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Literary Terms
Every good student of English and Literature should know these!
A situa:on in which the reader knows something that the
characters in the story do not 1. Metaphor 2. Hyperbole 3. Drama:c irony
4. Situa:onal irony
A statement that is seemingly contrary to common sense yet is, in fact, true
(Ex. Beauty is a curse.)
1. Hyperbole 2. Syntax 3. Paradox 4. Repe::on
Implied comparison between two things; does NOT use “like” or “as”
1. Simile 2. Metaphor
3. Personifica:on 4. Hyperbole
Repea:ng of phrases or sentences that are similar in structure (Ex: of the people, by the people, and for the
people) 1. Parallelism 2. Onomatopoeia
3. Rhetorical Ques:on 4. Hyperbole
Exaggera:on for emphasis or effect (ex: I’m so hungry I could eat my hand) 1. Metaphor 2. Paradox 3. Onomatopoeia
4. Hyperbole
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“The sun kissed my face when I went outside” is an example of…
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1. Metaphor 2. Personifica:on 3. Onomatopoeia
4. Hyperbole
Repe::on of ini:al consonant sounds beginning several words in a sequence (Ex: “Steeds in the stalls stamp and
neigh”
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1. Allitera:on 2. Assonance 3. Repe::on 4. Irony
A reference to another text (it can be biblical, historical, mythological, etc.)
(Ex. In THE GREAT GATSBY, he is referred to once as the “Son of God” who “must be about his Father’s
business.)
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1. Repe::on 2. Hyperbole 3. Allusion 4. Irony
Words that imitate the sound they make, like “buzz,” “bang,” “snarl”
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1. Euphemism 2. Oxymoron
3. Onomatopoeia
4. Parallelism
“Miniver thought and thought and thought and thought about it”
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1. Hyperbole 2. Parallelism
3. Euphemism
4. Repe::on
A few words you might not know…
• Assonance: repe::on of vowel sounds without the repe::on of consonants
• Example: “the molten, golden notes” and “silent night”
Another one…
• Euphemism: when a more acceptable/appropriate term is used in place of a term that might be considered harsh or unpleasant
• Example: “Gatsby and Daisy got to know each other very well, if you know what I mean.”
OR “He passed away.”
One more…
• Synecdoche: a figure of speech in which a part is used for a whole
• “He asked for her hand in marriage.” (Isn’t he asking for the whole person, not just the hand?)
• “She had too many mouths to feed.” (“Mouths” used for people.)
Point of view that uses “I,” “me,” “we”
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1. First person 2. Second person 3. Third Person Limited
4. Third Person Omniscient
Words or language that appeal to the senses
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1. Personifica:on 2. Hyperbole 3. Imagery
4. Metaphor
When a part is used for the whole (Ex. She has 330 head of cadle)
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1. Euphemism 2. Synecdoche 3. Allitera:on 4. Hyperbole
“Lie by the fire” is an example of
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1. Assonance 2. Allusion 3. Synecdoche 4. Onomatopoeia
Point of view in which story is told by an outsider who knows the characters’
thoughts
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1. First Person 2. Second Person 3. Third Person Limited
4. Third Person Omniscient
“He had to go number one” is an example of…
1. Hyperbole 2. Synecdoche 3. Euphemism
4. Irony
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