list of newspaper articles deliverable no.: y2q3

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List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3 Includes: Date and list of newspaper articles along with web link till March, 2015. Submitted By Sonalde Desai For Research project on HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY IN INDIA funded by the UK government as part of its Knowledge Partnership Programme (KPP) Submitted May, 2015 .

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Page 1: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Includes: Date and list of newspaper articles along with web link till March, 2015.

Submitted By Sonalde Desai For Research project on

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY IN INDIA

funded by the UK government as part of its Knowledge Partnership Programme (KPP)

Submitted May, 2015

.

Page 2: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Newspaper Opinion Articles Written by NCAER/UMD Staff with

India Human Development Survey based Information

1. Op-Ed by Sonalde Desai: Declining sex ratios seen in gender scorecard: The Hindu:

March 19, 2014

Online Link is available here

2. Op-Ed by Sonalde Desai, Omkar Joshi & Reeve Vanneman: The Hindu: March 22, 2014:

Employer of the last resort?

Online Link is available here

3. Article by Ken Apfel: Universal Pension for Indians: Live Mint: March 25, 2014.

Online link is available here   4. Op-Ed by Sonalde Desai: The Hindu: March 29, 2014: Food security in the time of

inflation Online link is available here

5. Op-Ed by Sonalde Desai,  Debasis Barik & Tushar Agrawal: The Hindu: April 2, 2014: Poorly Performing Public Services.

Online Link is available here

6. Op-Ed by Amaresh Dubey & Reeve Vanneman: The Hindu: April 5, 2014: An inclusive growth policy.

Online Link is available here   7. Article by Sonalde Desai: Cereal indiscretions: The Indian Express: June 23, 2014.

Online Link is available here   8. Article by Sonalde Desai: The new young: The Indian Express: August 27, 2014.

Online Link is available here

9. Article by Amit Thorat: Mapping Exclusion: The Indian Express: December 3, 2014.

Online Link is available here

 

Page 3: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

List of Infographics Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Includes: Date and list of infographics along with web link.

Submitted By Sonalde Desai For Research project on

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY IN INDIA

funded by the UK government as part of its Knowledge Partnership Programme (KPP)

Submitted May, 2015

.

Page 4: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Infographics Prepared using India Human Development Survey

Infographics 1: by Rukmini Sukumaran: Many women have no say in marriage: The Hindu: March 19, 2014

Online Link is available here  

Another link based on above article:- http://article.wn.com/view/2014/03/18/Many_women_have_no_say_in_marriage/

Infographics 2: A Grim Statistical Picture of Married Indian Women: The Wall Street Journal (India Real Time): March 21, 2014.

Online Link is available here .

Infographics 3: Daily Bhaskar.com: Being a woman in India: Survey reveals startling details of the status of women in society.  

Online Link is available here

Infographics 4: by Rukumini Sukumaran: Most rural population now not solely in agriculture: NCAER survey: The Hindu: March 25, 2014.

Online link is available here

Infographics 5:   by Rukumini Sukumaran: More children going to private schools: NCAER: The Hindu: March 31, 2014.

Online link is available here  

Infographics 6: by Rukumini Sukumaran: Steady rise in income but services still inadequate: NCAER: The Hindu: April 3, 2014.

Online link is available here  

Infographics 7: by Rukumini Sukumaran: India by the numbers: Change on the margins: The Hindu: April 3, 2014.

Online link is available here  

Infographics 8: by Rukumini Sukumaran: Middle class better off but, not well off: The Hindu: April 5, 2014.

Online link is available here    

Infographics 9: by Rukumini Sukumaran: Only 40 per cent of middle class has piped water connection: survey: The Hindu: April 5, 2014.

Online link is available here  

Infographics 10: by Amit Thorat: Is Untouchability Still Practiced in India?

Online link is available here

Page 5: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Infographics 11: by Tushar Agrawal: Rising Computer Literacy in a Globalising India

Online link is available here

Infographics 12: by P.K. Ghosh: Public Distribution System Plays an Increasing Role in Household Food Consumption

Online link is available here

Infographics 13: India’s Sanitation Needs: The New York Times: September 04, 2014.

Online Link is available here

Infographics 14: by Rukumini Sukumaran: Just 5% of Indian Marriages are Inter-Caste: Survey: The Hindu: November 13, 2014.

Online Link is available here Infographics 15: by Rukumini Sukumaran: Arranging a marriage: how India does it: The Hindu: November 19, 2014.

Online Link is available here

Infographics 16: by Seema Chishti: Biggest Caste Survey: One in Four Indians Admit to Practising Untouchability: The Indian Express: November 29, 2014.

Online Link is available here

Infographics 17: by Team of Amar Ujala: ���� ��� ������: ���� ������� ���� ���

�� ������ : amarujala.com: November 29, 2014.

Online Link is available here

Infographics 18: by Anahita Mukherji: Prejudice, Even in Pardes: The Times of India: November 30, 2014.

Online Link is available here

Infographics 19: by Rukumini Sukumaran: Limiting MGNREGS to Poorest Districts will not Help, Find Survey: The Hindu: December 08, 2014.

Online Link is available here

Infographics 20: by Praful Bidwai: The curse of caste: The News International: December 14, 2014.

Online Link is available here.

Infographics 21: by Praful Bidwai: Untouchability Thrives In India: Kashmir Times: December 15, 2014.

Online Link is available here.

Infographics 22 by Rukumini Sukumaran: Rape, Rhetoric and Reality: The Hindu: December 19, 2014.

Online Link is available here

Page 6: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Infographics 23 by Rukumini Sukumaran: Economists Dispute Govt. Claims on PDS Leakage: The Hindu: February 04, 2015.

Online Link is available here.

Infographics 24 by Sonalde Desai: IHDS Research Brief “More People Rely on the PDS than Ever Before”

Online Link is available here.

Infographics 25 by Rukumini Sukumaran: Just How Leaky is the PDS?: The Hindu: February 05, 2015.

Online Link is available here.

Infographics 26 by Jean Dreze and Reetika Khera: Understanding Leakages in the Public Distribution System: Economic & Political Weekly: February 14, 2015.

Online Link is available here.

Infographics 27 by Sayantan Bera: Did FCI Panel Inflate Leakage Figures to Bolster Case for Cash Transfers?: Live Mint: February 06, 2015.

Online Link is available here.

Infographics 28 by Rukumini Sukumaran: The Elusive quest for Freedom: The Hindu: March 08, 2015.

Online Link is available here.

Page 7: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Global  Dissemination        1.  Visit  to  College  of  Population  Studies,    Chulalongkorn  University,    Bangkok,  Thailand.  Meeting  with  Deputy  Dean,  Prof.  Viraporn  and  Deputy  Dean  Prof.  Pataporn  as  well  as  Ms.  Chanetti.  Discussion  about  feasibility  of  conducting  longitudinal  studies  in  developing  countries  and  sharing  the  IHDS  experience.    2  March,  2015.      2.  Presentation  to  The  Kolkata  Group  consisting  of  eminent  members  of  civil  society  and  academics  from  India  and  abroad  on  rethinking  social  safety  nets.    6  February,  2015.    3.  Presentation  at  international  seminar  on  Labour and Employment Issues in the Context of Emerging Rural-Urban Continuum: with a Focus on Comparison between India and China. 12-14 March, 2015.  

Submitted  By  Sonalde  Desai  For  Research  project  on  

 HUMAN  DEVELOPMENT  AND  PUBLIC  POLICY  IN  INDIA  

funded  by  the  UK  government  as  part  of  its  Knowledge  Partnership  Programme  (KPP)  

.

Page 8: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Our College Please choose your language English or Thai

Our CollegeHistory and SettingObjectives, Vision and MissionOrganization ChartSecretariate OfficeResearch DivisionAcademic DivisionAcademic Service DivisionPopulation Information CenterCPS Staff

History and Setting

The College of Population Studies was established in early 1966 as an autonomous research andtraining unit of Chulalongkorn University. It was then called the Population Research and TrainingCenter up to 1970, when the name was changed to the Institute of Population Studies (IPS) by a royalDecree to confer a higher status. In order to serve the rapid changes in socio-economic anddemographic trends in both research and training aspects, the Institute was once again upgraded instatus by a Royal Decree to become "the College of Population Studies" in November 1998.

Page 10: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

CHALLENGES OF TRANSITION Sonalde Desai

Page 11: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Economic growth sits uneasily on our shoulders ¨  Either we revel in growth and shrug off the

need for social protection policies ¨  Or we deny growth (or pervasiveness of

growth) and focus on doing more of the same ¨  But what if economic growth and associated

social transformation changes the fundamental nature of social vulnerability?

Page 12: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

The Great Indian Poverty Debate

From the Left: Poverty is

Undercounted

From the Right:

Economic Growth and

Declining Poverty

¨  But little attention to changing nature of poverty

¨  Our safety nets for the poor were designed when 50% of the population was poor

¨  Do they need to change when 24% of the population is poor?

Page 13: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Accident of birth: Chronic poverty Vs.

Accident of life: Transient poverty

Changing Nature of Poverty in India

Page 14: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Should our approach to social safety nets change as poverty declines?

With declining poverty, many households move out of poverty.

But formerly non poor households also become poor.

Poverty Status 204-5

Poverty Status in 2011-12

Non-poor Poor Non-poor 52% 9% Poor 25% 14%

Using Tendulkar poverty line and an abbreviated consumption schedule. Note these are not national estimates of poverty rate, only for panel households.

Page 15: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Chronic vs. transient poverty

¨  Focus on chronic poverty assumes that some exogenous characteristics of the household generates poverty ¤ Place of residence ¤ Caste/Tribe/Religion ¤ Access to productive resources like land,

education ¨  With declining poverty, proportion of transient

poverty to chronic poverty rises ¤ Job loss, illness, draught may cause households

into poverty

Page 16: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Over time as transient poverty becomes more important… ¨  We may need a different approach to safety

nets ¤ Insurance ¤ Disaster relief ¤ Income support when some accident befalls

¨  Key message: Vulnerability rather than poverty ¤ In IHDS data nearly 40% of the poor in round 2

were not poor in round 1

Page 17: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

¨  Benefits 2004- 14% & Rs 391 ¨  Benefits 2012 – 36% & Rs. 1256 ¨  PDS users 2004-5 25.2%, subsidy Rs. 59 ¨  PDS 2011-12 51% Rs. 165 ¨  NREGA 17.3%, Rs. 962

Page 18: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Tremendous growth in social programs between 2005 and 2012

14

25

0

36

51

17

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Direct Benefits PDS NREGA

Percent Households Getting Benefits

2004-5 2011-12

391

708

0

1256

1980

962

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Direct Benefits PDS NREGA

Value of Benefits Averaged Over Total

Population (in 2011-12 Rs.)

2004-5 2011-12

Page 19: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

NREGA Participation is concentrated in lowest 3 income quintiles

28

31

27

22

12

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Lowest 2nd Quintile 3rd Quintile 4th Quintile Top

Percent Households Participating in NREGA in 2011-12 by income quintile from

2004-5

Page 20: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

0 0.5

1 1.5

2 2.5

3 3.5

4 4.5

5

PDS Direct Benefits NREGA

2004-5 2011-12

Page 21: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Growth in material possessions and aspirations 2004-5 to 2011-12

Air conditioner

Credit card

Washing machine

Air conditioner/air cooler

Telephone

Sewing machine

Flush toilet

Piped water indoors

Pressure cooker

Any TV

Separate kitchen

Electric fan

Chair/table

Clock/watch

Footwear for everyone

0 1 1 2 3

7 10

13 14

17 20

22 23 24 25

33 38

48 48

52 55

59 59

64 65

72 84 85

93 97

2 6

3 4

7 78

16 23

7 27

20 31

37 56

27 43

48 64

60 60

55 68

72 68

76 83 83

90 98 99

Household Possessions, 2004-05 and 2011-12

2004-05 2011-12 0

20

40

60

80

100

120

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Proportion Enrolled

Rising Enrolment Rates at Ages 15-22

2011-12 2004-5

Page 22: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

S. R. Sankaran Chair (Rural Labour)

National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRD&PR)Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030

International Conference on

Labour and Employment Issues in the Context of Emerging

Rural-Urban Continuum: Dimensions, Processes and Policies

12-14 March, 2015

Programme Schedule

Day 1: March 12, 2015 (Thursday)

Registration : 9.00 to 9.30 AM

Inaugural Session : 9.30 to 11.30 AM

Chairperson: Prof. R. Radhakrishna

Welcome Address: Dr. M. V. Rao, IAS, Director General, NIRD&PR, Hyderabad

About the Conference: Prof. Kailash Sarap

Inaugural Address: Prof. S. R. Hashim

Keynote Address: Prof. Jan Breman

Vote of Thanks: Prof. Kailsh Sarap

Tea Break 11.30 to 11.45 AM

Technical Session I : Labour and Employment Issues in Rural-Urban Continuum

(11.45AM to 1.30 PM) Chairperson: Prof. T.S. Papola

Presentations:

1 Prof. D. Narasimha Reddy - Labour and Employment Issues in the Emerging Rural-Urban Continuum in India: An Overview

2 Prof. Gerry Rodgers and Prof. Jenine Rodgers - The Urban Connection in the Transformation of Rural Bihar

3 Prof. Rizwanul Islam - Structural Transformation and Alternative Pathways to the Lewis Turning Point

Discussants: Prof. Alakh N. Sharma and Prof. Kunal Sen

Rapporteurs: Dr. Sujit Mishra and Dr. P. P. Sahu

Lunch Break : 1.30 to 2.30 PM

Page 23: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Technical Session II : Rural Migrants and Urban Challenges

(2.30 to 5.30 PM) Chairperson: Prof. S. R. Hashim

Keynote Address: Prof. Ravi Srivatsava

Presentations:

1 Dr. Ye Min – The Small Migrant Farmers and Unfriendly Polices of Metropolitan Government in Shanghai

2 Dr. Gao Ming – How do the views of pain and hope shape the continuous migration? Cases in Shanghai

3 Dr. Udai Bhanu Singh – Rural to Urban temporary Migration in Gujarat: Understanding Linkages between Migration and Development

Tea Break : 3.45 to 4.00 PM

4 Prof. J. Jayaranjan – Lives of Migrant Workers in Chennai

5 Dr. Anant Mariganti – The Agrarian Question as the Urban Question

6 Prof. Jan Breman – Circular Migration between the rural hinterland and the Urban fringe, the case of Ahmedabad

Discussants: Prof. Kannan, Dr. Chinmay Tumbe and Dr. G. Vijay

Rapporteurs: Dr. Chirala Shankar Rao and Dr. Sanjit Rout

Day 2: March 13, 2015 (Friday)

Technical Session III : Rural Conditions that Propel Mobility to Urban Areas

(9.15 AM to 1.30 PM) Chairperson: Prof. K. P. Kannan

Presentations:

1 Prof. Cao Jinqing – Chinese land institutions: migrant workers and urbanization

2 Prof. Sonalde Desai – Rural to Urban Migration: The Role of Push and Pull Factors

3 Prof. R. P. Mamgain and Prof. D. Narasimha Reddy – Out-migration from Hill Region of Uttarakhand: Magnitude, Challenges and Policy Issues

4 Dr. Vijay Korra – Impact of Intra-Dynamics of Seasonal Migration on Rural Households: Empirical Evidence from Telangana State

Tea Break : 11.30 to 11.45 AM5 Prof. Keshab Das – Craft Clusters and Work in Rural India

6 Dr. Basant K. Sahu – Migration, Gender and Household Labour Use for Adopting Climatic Stress: a Study of drought affected areas in Odisha

7 Ms. Mitali Gupta – Role of Subcontracting in Structuring Changes in Economic Activity in Rural Areas of India

Discussants: Prof. Jenine Rodgers, and Prof. S. Chandrasekhar

Rapporteurs: Dr. Prajna Mishra and Dr. Soumya Vinayan

Lunch Break : 1.30 to 2.15 P M

Page 24: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Technical Session IV : Rural-Urban Commuting

(2.15 to 3.45 PM) Chairperson: Prof. Alakh N. Sharma

Presentations:

1 Dr. Chinmay Tumbe – Contemporary Migration in India and its Intersection with Rural Labour Markets

2 Prof. Chandrasekhar – Mobility of Workers: Implications for Integration of Rural and Urban Labour Markets

3 Dr. N. Ajith Kumar, Baishali Goswami and Prof. K. K. George - Patterns of Commuting for Work: A Case Study of Kochi City, Kerala

4 Dr. Rathindranath Pramanik – The Nature Of Migration Of Rural Labourers And Their Problems: A Micro Level Study

Discussants: Prof. D. Narasimha Reddy, Prof. Sonalde Desai and Dr. P. P. Sahu

Rapporteurs: Dr. Chirala Shankar Rao

Tea Break : 3.45 to 4.00 PM

Panel Discussion : Challenges in Rural-Urban Continuum

(4.00 to 5.45 PM) Chairperson: Prof. Ashwani Saith

Panelists:

1 Prof. T. Papola

2 Prof. Rizwanul Islam

3 Prof. Alakh N. Sharma

4 Prof. K. P. Kannan

5 Prof. S. Chandrasekhar

6 Prof. D. Narasimha Reddy

Rapporteurs: Dr. Sujit Mishra and Ms. Mithali Gupta

Day 3: March 14, 2015 (Saturday)

Technical Session V : Social and Institutional Dimensions of Rural-Urban Mobility

(9.15 AM to 1.30 PM) Chairperson: Prof. Rizwanul Islam

Presentations:

1 Prof. Sheila Bhalla - The Metamorphosis of India’s Agricultural Policy in the 1990s and its Impact on the Conditions of erstwhile Agricultural Labour Supply to the Non-farm Sector

2 Prof. Judith Heyer - Differential experiences by caste, class and gender of people entering non-agricultural employment in the rural-urban continuum around Tiruppur and Coimbatore

3 Dr. Yuqin HUANG – The Changing Intergenerational Contracts: Gender, Cohorts and Elderly Care Arrangements in a Central Chinese Village, 2005-2013

4 Dr. A. Amarender Reddy – Changes in Farm Size, Income and Employment in Paddy Cultivation in the past Decade

Page 25: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Tea Break : 11.00 to 11.15 PM

5 Prof. Kunal Sen - Declining female labour force participation in rural India

6 Dr. Tathagata Sengupta and Dr. G. Vijay – The De-institutionalizing Labour Relations of Accumulation through Disuse: The Case of Brick Kiln Industry in Telangana

7 Dr. P. P. Sahu – Expanding Livelihood Strategies for Marginalized Communities in Rural India: Opportunities and Challenges

8 Prof. A. V. Jose – Factors Underlying the Movement of Real Wages in Rural India

Discussants: Prof. J. Jeyaranjan; Prof. Keshab Das, Prof. R. P. Mamgain

Rapporteurs: Dr. Chirala Sankar Rao and Ms. Mithali Gupta

Lunch Break : 1.15 to 2.00 PM

Valedictory Session : 2.00 to 3.15 PM

Chairperson: Prof. Sheila Bhalla

Valedictory Address: Prof. Ashwani Saith– The Collectivist Foundations Of Market Success: Viewing

Chinese Development from an Indian Perspective

Vote of Thanks: Prof. Kailash Sarap

High Tea : 3.15 PM

Organising Committee

Dr. M. V. Rao, Director General, NIRD&PR – Chairman and Chief Patron.Prof. R. Radhakrishna, Chairman, Advisory Committee, S. R. Sankaran Chair, NIRD&PR.Prof. Kailash Sarap, Professor, S. R. Sankaran Chair, NIRD&PR – Convener and Secretary.Prof. C. S. Singhal, Professor and Head, CWDGS, NIRD&PR.Prof. Suman Chandra, Professor and Head, CAS&DM, NIRD&PR.Prof. D. Narasimha Reddy, ICSSR National Fellow, CSD, Hyderabad.

Co-ordinators

Prof. Kailash Sarap, Professor, S. R. Sankaran Chair, NIRD&PR, Hyderabad.Prof. Suman Chandra, Professor and Head, CAS&DM, NIRD&PR.M. Venkatanarayana, Research Officer, S. R. Sankaran Chair, NIRD&PR, Hyderabad.

Phone: 040 - 24008516 / 24008408Mobiles: 9441422163 / 7032774711e-mail: [email protected]

Page 26: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

S. R. Sankaran Chair (Rural Labour)

National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRD&PR)Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030

International Conference on

Labour and Employment Issues in the Context of Emerging Rural-Urban Continuum: Dimensions, Processes and Policies

12-14 March, 2015

List of Key Resource Persons1 Prof. Cao Jinqing Faculty, Department of Sociology, East China University of Science and

Technology, Shanghai, China.

2 Dr. Yuqin Huang Faculty, Department of Sociology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.

3 Dr. Ye Min Faculty, Department of Humanities, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.

4 Dr. Gao Ming Lecturer, Department of Cultural Studies, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.

5 Prof. Jan Breman Honorary Fellow, International Institute of Social Science (ISS), The Hague.

6 Prof. Rizwanul Islam Former Special Adviser, Employment Sector, International Labour Organisation (ILO), Geneva.

7 Prof. Aswani Saith Professor, International Institute of Social Science (ISS), The Hague.

8 Prof. Kunal Sen Professor, University of Manchester, Manchester.

9 Prof. Jenine Rodgers Visiting Professor, Institute for Human Development (IHD), New Delhi.

10 Prof. Gerry Rodgers Former Director, International Institute for Labour Studies (IILS), International Labour Organisation (ILO), Geneva. Currently Visiting Professor, Institute for Human Development, New Delhi.

11 Prof. Judith Heyer Emeritus Professor, Oxford University, London.

12 Prof. T. Papola Professor, Institute of Studies on Industrial Development (ISID), New Delhi.

13 Prof. R. Radhakrishna Chairman, Advisory Committee, S. R. Sankaran Chair, NIRD&PR and Chairman, Centre for Economic and Social Studies (CESS), Hyderabad.

14 Prof. Ravi Srivastava Professor, CSRD, Jawarlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

15 Prof. K. P. Kannan Chairman, Laurie Baker Centre for Habitat Studies, Thiruvananthapuram.

16 Prof. Alak N. Sharma Director, Institute of Human Development (IHD), New Delhi

17 Prof. Sheila Bhalla Emeritus Professor, CESP, Jawarlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

18 Prof. S. R. Hashim Chairman, Indian Association of Social Science Institutions, New Delhi; Former Chairman, UPSC, New Delhi.

19 Prof. D. Narasimha Reddy

ICSSR National Fellow, Council for Social Development (CSD), Hyderabad.

20 Prof. Indira Hirway Director, Institute of Alternative Development (IAD), Ahmadabad.

21 Prof. J. Jeyaranjan Director, Institute of Development Alternatives (IDA), Chennai.

22 Prof. R. P. Mumgain Professor, Giri Institute of Labour Studies, Lucknow.

23 Prof. Sonalde Desai Professor, University of Maryland and National Council for Applied Economic Research (NCAER), New Delhi.

Page 27: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

-END-

24 Prof. Keshab Das Professor, Gujarat Institute of Development Research (GIDR), Ahmadabad.

25 Prof. S. Chandrasekhar Professor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR), Mumbai.

26 Prof. A. V. Jose Honorary Professor, Centre for Development Studies (CDS), Thiruvananthapuram.

27 Prof. R. S. Deshpande Former Director, Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC), Banglore.

28 Prof. Sivarama Krishna Rao

Professor (Retd), Department of Economics, Kakatiya University, Warangal.

29 Prof. S. Galab Director, Centre for Economic and Social Studies (CESS), Hyderabad.

30 Prof. R. Vijay Professor, School of Economics, University of Hyderabad (UOH), Hyderabad.

29 Dr. Basant K. Sahu Associate Professor, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT), New Delhi.

30 Dr. Partha P. Sahu Assistant Professor, Institute for Studies in Industrial Development (ISID), New Delhi.

31 Dr. A. Amarender Reddy

Principal Scientist, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi.

32 Dr. Ajith kumar Director, Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), Kochi.

33 Dr. Rathindranath Pramanik

Associate Professor (Economics), Palli Charcha Kendra, Department of Social Studies and Rural Development, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan.

34 Dr. G. Vijay Associate Professor, School of Economics, University of Hyderabad (UOH).

35 Dr. Chinmay Tumbe Assistant Professor, Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), Hyderabad.

36 Dr. Vijay Korra Assistant Professor, Centre for Economic and Social Studies (CESS), Hyderabad.

37 Dr. Anant Mariganti Hyderabad Urban Labs, Hyderabad.

38 Dr. Udai Bhanu Singh Assistant Professor, Amity Business School, Amity University, Jaipur, Rajasthan.

38 Ms. Mitali Gupta Research Scholar, Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.

Page 28: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

A TALE OF TWO MIGRATIONS: A CONTESTED TERRAIN Sonalde Desai

Page 29: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Migrant workers living under a polythene shelter Dousa, Rajasthan

Page 30: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

But history of India is rife migration in search of a better life

Can you identify this family? Photograph taken at the turn of 20th Century

Page 31: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Yesterday’s presentations by Profs. Hashim & Breman aptly sum up diverging view points..

¨  Are migrants advantaged or disadvantaged sections of the rural society?

We can always engage in our usual trick and claim.. ¨  India is diverse ¨  Both X and anti-X are true at the same time ¨  But I think we would do ourselves a

tremendous disservice if we gloss over the difference in these two perspectives

Page 32: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

The problem is complicated by lack of data …. ¨  NSS based studies show that migrants are:

¤ More educated ¤ Upper caste ¤ Possibly earn more in cities than the city born (??)

¨  Many (but not all) micro studies of distress migration suggest that pauperization leads to migration with migrants: ¤ Working in informal sector ¤ Less educated ¤ Come from marginalised sections

Page 33: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Key to this disjunction may lie in the disjunction between two migrations….

Long term-migration – a mobility strategy

Short term/circular migration – a survival strategy

Page 34: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

India Human Development Survey (IHDS) ¨  Collaborative project between National

Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) and University of Maryland

¨  Survey in 2004-5 and another survey in 2011-12

¨  Multi-topic survey of health, education, income, employment etc.

Page 35: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

IHDS-I (2004-5) Sample 33 States and UT

1503 villages and 971 urban blocks

41,554 households

215,754 individuals 33,483 ever

married women 15-49

12,905 kids age

8-11

1423

Village

Schedules

Page 36: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

In 2011-12….. ¨  Interviewers were given lists of individuals who were in the household in

2004-5 ¨  For each individual they asked where he/she is, when migrated/died,

location etc. ¨  When the whole household migrated attempt made to get proxy

information ¨  This will include a migration of 6 months and above where individuals has

still not returned (long term migration) ¨  We also asked whether any household member has gone out to work for at

least 1 month and returned to the household (return or circular migration) ¨  We were able to reinterview at least one member of the household for 90%

of the households and to get proxy information for some of the households’ whereabouts from neighbours.

¨  Missing information on about 5% of the initial respondents. Sensitivity analyses show that omitting them the final analyses do not seriously change conclusions.

¨  NOTE I ONLY REPORT RURAL RESULTS IN THIS PAPER

Page 37: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Migration status of the round 1 household members at round 2 interview (excluding dead/lost)

All Males All Females

Non-Migrant

80%

Long-Term Migrant

20%

Return Migrant

0%

Non-Migrant,

81.41

Long-Term

Migrant, 14.58

Return Migrant,

4.01

Page 38: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Note higher rates of out-migration than shown in NSS

Problem with NSS questions is that there is no reference period and fuzzy definition of household when it comes to migration questions

NSS – over the life cycle of the household

IHDS – since round 1 interview (7 years)

Male out-migration 9% 15% Female out-migration

17% 20%

Male circular migration

3% 4%

Female circular migration

< 1% <1%

Page 39: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Sample restricted to men ages 16-40 at the time of the round 1 interview

¨  Prime age for male migration ¨  After age 15 most of the male migration is for

work ¨  Women also migrate for work, you can see

some of the figures in the paper but at different ages. This paper restricted to men for simplicity.

¨  Among rural men ages 16-40, IHDS shows: ¤ 17% long-term migration ¤ 7% circular migration (85% <= 12 months in last 5

years, 15% longer)

Page 40: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Where do male migrants go?

¨  Long term migration ¤ 13% to another village ¤ 63% to a town ¤ 24% location unknown (problems with proxy

information !) ¨  Circular migration

¤ 33% to another village ¤ 67% to a town

Page 41: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Drivers of long-term and circular migration are quite different ¨  Educated, upper caste, higher income men

engage in long-term migration ¨  Uneducated, dalit/adivasi, lower income men

engage in circular migration

Page 42: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Are people from poor areas more likely to migrate? ¨  No for long-term migration

¤ Top 4 sending states are Bihar, Himachal, Uttarkhand, Kerala

¨  Yes for circular migration ¤ Top 4 sending states are Bihar, MP, Chhatisgarh,

Rajasthan

Page 43: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Village unskilled wage rate for men in round 1 and migration Long-Term Migration Circular Migration

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

300

No

Wor

k M

issi

ng In

f.

Per

cent

2004-5 Rs. Per day

Unskilled

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

300

No

Wor

k M

issi

ng In

f.

Per

cent

2004-5 Rs. Per day

Unskilled

Page 44: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Are poor people more likely to migrate? ¨  No for long-term migration

¤ The higher the income of the household (before migration), the greater the probability of long term migration

¨  Yes for circular migration ¤ The higher the income, the lower the probability

of circular migration

Page 45: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Net migration is not hugely related to income but this masks two divergent trends

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Poorest 2nd Quintile 3rd Quintile 4th Quintile Richest

Per

cent

Non Migrant

Long-Term Migrant

Circular Migrant

Page 46: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Individual  charateris0cs   Long  Term  Migrant   Return  Migrant  Educa0on  in  2004-­‐5  

No  educa)on   12.93   11.5  1-­‐4  std   13.67   10.53  5-­‐9  std   16.46   6.56  10-­‐11  std   19.23   4.62  Class  12  &  some  college   24.05   3.2  College  graduate   21.88   2.32  Missing  data  on  educaiton   20.44   5.12  

Per  capita  household  income  quin0le  in  2004-­‐5  Lowest  quin)le   14.68   9.25  2nd  quin)le   16.74   10.05  3rd  quin)le   16.54   7.82  4th  quin)le   16.88   5.99  Highest  quin)le   19.4   3.26  

Social  group  Forward  High  castes   19.29   3.37  OBC   17.83   6.63  Dalit   15.76   9.91  Adivasi   11.99   10.42  Muslim   16.37   6.45  Chris)an,  Sikh,  Jain   21.29   0.99  

Page 47: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

Results from multinomial logits confirm most of the descriptive results but show that…

¨  Long-term migration is dominated by the need of jobs for educated men; a large part of caste and income effect disappears when we control for education

Page 48: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

How can we expect MGNREGA to transform labour migration? ¨  There should be NO effect on long-term

migration since local area wages for unskilled workers do not affect it

¨  It will reduce circular migration by raising wages – but for this we still need to conclusively establish the relationship between MGNREGA and local wages

Page 49: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

What deters migration?

¨  Long term migration: ¤ Availability of transportation that allows workers

to work in nearby towns and return home. Commuter migration vs. long-term/circular migration

¨  Short term migration: ¤ Increased wage labour opportunities and wages in

the village

Page 50: List of Newspaper Articles Deliverable No.: Y2Q3

But long-term migration is like a fissure… ¨  Once a trickle begins it will turn to river ¨  Households receiving remittances in round 1

have at least one successful migrant ¤ These households experience more long-term

migration. Uncle settles into the city and calls his nephew.