livestock in developing countries: animal health challenges and opportunities
DESCRIPTION
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the General Assembly of the International Federation for Animal Health, Brussels, 25 April 2013TRANSCRIPT
Livestock in developing countries: Animal health challenges and opportunities
General Assembly of the International Federation for Animal Health, Brussels, 25 April 2013Jimmy Smith
OUTLINE
The global challenge for agricultureLivestock dimensionsThe case of animal healthA bit about ILRI
THE GLOBAL CHALLENGE
How the world would feed itself sustainably by the time population stabiles?
60% more food than is produced now75% of this must come from productivity increaseWhile also reducing povertyCoping with the 2 degree temperature scenario --and possibly 4 degrees
OUTLINE
Livestock dimensions of that challenge –but also opportunity
Percentage increase in demandfor livestock products
IFPRI-ILRI IMPACT model results
Far higher growth in demand will occur in developing countries
By 2040, 70% of global beef and milk will be produced in developing countries by smallholders in transition
IFPRI-ILRI IMPACT model results
%
0
5
10
15
20
90 95 2000 2004 2005 2008 2009
Milli
on to
nnes
Beef Pork Poultry Meat Ovine
Trade matters --but local markets matter more
The value of meat trade is estimated over $100 billion in 2011, approximately 10 percent of agricultural trade.
However, trade of meat account for only 10 percent of total livestock consumption
THE GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES
The Livestock DimensionsPromoting growth with equity –small holder participationConnecting small holders to marketsRaising livestock productivityAnimal-human-ecosystems health & food safetyRendering livestock systems more environmentally sustainableAmeliorating the effects of climate change on livestock
Livestock for livelihoods in the developing world
70% of the world’s rural poor rely on livestock for important parts of their livelihoods.
Of the 600 million poor livestock keepers in the world, around two-thirds are rural women.
More than half of livestock products are produced by small holders – and growing
Up to 40% of benefits from livestock keeping come from non-market, intangible benefits, mostly insurance and financing.
Livestock keepers in developing countries
Density of poor livestock keepers
One billion people earning <$2 a day depend on livestock600 million in south Asia300 million in sub Saharan Africa
ILRI, 2012
0 or no data
To eat meat or not to eat . . .
One billion hungry Two billion overweight
Addressing GHG inefficiencies in the developing world is an opportunity
Herrero et al PNAS (forthcoming)
GHG per kg of animal protein produced
A global water crisis
2 billion peoplelack access
Demand is growing; freshwater is getting scarcer
70% of total freshwater use is for agriculture,of which 31%is for livestock
Source: (Steinfeld et al. 2006)
Large productivity gaps between richand poor countries are not closing
Some developing country regions have gaps of up to 430% in milk
OUTLINE
Animal health issues
Costs of emerging zoonotic disease outbreaks(US$ billion)
PeriodCosts (conservative
estimates)Annual
average
6 outbreaks other than SARS -Nipah virus (Malaysia), -West Nile fever (USA), -HPAI (Asia, Europe), -BSE (US), -Rift Valley Fever (Tanzania, Kenya, Somalia)- BSE (UK) costs in 1997-09 only
1998-2009 38.7
SARS 2002-2004 41.5
Total in 12 year period (1998-2009)
80.2 6.7 b
16Source World Bank 2012
Annual losses from selected diseases – Africa and South Asia
Estimates from BMGF
• West USA & west Europe hotspots
• Last decade: S America & SE Asia
1998
2007
Globalization of transboundary disease: Example African swine fever
Threat to $150 billion global pig industry
OUTLINE
A bit about ILRI
CIMMYTMexico CityMexico
IFPRIWash. DCUSA
CIPLimaPeru
CIATCaliColombia
BioversityInternationalRome Italy
AfricaRiceCotonouBenin
IITAIbadanNigeria
ILRINairobiKenya
World AgroforestryNairobiKenya
ICARDAAleppoSyrian Arab Rep. ICRISAT
PatancheruIndia
IWMIColomboSri Lanka
IRRILos BanosPhillippines
World FishPenangMalaysia
CIFORBogorIndonesia
CGIAR Research Centres
ILRI Offices
Mali
Nigeria
Mozambique
Kenya
Ethiopia
India
Sri Lanka
China
Laos
Vietnam
Thailand
Nairobi: HeadquartersAddis Ababa: principal campus In 2012, offices opened in:Kampala, UgandaHarare, ZimbabweGaborone, Botswana
Office in Bamako, Malirelocated toOuagadougou, Burkina FasoDakar, Senegal
ILRI Nairobi campus
A lab in Africa at the foot of Kenya’s Ngong Hills
★
ILRI resources
• Staff: 700
• Budget: $74 million
• 30+ scientific disciplines
• 150 senior scientists from 39 countries
• 56% of internationally recruited
staff are from 22 developing countries
• 34% of internationally recruited staff
are women
• Large campuses in Kenya and Ethiopia
ILRI’s research teams
25
Integrated sciences Biosciences
Animal science for sustainable productivity
BecA-ILRI hub
Food safety and zoonoses Vaccine platform
Livestock systems and the environment
Animal bioscience
Livelihoods, gender and impact Feed and forage bioscience
Policy, trade, value chains Bioscience facilities
A portfolio of innovation and vaccine related technology platforms
Optimizing existing vaccines Thermostabilization of attenuated viral vaccines Establishing quality control and process improvement
Reverse vaccinology and immunology Identification of vaccine antigens Assessing protein and gene-based vaccine formulations
Pathogen & livestock genomics Host and pathogen gene expression profiles Pathogen population structure
Synthetic genomics Manipulating bacterial genomes Attenuating viruses by genome engineering
Opportunity: Employ ‘one health’ for diseases of intensification and food-borne diseases
Conducting integrated human & livestock disease surveys: Kenya, Laos, Vietnam, China
Supporting one -health resource centers in Vietnam, Thailand and Indonesia
• Undertaking participatory risk analysis for safe foods in informal markets
The presentation has a Creative Commons licence. You are free to re-use or distribute this work, provided credit is given to ILRI.
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