live food aquaculture training course concentrated algae formulations paste, dried

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Concentrated Algae formulationsPaste, Dried


Algae paste

Low density rotifer cultureHigh density rotifer cultureGreen water


Algae Paste

Algae Pastes are a super-concentrated liquid microalgae feed for larval fish, shrimp and bivalve shell fish.

Pastes are used to supplement or replace live algae grown on-site at the hatchery.

It is made from microalgae grown intensively in large industrial facilities but concentrated by removing most of the water.

It is not live (reproducing) but will remain in the water column similar to live algae


Advantages

Reduce risks - Use it as a primary feed, or as backup in case of an algae culture crash.

Reduce overhead and production costs - Less electricity, less space, fewer technicians.

Reduce live food production space - live algae systems need a lot of space that could be used for growing your target animals.

Easy to Use liquid concentrate - use only the amount of algae you need at each feeding.

Relatively long Shelf Life - 8 to 12 weeks in the refrigerator (depending on the culture). Nannochloropsis and Tetraselmis can be frozen for long life.


Production method

Algae Paste is a slurry of concentrated micro algae cells. The algae is cultured by the batch system in mono-specific cultures. These batches are continuously monitored for quality control, and when they are in log growth phase and are at their nutritional peak they are concentrated by high volume, continuous flow centrifuges.

This concentrate, or Algae Paste then has a food grade preservative added to it that provide a relatively long shelf-life.


Large scale production - tanks


Large scale production - ponds


Large scale production - bioreactors


Centifuge

Cream skimmers, centrifuges, etc


Species available

Species Name Type Size Fish

Nannochloropsis GreenAlgae

Length 1-3width 1-3

Rotifers,Copepods,

Brine Shrimp,Greenwater

Tetraselmis GreenFlagellate

8-16Rotifers,

Copepods,Brine Shrimp

Isochrysis(T-ISO)

Golden/Brown

Flagellatelength 5-6

Rotifers,Copepods,

Brine Shrimp

* Note: Cell sizes and counts will vary up to 20% depending on the timeof the year and growing temperature. However the biomass (dry weight)

will always remain the same.


Characteristics

Species Cell Count* Live AlgaeEquivalent

Size Dry

WeightShelf Life

Nannochloropsis ~68 billion / ml3600 liters

@ 12 milloncells / ml

2-4 18.4 %8-12 weeks

1 year frozen

Tetraselmis~ 1.5 billion /

ml

3600 liters@ 410 thousand

cells / ml8-16 18.9%

8-12 weeks1 year frozen

Isochrysis~ 3.1 billion /

ml

1200 liters@ 2.6 millon

cells / ml5-6 6%

8-10 weeksRefrigerate

Only

Pavlova(December2001)


Nutritional characteristics Nannochloropsis Tetraselmis Isochrysis

Premium18.4%

Premium18.9%

Premium6%

Dry WeightCryoPaste

20%CryoPaste

21%CryoPaste

16.5%

Caloriesfrom 100 ml

48.4 48.2 45.5

Vitamin C(Ascorbic Acid)

0.85% 0.25% 0.4%

Chlorophyl A 0.89% 1.42% 0.98%

Protein 52.11 % 54.66 % 46.69 %

Carbohydrate 12.32 % 18.31 % 24.15 %

Lipid 27.64 % 14.27 % 17.07 %


HUFA Characteristics

Nannochloropsis Tetraselmis Isochrysis

EPA (20:5n3)% of Lipid

37% 9.3% 2.5%

DHA (22:6n3)% of Lipid

0 0 10.2%

ARA (18:2n-6)% of Lipid

5.26% 0.40% 0.52%


Microalgae Ice Cubes

Algae paste can be frozen into small ice cubes creating a pre-measured quantity of algae extends the shelf life of the algae.

When frozen, break the cubes out of the trays and store them in a plastic bag in the freezer. The cubes can be added directly to the tank or dissolved in a jar with water from the tank and then added to the tank.


Gravity Flow Method (Simple and inexpensive)

Hang the bucket slightly above tank Use a thin plastic tube to siphon the algae

from the bucket into the tank

Use a clip to regulate the flow of algae so it will run for a full day at a constant drip

In warm environments add a frozen "gel ice" to the bucket to keep the algae concentrate cool


Metering Pump (Better control)

Use an inexpensive metering or dosing pump ($150-200) to maintain constant flow rate

The bucket can be placed in a refrigerator or can be a purpose made refrigerated tank located anywhere in the hatchery and can feed chosen tanks at the same time


Spray-dried Schizochytrium sp.AlgaMac-2000

spray-dried heterotrophic strain of microalgae, Schizochytrium sp., rich in both n-3 and n-6 long chain fatty acids

Schizochytrium sp. (American Type Culture Collection 20888) biomass was produced in a 400-L fermenter

At the end of the fermentation, the cells were concentrated by centrifugation, spray-dried, and vacuum sealed in foil packets.


Heterotrophic Production

Species of heterotrophic microalgae that could be grown in conventional fermentation systems might be produced at a much lower cost than microalgae produced in outdoor ponds.

Production controls inherent in fermentation systems have the potential to facilitate production of heterotrophic algae with an improved and more consistent biochemical quality.


Algamac Products

Previous attempts have been made to utilize spray-dried heterotrophic microalgae as aquaculture feeds.

The strains chosen, however, were selected primarily for their heterotrophic mass production attributes, with only a secondary concern for their nutritional profile, especially in terms of their n-3 and n-6 HUFAs.

As a result, they generally performed poorly as feed for larval marine organisms


Physical characteristicsParticle size analysis indicated a range from 3-

18 um with an average particle size of 7.5 um

Suspension in water

Approximately 50% of the cells remained suspended after 6 h of static conditions (no mixing or aeration) in all three treatments


Proximate analysis and fatty acid profile

Proximate (% dry weight)Moisture 3%Fat 32%Protein 39%Carbohydrate 13%Ash 12%

Fatty AcidProfile

% of total fattyacids)

20:5 (n-3) (EPA) 0.622:5 (n-6) (DPA) 12.922:6 (n-3) (DHA) 24.0


Rotifer enrichment Rotifers fed Schizochytrium sp. for only 8 h had DHA,

EPA, and arachidonic acid contents of 18.3%, 0.3% and 1.4% of total fatty acids

Rotifers fed Schizochytrium sp. for 24 h have DHA, EPA, and arachidonic acid contents 17.7%, 5.7% and 6.5% of total fatty acids respectively.

Rotifers fed Schizochytrium sp. for 24 h do not exhibit further increased concentrations of DHA in their fatty acids but do exhibit increased EPA, and arachidonic acid concentrations


Artemia enrichment

Nauplii enriched with Schizochytrium sp. for 24 h had an EPA content of 0.4% of dry weight and a DHA content of 0.1%.

The highest enrichment level occurred at 400 mg/mL of Schizochytrium. The EPA content in the nauplii was 0.5% of dry weight and the DHA content was 0.8%.

live food aquaculture training course concentrated algae formulations paste, dried

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