lives baseline study report for gamogofa and sidama zone in snnprs by kettema yilma and yisak baredo
TRANSCRIPT
Lives baseline study report for Gamogofa and Sidama Zone in SNNPRS
By Kettema Yilma and Yisak Baredo
I. Sidama and Gamogofa Zones cluster districts number of kebeles for livestock commodities
Districts Dairy Small ruminant
Poultry
1 Arbegona 11 8 6
2 Bensa 11 7 12
3 Bona ZuriAa 13 12 12
Total 35 27 30
Districts Beef Small ruminant
Poultry
1 Mirab Abaya 9 12 15
2 Arbaminch zuria 13 9 13
3 Bonke 10 12 14
Total 32 33 42
II. Dairy production current situation
Production Technology:•Mainly the butter system in rural and around urban areas liquid milk system •Local cows: under lactation for 248 days with 1-1.9 lt milk/day•Cross animals lactate for 248 days with 6.1 lt/day•Poor feed, health services other inputs and marketing
Input and services
•Collective action to access to feed and other inputs by linking with feed producers, drug suppliers•Initiating Pvt. Sector participation•Involving cooperatives to supply inputs•Mass insemination and private/collective bull services
Marketing
•Women groups/clusters bulk and process
milk
•Organize women groups to bulk up
products , link them with traders,
cooperative for market outlets
•Women groups to access milk processing
technology or involve local cooperatives
Opportunities
•Highly motivated and receptive
farmers
•Indigenous knowledge and culture
of milk and by-product production
•Highly self reliant population
•Ideal environment, high
population of animals and
•Well organized extension services
Challenges
•Production system is subsistence oriented
•Very high population of unproductive animals
•Improving communal grazing lands
•Cooperatives lack of interest
•Access to capital/ finance/fund to involve pvt.
Sector and women groups
•Extension service lack of operational cost and
other priorities
Beef production in Gamogofa
Beef production: Traditional
Bulls of age 3 year and above
Oxen after few months of feeding
Feeding is not based on short term finishing
Very little or no additional feeding of concentrate
Production interventionIntroducing better management in feeding, housing and health care for local breed
Introducing concentrate or other protein source to accelerate fattening period
Crossing the local with Boran breed and production of dairy beef Integrate fodder production in water shade management
Promoting feed preserving and storing techniques on crop residue and grass
Continued…
• Introduce Leguminous forage and fodder production
• improving communal grazing plots and closure areas with the introduction of better yielding grass species
• introducing rotational grazing and cut and carry system should also be focus area for on-farm fodder production
Input service
• Initiate private sector involvement in delivery of input services.
• Specialize some farmers in fodder production for sale
• Avail mass insemination services
• Train and field CAHW to handle AI and health services
• Privatization of Viet service and AI is most important for better
result in livestock improvement
Marketing: area of intervention
• Collective marketing for better price bargaining
• Staggered fattening so to balance in supply and demand
• Improve meat sanitation at all levels of butcheries and
slaughtering house through training and fielding of sanitation
workers
• Training should also be rendered to butcher houses in meat
handling and selling house sanitation.
• Market information sharing mechanism using different methods
• Initiating linkages with national and international markets
Linkage intervention
• Initiating and facilitating platform for discussion among actors to
design common goal and strategy to achieve common goal in beef
production, marketing, processing, inputs supply, etc
• Developing linkage with regional animal feed processors
cooperatives and also private feed processors
• Developing linkages with livestock market information for timely
market information
Challenges
• Changing the traditional fattening to commercial oriented production
• Very high population of unproductive animals
• Improving communal grazing lands
• Cooperatives lack of interest
• Access to capital/ finance/fund to involve large population and the
private sector
• Extension service lack of logistics & operational cost for wider reach.
Small ruminants
Current situation:
•means of asset building, insurance and quick cash generation at
times of need.
•Sheep is very important in the highlands in areas that have
considerable amount of grazing land
•Goat predominates in the dry Kola of Gamogofa and “wet Kola”
of Sidama with plenty of browse as source of feed.
•Generally SR are kept in traditional management (breeding,
feeding, housing and care)
Production intervention
•Initiate market oriented small ruminant production
• Access and deliver knowledge to farmers
•Initiate Community based selection and ram/buck
exchange
•Introduce selected indigenous sheep and goats
rams/bucks for breeding
•Introducing standard housing practice for sheep and goats
•Introducing Community Based Livestock insurance to
minimize accidental death of accidental death/loss
Input supply system
Currently: no input supply system for feed, drugs and breeding stockPossible interventions:
Promote collective action of farmers in fattening to purchase
and distribute feed (linking with feed suppliers),
Facilitate the private sector to be involved input supply business
(mainly concentrate feed and industrial by-products)
Involve cooperative the input supply business
Farmers supply green/dry fodder suppliers (mainly herbaceous
legumes) using irrigation sites(study feasibility)
Specialize some farmers as suppliers of lambs/kids to finishers
Input system continued
Fodder and forage production on farmers plot /seed
production/upgrade grazing areas
Decentralized veterinary services through the use of
CAHW/paravets as well as community organized health
services
Private vet drug and service providers
Access to veterinary tool kits for field services
Facilitate loan from MFI
Organize community base insurance scheme or make
sure that the loan includes insurance policy
SR Marketing
Market constraints •Farmers target holiday markets •Supply is not constant •animals offered in the market are not uniform to attract big buyers.
Market intervention
Create awareness among farmers the benefit of collective marketing
Organize collective marketing groups Village groups,
Help farmers target marketing and short cycle fattening
Develop fattening calendar for continuous supply
Link farmers to buyers on contractual bases
Opportunities
Traditional knowledge and culture of keeping small
ruminant
Suitable natural environment
Large number of sheep and goats (diversity?)
Traditional market places and routes
Sheep and goats meat highly appreciated
Supportive government policy and extension system
Challenges
SR are kept as means of asset building, cash generation
for immediate use and insurance
Indiscriminate breeding and negative selection
Communal grazing (increase overgrazing)
Cooperating farmers for market
Access to fund for innovation both for farmers and private
sector
Extension service suffer from shortage of operational fund,
logistics
Poultry production
Production
Indigenous chickens supply 100% egg and meat supply (60-70
eggs/annum)
Slow growth and low body weight at sell
High mortality of chicks due to predation
High mortality of flocks due to diseases
No apparent extension or research support
Limited introduction of improved exotic breeds
Production interventions
Small scale improved production on mixed farming with
semi scavenging type for rural areas using local or selected
local breeds
Commercialized small scale production with 50-400
chickens in urban and peri-urban areas using exotic
commercial or pure breeds.
Improve access to feed, drugs and vaccines
Input services intervention
Initiate private suppliers of stock (small scale hatcheries)
Link hatcheries with rearing groups
Organize clusters/groups to access feed and drugs
(community action)
Involve cooperatives or private sector in input supply ( to
access feed, drugs and equipments)
Opprtunities
Local chickens show resilience
High demand for eggs and meat
Population of women and youth eager to
inter the business (for improved breeds)
Government support
Farmers appreciate the value of poultry in
their nutrition and market value
Challenges
Supply of breeding and rearing stock
Increasing feed cost
Disease control and insurance
Access to fund to start poultry business
Linkages
• Initiating platform• Linking local venders and suppliers at zonal, regional and federal
agro-dealership network• Linking farmers marketing group with large traders and export
abattoir• Initiating small scale commercial livestock input suppliers and
producers with OMF and others • Strengthening market information access for small holder producers• Strengthening linkage among public sectors actors working for
common goal
