The 2nd National Workshop on Livelihoods Education on the theme, Cocreating New Practice: Innovations in Livelihoods Education was organizedby Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneswar (XIMB) in coordinationwith Livelihoods MANTHAN on February 56, 2015. A wide variety ofstakeholders from India attended, including senior officials in the Nationaland State Rural Livelihood Missions, academics, practitioners fromlivelihood promoting organizations, researchers, social entrepreneurs andstudents.

Spread over two days and eightsessions with over 50 differentparticipants, the nationalworkshop saw a rich set ofdiscussions on what wasrequired to strengthencurriculum and pedagogy indesigning livelihoods educationfor the changing Indiancontext.

During the workshop, members of the Livelihoods MANTHAN networkreleased various knowledge outputs including XIMB's Handbook onLivelihoods Education in India.Further, the launch of theSustainable LivelihoodsInstitute of Tamil Nadu waspublicly announced during theworkshop.

The workshop saw theparticipants discussing whatcould be the key ingredientsof a livelihoods educationcurriculum. They deliberated on how to enable useful collaborationsbetween academics, practitioners and policy makers for a practiceoriented livelihoods curriculum. They also brainstormed on how to takethe agenda forward, post the workshop.

(Contd.)

livelihoods. learning. sharing.

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April 2015

LIVEwireLIVEwireVol.III No. 1

CCooccrreeaatt iinngg nneeww pprraacctt iiccee ffoorr ll iivveell iihhooooddss

on LIVEwireThis Month

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The final session, in particular, saw the discussantsfocusing on thematic action points as a way forward(refer figure above) for the workshop participants tocreate a broader community of learning and practice onlivelihoods.

The participants agreed that they need to engage withwith the broader ecosystem of livelihood promotion suchas the ministries involved in skill development, micro,small and medium enterprises, etc. while alsoempathizing with the rising aspirations of the ruralpopulace. In this context, they can learn from successfulexamples such as Auroville, which has matched theaspirations of villagers with sustainable development.

Given this emerging scenario, participants agreed on theneed to study how large scale programs (like NRLM)have or can deliver sustainable livelihoods. It is alsoimportant to develop a common understanding oflivelihoods and livelihoods education, so as to facilitatewhat it means for the practitioners and others involvedin livelihoods promotion support.

It was also agreed that synthesizing training modulesacross the spectrum and disseminating relatedinformation will help in consolidating the goals oflivelihood education.

The representatives of NRLM and the World Bank

2

encouraged the participants to associate with SRLMson a regular basis. The representatives offered tofacilitate this process by inviting participants tocollaborate with key events such as SRLM workshopsfor drafting the Annual Action Plan and during thestate writeshops in NIRD Hyderabad.

Suggestions were made for the participants to meetmore frequently through regional partnerships andalso make efforts to develop a list of faculty fromvarious academic and practitioner organizations, toenable collaboration in offering a blend of trainingmodules and programs.

Participants also acknowledged the demandsupplymismatch in quality professional staff for livelihoodprograms. Rural management institutions also need tomonitor quality as students capabilities to handlelivelihood interventions are inconsistent. For this,academic institutions were encouraged to engage withpractitioners and align their livelihoods courses withthe requirements of livelihood promotion agencies.

The workshop also acknowledged the scope for newtools such as simulations and games to trainprofessionals.

Visit the workshop webpage for videos and other

resources

LIVEwire April 2015

AAcccceessss aanndd ssuubbmmiitt rreessoouurrcceess oonn lliivveelliihhooooddss,, vviissiitthhttttpp::////kknnoowwlleeddggee..lliivveelliihhooooddssmmaanntthhaann..nneett//

PPeerrssppeecctt iivvee

Expanding the livelihoods education frontier

Dr. Sankar Datta shares his thoughts on the ongoingdiscourse on livelihoods educaton in India. His insights

are derived from his review of the "Handbook of

Livelihoods Education in India" a compilation of

livelihoods related courses offered by academic

institutions in India.

There has been a spurt of activity from several academicinstitutions recently in the livelihood space. Newercourses on livelihoods and specialised streams are beingoffered even as many institutions have enhanced theirprofiles through specialised centres of livelihoods. Arecent Curriculum Handbook on Livelihoods Education bythe Livelihoods MANTHAN network suggests livelihoodsas a core course or specialisation in at least 10institutions. An aspirant seeking livelihood knowledgehas a range of offerings from core and elective coursesin regular management or social science programmes

Insights on the emerging livelihoods ecosystem in India

3

through specializations that link with entrepreneurshipor poverty alleviation and an introduction tomethods/ processes/tools that can be used forlivelihood promotion/support.

Are we at the cusp of a new practice and discourse onlivelihoods education? Are academic institutionsworking with practitioners who have hitherto led thefield? Can academic institutions enable the opening upof livelihoods knowledge beyond local organisationalcontexts to feed into largescale governmentprogrammes such as the National Rural LivelihoodsMission (NRLM)? What might be the ways forward fornewer practice and pedagogy on livelihoods?

There has been significant progress in understandingthe livelihoods of people in recent times. A review ofthe various livelihood educations programs beingoffered however suggest that most of them haveremained bounded within old disciplinary boundaries,sometimes just making a qualifying statement thatthese are affected by a larger context, with little or noclarity on the interactions between these elements:the society, the politics and the economy. However, alivelihoods perspective recognizes that economicdecisions are embedded within a social reality...

Read the complete blog here at the Grameen Gyan

Kosh

LIVEwire April 2015

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The Handbook of Livelihoods Education in India is intended as a readyreckoner for academics and practitioners engaged in teaching and training for

Livelihoods Promotion and Support in India. The current version contains a list

of post graduate programs, course curricula and training programs, compiled

from voluntary submissions in multiple forums.

The Handbook is an evolving exercise and we hope more individuals, academic

institutions and livelihood promoting organizations will collaborate to update this

resource with newer information with greater contribution from the many actors

involved in the field. - Editors

PPeerrssppeecctt iivveeInsights on the emerging livelihoods ecosystem in India

Mr. Avinash Kumar, (ILRT) shares his thoughts on the recent public suicide ofa farmer in Delhi. His words echo aplea towards all livelihood promoters and supporters to be more relevant in our approach to support India's farmers.

MMAANNTTHHAANN iinn AAcctt iioonn

XIMB launches Handbook of LivelihoodsCurriculum in IndiaXIMB released the online version of the Handbook ofLivelihoods Curriculum in India in February 2015. ThisHandbook is a collation of course outlines on the waylivelihoods is taught in higher education institutes inIndia as well as by practitioners in the field. Thishandbook was released at the recent workshop "Cocreating New Practice: Innovations in LivelihoodEducation" held at XIMB (February 56th). Compilingthis handbook is an ongoing process and XIMB iscurrently updating a larger version of the curriculumhandbook with annexure containing references of thevarious course outlines, programme structure etc.Download the Handbook here

XLRI to collaborate with JSLPS on a rapidSWOT analysisThe Jharkhand State Livelihoods Promotion Society(JSLPS) has scaled up its coverage and plans to extendits outreach to the entire Jharkhand state (24districts/259 blocks) within the next 5 years. Such agrowth target opens up both new opportunities forJSLPS to fulfill its mission, as well as new challenges.Prof. Madhukar Shukla of XLRI Jamshedpur will lead arapid research study (in the summer of 2015) to identifythe challenges, which can be anticipated as JSLPSgrowth plans roll out in the coming years, the internalstrengths which JSLPS can leverage to address them,and the new capacities which may be required to bedeveloped. Such an assessment, it is hoped, will helpJSLPS in its growth, as well as enable XLRI to identifyareas in which it can assist JSLPS.

XIMB's online knowledge repository reaches600 resourcesXIMB's online livelihoods knowledge repository whichwas launched in March 2014 to host training resourcesfor livelihoods promotion, has since receivedsubmissions from several stakeholders periodically. Thenumber of resources available in this open repositoryhas risen from a little over a 100 in March 2014 to 600resources in March 2015.The most recent additions to the repository come fromvarious sources including journals like Economic andPolitical Weekly, IRMAs International Journal of Rural

News updates from the Livelihoods MANTHAN consortium

5

Management, multilateral organizations like UNDP,ILO and the World Bank, leading livelihood promotingorganizationss like Sahbhagi Shikshan Kendra, AgaKhan Development Network, SEWA Academy andlivelihood missions like JEEViKA, RMOL and Aajeevika.Explore the repository here

XLRIs 5Day Training Workshop onManagerial Skills for BPMs of JSLPSThe Jharkhand State Livelihoods Promotion Society(JSLPS) is aiming to scale up its operations from thecurrent 2940 blocks 120 blocks in the next 2 years,eventually covering all 259 blocks in the 24 districtsby 201920. Since the blocks are the first touchpointwith the community, the role and skills of the BlockProgram Managers (BPMs) are critical to the successof the mission.

In this context, JSLPS invited XLRI to design andorganize a customized training program for the BPMs.To design the training, Profs Manish Singhal andMadhukar held discussions with the COO and the stateHR team about the need for the program.Subsequently, they also participated in the WriteShop at Puri, and visited blocks and held discussionswith officers from different cadres and withcommunity members to understand the requirementsand challenges of BPMs role. Based on these inputs, acustomized residential workshop on Skills forManagerial Effectiveness was designed and organizedat XLRI during November 2428, 2014. The workshopwas attended by 26 BPMs and Block Anchor Persons.

LIVEwire April 2015

Mobilizing a community and ensuringparticipation: an experience

Shubhram Goswami, XIMB Alumnus and formerJEEViKA Young Professional, shares his experiences of

forming a Producer Group in a small village in Bihar.

Mehsi is a very small town and a block in EastChamparan district in Bihar, situated at a distance ofaround 48 km from Motihari, the district headquarters.There are 90 villages divided into 13 Gram panchayatsin the block. In a district known for its rice productionMehsi stands out as a case where traditional villagebased livelihoods are not solely dependent on cropcultivation but are diversified into activities such as litchicultivation, beekeeping and oyster shell button makingcraft.

JEEViKA started its activities in Mehsi block byestablishing the Block Project Implementation Unit(BPIU) in March 2014. The process of mobilizing womeninto Self Help Groups (SHG) along with the process offinancial inclusion and capitalization then ensued. Bythen, we identified Bathna village of Bakhri Nazirpanchayat as the one village where we will pilot ourintervention to organize the small shell button makingcraftsmen into a community owned and managedenterprise. It was decided that this would be an informalgroup (not registered) known as a Producer Group (PG).In JEEViKA such groups generally consists of 40120members, the size depending on the nature of activity.Such a group or its federated form may get registeredas a Cooperative Society or a Producers Company (PC)at a later stage once it attains certain maturity.Bathna has around 6570 households who are involvedin the shell button making craft today. A few of these

households have small factories with 1015 cuttingmachines, a couple of holing and sharpeningmachines and employs around 1015 labourers on adaily basis. However, several households with 35machines do not use them and there are otherhouseholds which own 1 or 2 machines with theowner operating them.

The village consists of four Tolas namely theHarijan Tola, Muslim Tola, Barhai Tola (SC) andKhuswaha Tola (BC). However it is to be noted thateach community inhabiting each Tola is nothomogeneous economically. In general people fromthe Khuswaha Tola might be better off in comparisonto Harijan Tola and Muslim Tola but the poor inKhuswaha Tola has more in common with theircounterparts in the other two Tolas in terms of accessto means of production and network, to move up theeconomic ladder.The importance of understanding the interests of eachclass and the interclasscommunity dynamics evenwithin an apparently closely knit community, theirinterdependencies and power relations became clearwhen we began mobilizing them in to a singleProducer Group (PG).The first challenge was to form a PG with the womenonly (as per the NRLM mandate) while most activitiesinvolved in the craft were performed by the malemembers of the households. We had to independentlytalk to the male members, seek help from them intaking forward the business but also request them toallow the women to own and manage the formalactivities of the PG. Initially when we did not get anencouraging response from the women during thefirst orientation meeting, we had to call a meeting ofthe men involved in the craft. (Contd.)

VVooiicceess ff rroomm tthhee ff iiee llddReports from livelihood professionals in the field

6 LIVEwire April 2015

Even in the Tola wise meetings that followed, we talkedto male members. Subsequently on the day the PG wasformed, we invited only the women to select the boardmembers. However, the men also turned up and themale and female members almost sat in concentriccircles, the latter forming the inner circle!Secondly, we realized that many of the governmentinitiatives to revive the traditional cottage industry havenot been successful because of a complete top downapproach, alleged corruption and elite capture. Forinstance, the service centre established by the DistrictIndustry Centre (DIC) in Mehsi is supposed to be theproperty of the community, registered as a society.However, the DICs budget, the machines and theplanning of operations, practically seems to belong to afew elite who were already controlling the trade withtheir resources and network. Another service centre thatthe DIC planned was is in the village of Bathna. Here, itwas decided that the service centre needs around 10%contribution from the community in a Rs. 1 croreproject. The mostly poor members can never imaginecontributing such an amount and its only 78 elitemembers of the community who become boardmembers and decide the rules. Even these elitemembers are not in a position to make up for thecommunity contribution. It was difficult to understandwhy such grandiose plans are being made without anydetailed field level study on the business and strategiesto safeguard the interests of the small entrepreneur andthe laborer.The reality is that the majority of the villagers do notwant big money nor do they want to replace theirexisting means and processes of production. They onlyneed financial support to get raw material in time, tostart using the small machines that are lying idle andmarketing support to avoid distress sales. Increase inproduction, better value addition using improvedmachinery is the priority of the comparatively big factoryowner at this moment. However the small craftsmen aredependent on them for capital, raw material andmarket, and they could not express their prioritiesopenly. Since the expectations from the interventionwere different for both sets of people, the villagers couldsee that cooperation within a group will not be possible.The poorer craftsmen were even more apprehensivebecause if the project brings in modern machines, theyfeared that they may lose their existing source of

income as well. It was only later that we were able toconvince them that our first priority would be thesmall producer and labourer, through privateconversations and 'Tola' wise meetings. Thecomparatively bigger players remained suspicious anda few stayed away. It is also to be noted that oneresourceful factory owner and opinion maker from oneof the Tolas tried to dissuade the whole communityfrom joining the PG, just to protect his own interest.While the poorer community members listened to himinitially, they later they joined the PG as the prioritiesbecame clearer. While our role during the selectionprocess of the board members or the office bearerswas only that of facilitators, we could ensure thateach Tola is proportionately represented in the Boardof Directors (BoD) and the three office bearers arealso one from each Tola.

The members identified the different points in thevalue chain where there can be intervention. It wasdecided that initially the focus will be on buttons only.Investments in machines (that may be owned andoperated collectively) for better quality ornamentalproducts and so on can be thought about later, oncethe PG gets going. Bulk procurement of dry shells wasidentified as one of the first intervention that the PGcan take up.When the community had to finally name theproducer group, they were very hesitant because theywere unable to come up with a name which did notsound religious, and the group had members fromboth Hindu and Muslim communities. They finallyagreed to name it Moti Mala Uthpadak Samuh (Pearland Necklaces Producer Group)!

PS: Shubhram reports that the PG is growing, albeit slowly.He is now an RLMfellow attached to West Bengal SRLM.

VVooiicceess ff rroomm tthhee ff iiee llddReports from livelihood professionals in the field

7 LIVEwire April 2015

8 LIVEwire April 2015

CCoommmmuunnii ttyy EExxcchhaannggeeDialogue and debate in the Livelihoods Learning e-Group

Workshop on livelihoods for students ofRGNIYDFollowed XIMB's national workhop on livelihoodseducation in February 2015, Rajiv Gandhi NationalInstitute of Youth Development (RGNIYD) organised atwoday workshop on livelihoods for the MADevelopment Practice students of RGNIYD. Theworkshop was facilitated by Dr Porag Shome and MrKushal Ghosh of the Azim Premji University ResourceCentre, in March 2015. Subsequently, the studentsunderwent field experience in the ThondamanallurVillage in Kancheepuram District of Tamilnadu. Theystayed along with Irula Tribal Community to understandthe livelihood issues of the community and will continueto work with them.Members of the LLG were happy to note that there isnow greater collaboration across academic institutionson livelihoods education and pedagogy.

APU seeks inputs for livelihoods andsustainability focused educationRepresentatives of the Azim Premji University soughtinputs from members of the Livelihood Learning Groupfor two separate initiatives of the university. Dr. PoragShome requested inputs on an effort to promotelivelihood education for professionals. Dr. RadhaGopalan has been surveying general levels of interest insustainability education so as to design a series ofcourses on Sustainability. Readers may visit thefollowing links to participate in the surveys and provideinputs for the design of the courses.

Survey on Livelihoods Education

Survey on Sustainability Education

Online courses on forest based livelihoods indeveloping countriesDr. Ajit Janitkar invited LLG members to explore an edXMOOC (Massive Online Open Course) on Forests andLivelihoods in Developing Countries. Thisinterdisciplinary course explores the complexinteractions between poverty, rural livelihoods, andforest resources in developing countries including India.The six week long course also has three crosscuttingthemes (gender, tenure and forest rights, and climatechange) spanning all the modules. As a participant in

the course, Dr. Ajit suggested that academics andlivelihood promoters in India could explore thepossibilities of providing MOOCs for an Indiaspecificcontext by and for livelihood professionals in India.Explore the online course here

Expansion of Deshpande Foundationssandbox ecosystemNeelam Maheshwari announced that DeshpandeFoundations Sandbox Ecosystem is now being replicatedacross three states including North West Karnataka,Western Uttar Pradehs and Telangana. She invited LLGmembers to join and help in supporting responsibleNGOs, incubation of social entrepreneurs and promotethe Foundations skilling program. LLG members wererequested to participate in further expansion of theregional sandbox by engaging as resource persons tostrengthen positive impact.Read more about the sandbox ecosystem here

Experiences from the Livelihoods AsiaSummit 2014ACCESS Development Services organized the first everLivelihoods Asia Summit at New Delhi betweenDecember 10 and 11, 2014. The Summit proved to be aunique platform to facilitate an exchange of ideas andunderstanding on livelihoods enhancement of the poor.More than 500 stakeholders from about 10 Asiancountries, including policy makers, practitioners,academia, researchers, multilateral/bilateraldevelopment agencies and private sector companieswere a part of the Summit with over 50 eminent thoughtleaders and sector specialists speaking across variouspanels.

Several LLG members were involved in the Summit aspanelists and participants. Post the Summit, many ofthem appreciated the diversity of ideas shared duringthe event, particularly the rich set of publicationsreleased. It was hoped that different actors in thelivelihoods ecosystem take some leads and insights fromthe Livelihoods Asia Summit and carry forward thedialogue in other places.

Some of the presentations can be downloaded here

9 LIVEwire April 2015

NNeewwss WWaattcchhLivelihoods related news and updates in the media

CECs SWAR technology emerges globalchampionKS Gopal, Director of the Centre for EnvironmentConcerns (CEC) emerged as the global winner in theClimate Challenge, an international competition onagricultural and forestry innovations to address climatechange. This competition was organized by the FrenchDevelopment Agency (AFD) and the AgriculturalResearch Centre for International Development (Cirad).KS Gopals unique innovation, SWAR (System of Waterfor Agriculture Rejuvenation), was one of 12 majorprojects selected from 150 preselected applicationsaround the world. KS Gopal emerged victorious at thefinal round held at the International AgricultureExposition in Paris on 26 February 2015. AFD and CIRADwill now collaborate with CEC on a mutually developedresearch agenda.Trials with SWAR have proved successful in rainfedareas of Andhra Pradesh and now CEC has been taskedwith installing SWAR on trial basis in Ethiopia and Chadleading to multifield trials to measure the uniquefeatures of moisture spread and root growth in SWAR.Watch KS Gopal talk about SWAR here

PRADAN wins TOI Social Impact Award 2015for contribution to livelihoodsPRADAN was recognized as the best NGO contributing tolivelihoods promotion in India by the 2015 Times ofIndia Social Impact Awards. PRADAN was appreciatedfor its contribution to lakhs of families in the poorestregions by helping them grow more, market theiragricultural produce, and set up microenterprises andselfhelp groups. Further, PRADAN was chosenparticularly for its presence in the most difficult areas ofcentral India. Its scale of operations, the commitment ofworkers, ability to produce results and various efforts tocollaborate with the government came in for particularpraise.Read about PRADAN's impact in TOI here

BAIF's publications on AmazonBAIF Development and Research Foundation haspublished a rich catalogue of useful resources in Englishand other languages over the decades. While thepublications have been available for sale on request,BAIF has recently taken the step of making the

publications available on Amazon. With this initiative,some of the most valued resources on ruraldevelopment can be purchased online with ease. Theresources can be procured through various modes ofpayment on Amazon.Browse and buy BAIF's books on Amazon here

WB announces rural inclusive growth projectfor Andhra PradeshIn December 2014, the World Bank announced a $75million credit for the Andhra Pradesh Rural InclusiveGrowth Project to enhance agricultural incomes of smalland marginal farmers and ensure increased access toservices related to health, nutrition, sanitation and socialentitlements. The project will focus on increasingeconomic opportunities for small and marginal farmers,especially from Scheduled Caste (SC) and ScheduledTribe (ST) households in the 150 most backwardmandals. It will invest in developing a network of socialenterprises for food, nutrition, sanitation and othersocial enterprises which operate at community anddistrict level. It will also support the Government ofAndhra Pradesh in its efforts at creating an enablingpolicy framework, with real time analytics across sectorsthrough the various missions established by them.Read more about the project here

India and WB sign agreement for sustainablelivelihoods and adaptation to climate changeThe Government of India and the World Bank signed agrant agreement for assistance of US$ 8 million forSustainable Livelihoods and Adaptation to ClimateChange (SLACC) Project in February 2015. The SLACCproject is envisaged to help community institutions ofthe rural poor, particularly women farmers, to fosterimproved resilience in collaboration with governmentprograms such as MKSP and MGNREGS. The projectaims to improve adaptive capacity of the rural poorengaged in farmbased livelihoods to cope with climatevariability and change in Bihar and Madhya Pradesh andscale up the demonstrated best practices and lessonsinto the Government of Indias National RuralLivelihoods Mission. National Rural Livelihoods Missionis the implementing agency.Read more about the initiative here

Do you have events, research or publications to share in this newsletter?

Are you looking to collaborate with others?

Would you like to be part of the Livelihoods Learning e-Group?

Email us at manthanlive@ximb.ac. in

If you have any comments or feedback on this newsletter, please email us; we would be

happy to refine and innovate in future editions ofLIVEwire.

Editorial Team

Joseph Satish V

C Shambu Prasad

Produced by

Xavier Institute of Management,

Xavier Square,

Bhubaneswar - 751 013

Odisha, INDIA

Ph: + 91 -674-6647 720

Email: manthanlive@ximb.ac.in

Web: http://livelihoods-manthan.net/

(for private circulation only)

ILRT's 5 day program on 'Integrating ValueChains in Farmers Producer Organizations'The Institute of Livelihood Research and Training (ILRT)is organizing this program from May 5 to 9, 2015 inBhopal. The course has been designed after an indepthsituational analysis and training needs assessment ofLivelihood Promoting Organizations (LPOs) with bothgovernment and nongovernment institutions involved inFPO promotion and value chain development activities.The course aims at building perspectives on systematicprocess and effective measures for integrating valuechains in FPOs. The course will help the participants toenhance their awareness and skills to enable the FPOs toactively get into the value chain activities.Read more about the training program here

IRMA Impact Evaluation Summer School

The fundamental challenge for program evaluation isto establish a causal link between interventions andoutcomes. Impact evaluation is increasinglyrecognized as an important part of the evaluationtoolkit. IRMA is conducting this training program fromMay 18 to 23, 2015 to build research capacity inimpact evaluation. The primary objective of thetraining program is to introduce participants to majorquasiexperimental techniques and develop researchskills to use them.

Read about the summer school here

EEvveenntt SSccaannUpcoming livelihoods events across the nation

10 LIVEwire April 2015

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11 LIVEwire April 2015