELY LOCATED FROM THE CONDITIONER OR
CONDITIONERS.
SP “SMALL PACKAGED” CONDITIONER/REGENERATOR
THESE FACTORY PACKAGED SYSTEMS ARE A PLUG & PLAY DESIGNED SYSTEM, REQUIRING ONLY PLANT UTILITIES
AND POWER TO A SINGLE POINT.
SP UNITS ARE IDEAL FOR SMALLER APPLICATIONS SUCH AS WATER WORKS, CASTING APPLICATIONS,
PHARMACEUTICAL DRYING ROOMS AND FILLING AREAS.
THEY ARE COMPACT, READY TO GO SKID MOUNTED AND PACKAGED UNITS.
COMPONENTS A—FRP BODY/HOUSING B—FRP PUMP TANK C—DESICCANT SPRAY PUMP D—HEAT EXCHANGER E—SPRAY PRESSURE VALVE F—FAN ADAPTER PLENUM G—PROCESS AIR FAN H—BYPASS FILTER CARTRIDGE I—DESICCANT PIPING
FV “VERTICAL DISCHARGE” CONDITIONER
UNIT SIZE
AIRFLOW(MIN) AIRFLOW(MAX) APPROXIMATE DIMENSIONS NORMAL OPERATING
WEIGHT
CFM m3/hr CFM m3/hr INCHES cm
lbs kg L W H L W H
240FV 1,500 2,550 3,000 5,100 62 50 77 157 127 196 1,950 885
7000FV 42,000 71,360 84,000 1,42,720 377 105 120 958 267 305 24,000 10,886
FH “HORIZONTAL DISCHARGE” CONDITIONER
UNIT SIZE
AIRFLOW(MIN) AIRFLOW(MAX) APPROXIMATE DIMENSIONS NORMAL OPERATING
WEIGHT
CFM m3/hr CFM m3/hr INCHES cm
lbs kg L W H L W H
800FH 5,000 8,500 10,000 16,990 96 78 93 244 198 236 4,400 1,996
7000FH 42000 71360 84000 142720 387 96 117 983 244 297 27,300 12,383
COMPONENTS A—FRP BODY/HOUSING B—FRP PUMP TANK C—DESICCANT SPRAY PUMP D—HEAT EXCHANGER E—SPRAY PRESSURE VALVE F—BYPASS FILTER CARTRIDGE G—DESICCANT PIPING
FP “FIBERGLASS PACKED” REGENERATOR
UNIT SIZE INLET AIRFLOW APPROXIMATE DIMENSIONS NORMAL OPERATING WEIGHT
CFM m3/hr INCHES cm
lbs kg L W H L W H
1.5 FP 475 810 42 40 99 107 102 251 3,300 1,497
40 FP 12,600 21,410 167 75 127 424 191 323 4,400 1,996
COMPONENTS A—FRP BODY/HOUSING B—FRP PUMP TANK C—DESICCANTS SPRAY PUMP D—HEAT EXCHANGER E—SPRAY PRESSURE VALVE F—EXHAUST PLENUM G—DESICCANT PIPING H—REGENERATOR FAN
SP “SMALL PACKAGED” CONDITIONER / REGENERATOR
COMPONENTS A—FRP BODY/HOUSING B—DESICCANT SPRAY PUMP(S) C—HEAT EXCHANGER D—PROCESS AIR FAN E—BYPASS FILTER CARTRIDGE F—DESICCANT PIPING G—REGENERATOR FAN H—PLC CONTROL PANEL
UNIT SIZE
AIRFLOW(MIN) AIRFLOW(MAX) APPROXIMATE DIMENSIONS NORMAL OPERATING
WEIGHT
CFM m3/hr CFM m3/hr INCHES cm
lbs kg L W H L W H
240 SP 1,500 2,550 3,000 5,100 111 59 123 282 150 312 3,300 1,497
400 SP 2,500 4,250 5,000 8,500 128 66 125 325 168 318 4,400 1,996
600 SP 3,750 6,370 7,500 12,740 177 66 132 450 168 335 5,800 2,631
LIQUID DESICCANT AND ARCHITECTURE
PROJECT NAME: LEAF HOUSE LOCATION: MARYLAND, U.S.A FEATURE: LIQUID DESICCANT WATERFALL
LIQUID DESICCANT WATERFALL
REQUIREMENT:
AS PART OF THE DESIGN’S ENERGY EFFICIENCY, THE TEAM
NEEDED A LOW-ENERGY SYSTEM TO COOL THE HOT-HUMID
SUMMER AIR IN MARYLAND.
DESIGN:
THE INGENUITY CAME WHEN THEY DECIDED TO RE-DESIGN
AND ADAPT A TECHNOLOGY USED IN LARGE-SCALE
COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS TO FIT IN THEIR SMALL
FOOTPRINT.
INSTEAD OF HIDING THE SYSTEM, THEY FOUND A WAY TO
MAKE IT AN ARCHITECTURAL FEATURE.
MATERIAL:
THE "LIQUID DESICCANT WATERFALL" USES LITHIUM
CHLORIDE/ CALCIUM CHLORIDE TO DEHUMIDIFY
LIQUID DESICCANT AND ARCHITECTURE
LIQUID DESICCANT WATERFALL
APPROACH:
USE A DESICCANT TO ABSORB WATER FROM THE AIR AND,
WHEN IT IS SATURATED, HEAT THE WATER (WITH SOLAR
TUBES) OUTSIDE THE BUILDING TO EVAPORATE OUT LIQUID TO
CONCENTRATE THE DESICCANT AGAIN.
INSIDE THE HOUSE, THIS LOOKS LIKE A WATERFALL IN
PLEXIGLASS. THUS, NOT ONLY WOULD IT SAVE ON ENERGY USE,
IT ALSO WOULD CALM RESIDENTS.
ALSO IN WINTER, THE PROCESS COULD BE REVERSED TO HUMIFY
THE AIR. AND, IN SUMMER, THE LIQUID DESICCANT WATERFALL
COULD CONTRIBUTE TO COOLING.
LIQUID DESICCANT AND ARCHITECTURE
THANK YOU
SLIDE DISTRIBUTION
OPTION: 1 TOTAL SLIDE NO. 1-12 SHWETA 12 SLIDE NO. 13-25 JAY 12 SLIDE NO. 26-38 KASHYAP 12
AVG 12 SLIDES EACH PERSON
OPTION: 2 TOTAL SLIDE NO. 1-7, 34-38 SHWETA 12 SLIDE NO. 8-19 JAY 11 SLIDE NO. 20-33 KASHYAP 13
OPTION: 3 TOTAL SLIDE NO. 1-7, 34-38 SHWETA 12 SLIDE NO. 8-12 , 17-25 JAY 14 SLIDE NO. 13-16, 26-33 KASHYAP 12