THREE PERIODS IN THE LITERARY

HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Pre – ColonialismColonialism

Post - Colonialism

Pre - ColonialismThe early literary forms of the

Philippines were epics, legends, riddles and proverbs which were told and retold by the natives.

The literature of the pre – colonial Filipinos bore the marks of the community.

Filipinos managed to preserved laws, legends, songs and epics by inscribing them on barks of trees, palm leaves and bamboos.

Some of the literary forms have managed to survived war and tropical disasters because they retained in the common minds and were later reduced to permanent forms.

LITERARY FORMS

RIDDLE (bugtong) EPIGRAMS / MAXIMS / PROVERBS (SALAWIKAIN & SAWIKAIN)

Ex of salawikainAng matapat na kaibigan, tunay na

maaasahan. - - -You will know a true friend in time of need.

Ex of Sawikainkumukulo ang dugo

"blood is boiling" = is very angryisulat sa tubig

"write on water" = forget about it

Ex of MaximsPag hindi ukol,

Hindi bubukol. -meansWhat is not intended for one will not bear fruit.

CHANTS (BULONG)used in witchcraft

and/or enchantment Tanaga

a quatrain expressing insights and lessons in life

Ex. “Tahak ng tingin, tulak ng sulyap, yakap, lapat

ng titig sa balikat. hatak pa, kindat, hakat”

traditional poetry of the Hanunoo Mangyans of Oriental Mindoro which is normally inscribed on bamboo using a pre-Colonial syllabic writing system called the Surat Mangyan .

usually chantedteaches lessons about liferecited by parents to educate their children, by the youth to express their love, by the old to impart experiences, or by the community in tribal ceremonies

Ambahan

on some occasions like burial rites, the ambahan is used for entertainment

Sugot nga maaw kunmanTangdayan no ma-ambanSabungan no manuywan Impad las yami daywan

Hanggan buhok timbangan

Hanggan sa balod pangdan

Bugkat di way yamungan Bilang dayi bunlagan

No kang tinaginduman Kang magpahalimbaw-an

Ga bugtong ti bilugan

Explain how the world was created, how animals possess certain characteristics, why some places have volcanoes, mountains etc.Story of BathalaThe Legend of Maria Makiling

Myths and Legends

Presence of different deitiesEx. Bathala

LakambakodMythical creatures

AswangDilaDiwataDwendeTikbalangMankukulam

Ifugao – Hudhud hi AliguyonIlocos – Biag ni Lam-angBicol - IbalonMindanao – DaranganPanay – HinilawodBagobo - TuwaangKalinga – UlaliimManobo – Agyu or OlahingSubanon - Sandayo

Ancient Metrical Tales

Aliguyonthe exploits of Aliguyon as he battles his

arch-enemy, PambukhayonBiag ni Lam-Ang

tells of the adventures of Lam-Ang who exhibits extraordinary powers at a very early age.

Ibalonthe story of three Bicol heroes: Baltog,

Handiong, BantiongHinilawod

oldest and longest epic poem in Panaythe exploits of three Sulodnon demigod

brothers, LabawDonggon, Humadapnon and Dumalapdap of ancient Panay

Ancient Metrical Tales

a form of folk lyric which expresses the people’s hopes, aspirations, and lifestyles

traditional songs and melodiesinspired by the reaction of the people to

their environment

Folk Songs

uyayi – lullabykomintang – war songkundiman – melancholic love songharana – serenadeTagay (Cebuano/Waray) – drinking songmambayu – Kalinga rice-pounding songsubli – dance-ritual song of

courtship /marriageKanogan (Cebuano) – song of

lamentation for the dead.

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

DURING SPANISH COLONIZATION

A. Spanish ReligiousWorks

B. FormativeLanguage

C. Nationalist Stage

Philippine Literature During American

Regime