livestock farming in developing countries: an essential resource
DESCRIPTION
Presented by Derek Baker at the 19th World Meat Congress, Paris, France 4-6 June 2012TRANSCRIPT
19th World Meat Congress. Paris, France 4-6 June 2012
Livestock farming in developing
countries: An essential resource
Derek Baker
International Livestock Research Institute
Outline
1. The livestock resource in developing countries
2. Demand and markets for livestock in developing countries
3. Knowledge generation and use : deriving value from the use of the resource
… for “Better Lives Through Livestock”
ILRI
700 staff
100 scientists and
researchers
more than 30 scientific
disciplines
Two large campuses
(Kenya, Ethiopia).
2012 budget USD 60 mill.
ILRI works with a range of
partners.
ILRI
• a member of the CGIAR Consortium which conducts food and
environmental research
to help alleviate poverty and increase food security,
while protecting the natural resource base.
ILRI vision A world made better for poor people in developing countries by
improving agricultural systems in which livestock are important.
Over 600 million of the World’s poor depend on livestock
Thornton et al. 2002
The Livestock Resource in Developing Countries
About 95% of these live in extreme poverty
Some 150 million livestock keepers are landless
Meat, milk eggs, and fish: a reliable source of high-quality, readily-absorbed protein
and micronutrients
Livestock perform multiple functions in developing countries
W. Africa 1966 – pastoral system
W. Africa 2004 – crop-livestock system
The changing nature of livestock systems
Courtesy of B. Gerard
The Livestock Resource in Developing Countries
Mixed systems in
developing countries
produce ca. 50% of the
World’s cereals
The Livestock Resource in Developing Countries
Livestock systems in developing countries: comparison with developed countries
Livestock systems in developing countries: diversity and change
- Pastoral
- Agro-pastoral - Mixed crop-livestock
- Housed animals - Urban and peri-urban
- Intensive monogastric
Livestock systems in developing countries: success or failure?
Smallholder systems are competitive, in many contexts
Informal markets serve the bulk of the world’s poor consumers
Informal markets are significant employers
Livestock systems in developing countries respond to interventions
(technology, policy, organisation)
Developing country Developed country
Scale small / smallholder large
Enterprise form diverse specialised
Objective multiple profits
Market destination local, regional global
Market form informal formal
- Off-farm employment
- Gender impacts
The poor can achieve better lives through livestock
Demand and markets
Based original figure by IFPR/John McDermott 2012.
Demand: increasing
in the developing world
Rosegrant et al. 2009
The 4 billion people living
on less than $10 a day
constitute a food market of
US$ 2.9 trillion per year.
(Hammond et al 2007).
Demand and markets
Based original figure by IFPR/John McDermott 2012.
Demand: the poor are willing to pay for meat products’ quality and safety
Jabbar et al. 2011
Bangladesh: consumers’ weights attached to
quality attributes:
Attribute
Goat
meat Beef Notes
Breed 30% 33% (Local preferred)
Fat cover 27% 27% (Lean preferred)
Sex 26% 22% (Male preferred)
Price 17% 19% (Lower preferred)
Ethiopia: % of consumers WTP a
price premium for beef attributes
Low
income
Middle
income
High
Income
Safety 53% 63% 81%
Good quality 51% 64% 83%
Kenya: WTP for beef attributes
Attribute
Premium
(USD/kg)*
Official inspection stamp 1.42
Cleanness of the meat 1.12
Soft texture 1.00
Low fat cover 0.62
* approx, due to exchange rate change
Better lives through livestock is good business
Deriving Value from the Livestock Resource
Market-driven change
Innovation in low-value livestock products:
Whole-value-chain testing of market-led interventions
• Improved organisation
• Systems adaptation to change
• Identifying key steps/actions
• Capacity-building
• Packaging the means of change
Deriving Value from the Livestock Resource
Environment
Improved feed supplements, and improved animal
production, to lower greenhouse gas emissions
• per animal
• per dollar earned in markets
Pastoral systems
• early warning
• commercial insurance schemes
Deriving Value from the Livestock Resource
Using technology to deliver improved productivity
Animal disease:
• better use of monitoring disease dynamics in
livestock
• Infection-treatment method (ITM) vaccination
against East Coast Fever
Applying knowledge on livestock genetics
• better use of traits (e.g. disease resistance)
• mapping genetic diversity
Improved feeds (e.g. dual purpose crops)
Deriving Value from the Livestock Resource
Improving human health and nutrition
Managing health risks in informal markets
• Evidence on risks, costs
• Incentive-based management of risks
• Policy advice and capacity building
Zoonoses and emerging disease
• Reducing burdens of zoonoses
• Targeting neglected zoonoses (e.g. bovine TB)
• Foresight for emerging disease and its drivers
(e.g. Rift Valley Fever + climate change)
Maximizing nutritional benefits from livestock
• Role of livestock products in diets of poor
• Improving access to nutrition
Knowledge is the key to better lives through livestock
Knowledge is the key to better lives through livestock
The poor can achieve better lives through livestock
Better lives through livestock is good business
Livestock Farming in Developing
Countries: using an essential
resource
