living building challenge - auckland council · living building challenge ... on site grey and...

42-48 Ponsonby Rd

for the Samson Corporation Ltd

Living Building Challenge Abstract Sustainability concept report for ACC Resource Consent application for Samson Corporation. An outline of the approach of the development to meet the philosophy and certification requirements of the Living Building Challenge

Tricia Love Consultants Ltd

[email protected] Rev 1

42-48 PONSONBY RD Tricia Love Consultants Ltd RESOURCE CONSENT REPORT

Rev 1 2

REPORT ISSUE AUTHORISATION

PROJECT: 42-48 Ponsonby Rd

Project No: 2027

Rev

Date

Purpose of Issue/Nature of Revision

Prepared by

Issue

Authorized by

0 05/12/18 Draft For Review PML

1 11/06/18 Final Issue PML PML


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Contents

1. INTRODUCTION 5

2. Environmental Certification for Commercial Office Retail space within New Zealand and Globally

7

2.1 The Living Building Challenge 9

3. SITE/ PLACE 15

3.1 Location of the Development/Site 15

4. ENERGY 15

4.1 Energy Budget 15

4.2 Power Generation 16

4.3 Energy Efficient building design 16

4.4 Operational energy efficiency 18

4.5 Metering 18

5.0 WATER EFFICIENT DESIGN 19

5.1 Water consumption 19

5.2 Potable Water 19

6. HEALTH & HAPPINNESS 20

6.1 Healthy Indoor Environment 20

6.1.1 Internal Finishes 20

6.3 Biophilic Environment 21

7. BUILDING MATERIALS 22

7.1 Red List 22

7.2 Carbon Footprint 23

7.3 Environmental Construction 23

7.3.1 Environmental FF & E 24

7.3.2 Purchasing and Chemical Use 24

7.4 Social Sustainability 24

8. EQUITY 25

8.1 Design for Accessibility 25

8.2 Access to Nature and Place 25

8.3 Human scale and Humane places 25

9. BEAUTY 26

9.1 Beauty and Spirit 26


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9.2 Inspiration and Education 26

APPENDIX 28


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1. INTRODUCTION

This report provides an overview of the environmental design philosophy and objectives of the

proposed Commercial/retail development at 42-48 Ponsonby Rd, Auckland. Specific sustainable

design strategies relating to the Resource Consent are outlined with particular regard to any items

impacting on the Resource Consent.

In conjunction with the project design meeting the requirements of the Auckland City Unitary Plan,

the design will aim to achieve compliance with the philosophy and certification requirements of the

Living Building ChallengeTM program. This programme will be explained further within the report

and we are happy to present to members of the Council on the Living Building Challenge should

there be an interest or requirement to find out further information pertaining to this particular

aspect of the project. By following the philosophy of the Living Building Challenge, the development

is contributing to the goals of the following Auckland Council plans and strategies;

• Auckland Growing Greener

• Low Carbon Strategic Action Plan

Specialist environmental analysis work is and will continue to be undertaken in due course to

establish the viability of specific environmental systems design to alleviate the impact of the

development on the environment. Examples of systems proposed to be incorporated/investigated

are as follows;

● Rainwater collection

● Bore water top up water supply

● Solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine power generation and energy storage

● On site grey and blackwater “Living Machine” waste treatment system inclusive of vacuum

toilets (under investigation).

● Use of building materials with low embodied energy and low waste content during

construction

● Highly thermally insulated and air tight building envelopes

● Passive cooling and heating strategies

● Mixed mode ventilation strategies

● Natural daylighting strategies


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The development comprises retail and cafe/restaurant space at ground level with commercial office

tenancies proposed at the upper levels of the building. A detailed description of which can be found

in the Architectural Resource Consent package prepared by Patterson Architects Ltd.

This report forms part of the total Resource Consent application being submitted by Brown &

Company Ltd on behalf of Samson Corporation Ltd.


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2. Environmental Certification for Commercial Office Retail space

within New Zealand and Globally

Within New Zealand, Commercial office retail space is generally appraised qualitatively and

quantitatively via either the Property Council grading matrix of qualitative office space and/or

environmentally through the NZGBC Greenstar Commercial rating tool.

The Property Council of New Zealand classifies a Grade A building as being;

“a landmark office building in major CBD office markets which is a pace setter in establishing rents

and includes: ample natural lighting; good views/outlook; prestige lobby finish; on-site undercover

parking; quality access to/from an attractive street setting; premium presentation and

maintenance.”

State of the art technical services will typically include the following:

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning: Multiple zones of approximately 70sqm with around 25

watts per sqm for tenant equipment. The system should also have a supplementary fresh air system,

auxiliary condenser water loop for tenant use and capacity for tenant exhaust risers.

Lifts: Waiting interval not to exceed 25 seconds, handling capacity in excess of 15% and a high

quality ride with low noise. At least one dedicated goods lift.

Power: Minimum of 25 watts per sqm load capacity. Dedicated data risers should be available.

Lighting: High quality ultra low brightness fittings

Building Intelligence: High quality building automation system, 24 hr access (card key), after hours

air-conditioning dial-up, energy and stand-by power management,

Stand-by Power: Full power for all essential services and ventilation and at least 50% power for

lighting and lifts.

There are therefore no acknowledgements given to the environmental attributes of a building or its

performance on resource minimisation or on impact of the space on the health and wellbeing of the

occupants.

The NZGBC Commercial rating tool does take into account environmental attributes of a building but

these tend to be more tangible measurable metrics such as IEQ, Water, Waste and Materials.

To date, there is only one multi story Commercial office space certified as a full Living Building in the

World. It is the Bullitt Center in Seattle and is a six-story commercial office building in the CBD of

Seattle providing a demonstration of how a commercial project can be used to create opportunities

for transformational change and policy partnerships.

The City of Seattle’s Department of Planning and Development created “the Living Building Pilot

Program” in an effort to incentivize project developers to incorporate performance based design

into new buildings and to further the Cities leadership in green building. Originally, 10 Living

http://www.bullittcenter.org/


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Buildings were to be piloted under this programme. The Program’s goal is to promote buildings that

meet the Living Building Challenge (in full or Petal Certification) by providing flexibility in

development standards in Seattle’s Land use codes. The Bullitt Center was the first to be built under

the program.

The City Council has just re-authorised the Program for another 10 years and 20 more projects in

May 2018.

We would be happy to present to the Council more detail on this project and the possible parallel

opportunities it may afford for discussion between Samson Corporation and Auckland City Council

for this development.

https://living-future.org/lbc/case-studies/bullitt-center/

http://www.ecobuilding.org/code-innovations/policy-profiles/seattle-goes-deep-green-with-living-

building-pilot-ordinance

https://living-future.org/lbc/case-studies/bullitt-center/

http://www.ecobuilding.org/code-innovations/policy-profiles/seattle-goes-deep-green-with-living-building-pilot-ordinance

http://www.ecobuilding.org/code-innovations/policy-profiles/seattle-goes-deep-green-with-living-building-pilot-ordinance


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2.1 The Living Building Challenge

42-48 Ponsonby Rd is being designed and will be operated to adopt the philosophy and principles set

out by the Living Building ChallengeTM Vs 3.1 .

The Living Building Challenge is a programme administered by the International Living Future

Institute (ILFI) out of the USA which attempts to dramatically raise the bar within our built

environment from a paradigm of doing less to harm to one in which we view our role as steward and

co-creator of a future which is Socially Just, Culturally Rich and Ecologically Restorative.

It is first and foremost a philosophy and advocacy tool but also a certification programme for the

design and operation of buildings within our communities to restorative principles. It is widely

accepted to be the most stringent environmental building design certification tool in the world

today.

Currently within New Zealand, one commercial building has been designed to comply fully with the

Living Building Challenge (Tuhoe Te Uru Taumatua - Te Kura Whare located in Taneatua in the Bay of

Plenty). http://www.ngaituhoe.iwi.nz/te-kura-whare

Tuhoe Te Uru Taumatua - Te Kura Whare Image courtesy of Dave Olsen

http://www.ngaituhoe.iwi.nz/te-kura-whare


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In addition, one house located in Auckland has achieved Net Zero Energy Certification.

http://zeroenergyhouse.co.nz/

Camp Glenorchy completed construction in March 2018 and will be aiming for Zero Energy or

possibly Petal Certification. It will be the first Zero Energy accommodation facility in NZ.

www.theheadwaters.co.nz

The Living Building Challenge calls for the creation of building projects at all scales that operate as

cleanly, beautifully and efficiently as nature’s architecture. The Living Building Challenge asks a

simple question, “what if every single act of design and construction could make the world a better

place?” It is our goal as the project unfolds, that the project team members continually ask the

question, “is this design, or material selection or construction method in the best interest of our

larger world and the visitor who will use the facility?”

The LBC certification programme uses the analogy of the flower. Like a flower, our buildings are

rooted in place. A flower must generate its own fuel, collect its own water, support its local

Zero Energy house, Auckland

Image courtesy of Zero Energy House

website.

http://zeroenergyhouse.co.nz/


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ecosystem and community (via pollination), become feedstock for the local ecosystem at the end of

its life and ultimately is beautiful! There are 7 “Petals” within the programme;

● Place

● Net Positive Water

● Net Positive Energy

● Health & Happiness

● Materials

● Equity

● Beauty

To achieve the requirements outlined within each of the above petals, the design team is ultimately

asked the fundamental question “what does good look like?” We expect to demonstrate this within

the development at 42-48 Ponsonby Rd.

Within each of the above petals there are sub-sections called “imperatives.” In all there are 20

imperatives and compliance with all imperatives must be achieved for full Living Building Challenge

certification. Another certification path exists for “Petal” and “Zero Energy Certification”. The extent

to which this development will aim to certify is still to be confirmed and will depend to some extent

on approvals granted by the Council.

The development will be an exemplar of world class sustainable design for commercial office/retail

space and will subsequently we believe, become the new aspirational standard for environmental A

Grade office space within New Zealand.

Having such a facility within the Central Business District of Auckland City provides incredible

potential for the City to demonstrate working in partnership with exemplar building projects

enabling subsequent learning and educational opportunities for many sectors of the corporate,

policy and construction industries.

The development will have a smaller environmental footprint and be a model of energy and water

conservation by integrating technologies that support this effort. Green buildings can help save

money by efficiently using energy and water, providing healthier indoor air quality, reducing waste

and pollution, reducing reliance on external resources, all while reducing our carbon footprint. We

hope this project will help others see that even small actions toward sustainable living can have a

positive impact on the environment. Intermingled within all the technological solutions we seek for

this project will be the equally important innate human need for beauty and connection to nature.

To measure the success of this, we will ask the question “Does the design of this development lift

the human spirit?”

We have identified in the following report key environmental criteria which have been considered in

the design of the development to date in line with the criteria outlined in the Living Building

Challenge programme. Appendix A provides detail of the specific petals and imperatives we are

aiming to achieve.

For more information, please go to http://living-future.org/lbc/about

http://living-future.org/lbc/about


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2.2 LBC Environmental Design Strategies

The Architectural package included in the Resource Consent dated May 2018 has been developed

and reviewed for the following aspects of environmental design in line with the Living Building

Challenge;

PLACE/SITE

● Location of the development, evaluation of natural hazards

● Story of Place – connection to Western Park, pre-European Culture and Ecology of the area

● Enhancement of the local landscape around the junction of Ponsonby Rd and Crummer Rd.

● Locality to public transport, minimal provision of on-site carparking and priority parking for

small/EV vehicles.

● EV charging stations and secure bicycle stores

● Minimisation of topsoil movement

● A 14m2 on-site organic vegetable and herb garden for use by the tenants

ENERGY

● Energy efficient design and construction of the building envelope.

● Maximising solar gains in winter whilst minimising potential for overheating in summer.

● Mixed mode ventilation and heat recovery ventilation systems.

● Building envelopes to be thermally insulated over and above the minimum NZBC

requirements for energy efficiency.

● Airtight building envelope using the Passive House Institute Low Energy Building Standard as

a guideline.

● Considered use of daylighting to reduce artificial lighting loads.

● Use of highly efficient mechanical and electrical systems.

● Radiant heating with heat pumps.

● LED lighting throughout.

● Specification of highly energy efficient appliances.

● Grid tied on-site energy production via

o A solar photovoltaic (PV) array located on the roof of the new building. (We also

propose to investigate the use of the newly launched Tesla roof tiles on the roof of

the existing building.)

o Roof mounted vertical wind turbines located on the roof of the new building.

● Ability to function as a centre for Civil Defence for the community via the provision of

battery energy store to service a reduced function of lighting and refrigeration for 7 days.

● Provision of electric car charging stations and use of electric vehicles on site.

● Granular level energy metering and monitoring.


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WATER

● On-site rainwater collection.

● Potential top up of the rainwater harvesting system via an on-site bore water supply.

● Extra low flow sanitary fixtures eg vacuum flush toilets.

● Building and systems level water metering for leak detection and performance monitoring.

● On site stormwater run-off management.

● Use of pervious hard landscaping.

At this stage we are applying within this Consent application to connect the stormwater and

wastewater infrastructure to the local utility network. However we are concurrently investigating

the potential for on-site wastewater treatment as follows;

● On-site blackwater and greywater treatment via a “Living Machine” technical waste

treatment system

● On-site beneficial re-use of treated wastewater in a combination of either

o vertical gardens,

o green walls

o on-site deep bed dispersal

o off-site community beneficial re-use

o toilet flushing

HEALTH & HAPPINESS

● Healthy internal environments, daylight, fresh air

● Optimally placed operable windows for views and natural ventilation

● Track in mats for collection of dirt and dust

● Mechanical extract to kitchens, bathrooms, utility rooms and copy stations

● Use of natural finishes over chemical finished to eliminate/significantly reduce Volatile

Organic Compounds (VOC’s)

● Integration of design elements within the buildings and landscape which incorporate natures

patterns particular to the Ponsonby Ridge environment

● Integration of design elements which connect visitors to the local history, climate and

culture of this place and site

● Integration of Biophilic design principles

MATERIALS

● Quality of building processes and materials and the impact of the building on the

environment and the surrounding neighbourhood


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o Use of materials which do not use chemicals in the manufacture of final product

which are considered to be “worst in class” chemicals in the world for their effect on

human and environmental health

o use of natural products over manufactured products where possible

● Use of salvaged/recycled products and finishes

● Use of FSC timber or salvaged timber

● Use of locally sourced/local manufacturers when possible.

● Use of local trades and crafts when possible

● Implementation of a waste management and environmental management plan

● Design for disassembly and re-use at the end of building life

● Use of materials with low embodied energy to assist in the reduction of the overall carbon

footprint of 42-48 Ponsonby Rd

EQUITY

● Design for disabled access to NZBC and ADA standards.

● Provision of disabled car parking spaces.

● Provision of a human scaled buildings and landscaping

BEAUTY

● The public spaces and building are being designed to reflect and celebrate the unique

Ponsonby community, spirit and place through design and appropriate materials

● Local artists and tradespeople will be used to integrate local/NZ specific artwork into the

spaces.

● An educational website and displays may be developed to give people access to information

about the development, facilities and services on offer in the area and a specific

sustainability page that will provide real time energy and water consumption data in

conjunction with information about the design of elements of the development. It is hoped

this may help inform and support individuals to take steps towards sustainability and

stewardship in their own lives.

● Educational pamphlets and displays will be available to visitors.

● Real time energy and water consumption data will be available to view via a “dashboard”

within the main common building.

● Open days and special events/courses will be held.

The building design and construction will comply with all current environmental legislation and

regulations. Refer to Appendix A for a summary Living Building Challenge Matrix.


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3. SITE/ PLACE

3.1 Location of the Development/Site

The site is outside of the flood zone identified in the Auckland Council GIS hazards map.

We regard the development as contributing to the unique character of Ponsonby Rd. As such we are

enthusiastic to investigate opportunities to use the development as a catalyst for wider public

realm/landscape regeneration and connection to the iconic Western Park.

The development will be regenerated with native species supportive of the local eco system and

species known to exist in the area pre-development.

4. ENERGY

Energy efficiency and specifically achieving “Net Positive Energy” at 42-48 Ponsonby Rd is one of the

core challenges of the project. Net Positive Energy in this context meaning that the development

will generate 105% as much power on site as it consumes from the grid electricity network over the

course of 12 months of operation.

Another requirement of the Net Positive Energy certification programme under the Living Building

Challenge is that there shall be no combustion on site (an exception is in place for Commercial

catering operations where it can be proven that electric heat source is not sufficient for the required

functions).

4.1 Energy Budget

In order to achieve the above objectives a detailed “energy budget” will be developed for the site.

The energy budget is ultimately determined by the amount of photovoltaic panels we can

realistically physically fit on the site. It subsequently provides limiting boundaries around the

amount of energy the site can consume in one year. Inherently, the energy budget results in

detailed design and specification of the building envelopes, servicing strategies, appliance

specification and load shedding to reduce energy consumption to a premium.

An early estimate of the anticipated annual energy consumption of the development based on the

energy use intensity of the Bullitt Centre commercial office building in Seattle USA, is in the order of

259,000kWhr/annum, or to 53kWhr/m2/annum excluding any commercial catering loads.

In order to calculate if we have achieved our objectives we will need to meter and record energy

consumption vs energy generation and this will be done with extensive metering arrangements in

conjunction with an energy monitoring system.


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Significant to the success of the “Net Positive Energy” target will be the actual operation of the

facility by tenants and visitors. This provides us with a unique opportunity to engage with the

visitors around the subject of energy conservation through education and visitor experience. The

energy monitoring system will support the occupant operation with automated tenancy

management systems.

4.2 Power Generation

Electrical power will be generated on site primarily via an array of roof mounted photovoltaic (PV)

panels.

The system design will be a grid tied arrangement and will also be coupled to a rechargeable battery

bank to be located in the basement.

The PV panels have been orientated due North +/- 30 degrees and have been mounted at a pitch of

0 degrees to minimise visual impact of the array from the street level.

A more detailed power generation analysis will be undertaken during the course of detailed design

and the design of the solar arrays developed to suit.

Roof mounted monocrystalene photovoltaic panels are shown within the Resource Consent package

provided by Patterson Architects. The current optimal specification is for a panel such as the 1.65 x

1.0m JA Solar JAM6 72-340/PR (340Wp) module though we will be looking to use the most efficient

panels available on the market at the time of construction.

To support the PV power generation we are looking to also utilise wind power generation using a

series of 1000W Archimedes wind turbines also located at roof level.

During peak summer season, power generation is expected to exceed demand within the facility and

so excess power will be diverted to charge the standby battery bank for use overnight within the

complex when solar generation has ceased. Any extra power generation over and above direct on

site use and battery charging will be exported to the grid.

Refer to Appendix B for an example of a monocrystalene panel and a monocrystalene panel

reflectivity report and to Appendix C for details of the proposed vertical wind turbines.

4.3 Energy Efficient building design

The building form and fabric will first be assessed to optimise and give priority to passive heating,

cooling and ventilation strategies which will then reduce the size of, or negate the need for artificial

systems support.

The aim of a passive design is to get a building to perform well without artificial environmental

control. In an accommodation type facility there will be the requirement to operate mechanical and

electronic systems. However, a good passive design will limit periods of artificial control to an

absolute minimum, will provide the building occupants with choice over the control of their internal

environment and will consequently reduce the energy consumed by the artificial systems to an

absolute minimum.


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The aim of a good passive design should be to:

● allow sufficient light to enter each space such that no/minimal artificial lighting is required

during the daylight hours of an average cloudy day,

● enable an acceptable internal environment to be achieved for large periods of the year

without the use of artificial mechanical air-conditioning or heating,

● minimise solar heat gain during summer and the use of "free solar heating" during winter

and other cold periods to its maximum benefit, and

● Use of environmentally friendly products.

Moreover, human comfort and health depends on many factors, including:

● air and radiant temperatures, velocity and humidity,

● air freshness,

● the visual environment, and,

● the noise environment.

All of these aspects will be taken into account in any passive or active design solutions.

In summary, the following aspects have been specifically considered in the review of the design of

the development:

● selection of high performance glazing types to minimise heat loss but provide adequate

natural lighting

● provision of summer shading to glazing using the building form to prevent direct radiation

and excessive heat gains.

● high performance insulation to both roofs and walls to prevent hot and cold surface

radiation and to significantly reduce heat losses and heat gains.

● natural ventilation using high and low level openings.

● Use of thermal mass for passive heat storage and to dampen out diurnal temperature

fluctuations

● Use of CFC free refrigerants – reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

● Use of very high efficiency ground or air source heat pumps for heating and auxiliary hot

water generation.

● Use of highly efficient thermal hot water store to optimise “free heat” available from the sun

for domestic hot water and heating.

● High acoustic design criteria to minimise noise transmission between internal spaces and

external spaces.

● LED lighting throughout

● Integration of energy monitoring systems

● High performance, double glazed, thermally broken timber window joinery will be used.


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4.4 Operational energy efficiency

In order for the development to achieve the desired goal of Net Positive Energy it is therefore critical

that every aspect of energy efficiency and energy consumption is considered and assessed in detail.

The buildings are currently being assessed for energy efficiency in every aspect of design and

product procurement.

4.5 Metering

The integration of metering systems and a comprehensive energy management system will enable

the mechanical systems to be operated at maximum efficiency and will enable defects and leaks to

be detected and rectified quickly.

In line with the educational intent of the Living Building Challenge, all electric energy and water

consumption data will be available for visitors to view in real time on a large screen “dashboards”

which will be located in the information and check in area.

A website may also be developed which will provide links to the energy and water monitoring

systems and again will provide real time consumption and generation data but will also provide

information on the breakdown of the consumption so that visitors and public can learn about energy

and water conservation.


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5.0 WATER EFFICIENT DESIGN

Minimising the impact of the development on the surrounding environment and infrastructure.

5.1 Water consumption

In order to minimise water consumption and dampen out peaks in water demand, the development

will incorporate a number of water saving strategies throughout the site.

Therefore, in conjunction with the philosophy of the Living building Challenge we are aiming to a

significant reduction in water consumption over standard facilities of this type through

implementation of the following water conservation strategies;

● Low flow tapware and showerheads will be specified to all sanitary fixtures.

● Timed 5 minute showers within all bathrooms.

● Very high water efficient dishwasher and tapware in commercial kitchens and tenancy

kitchens

● Rainwater will be collected from all roofs and stored in tanks to supply potable water to

sinks, wash hand basins, showers and drinking water outlets. Bore water will potentially be

used to top up the rainwater systems. If bore water is unavailable, mains water will only be

used when the rainwater tanks are at low level during prolonged dry periods.

● Use of drought tolerant planting.

All water supplies will be separately metered to allow monitoring for water consumption and leak

detection.

We have assessed peak daily water consumption for the 42-48 Ponsonby Rd development as being

in the order of 11-12m3 per day (excluding irrigation).

5.2 Potable Water

A rainwater harvesting system will utilise best design practice to minimise dirt and leaf collection

and disturbance of sedimentation within the collection tank.

Following collection, the rainwater will pass through a series of micro filters and UV treatment prior

to delivery to potable water sanitary fixtures. Water will be delivered to NZ drinking water

standards.

By storing as much rainwater as possible on site, the demand of 42-48 Ponsonby Rd on the

Watercare mains water network will be significantly reduced.


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6. HEALTH & HAPPINNESS

Our built environment can impact on our health and wellbeing in several ways;

1. The ability to maintain or prevent neighbouring properties from daylight, solar access for

their own use.

2. The pollution and toxins emitted during the course of the manufacture and fabrication

of our building materials

3. The pollution and toxins emitted during the construction and use of the building.

As part of the analysis of the development Patterson Architects have assessed the effects of the

buildings and solar array not only on each other but with consideration of the neighbouring

properties. Details of this can be found in the Resource Consent package provided by Patterson

Architects Ltd.

6.1 Healthy Indoor Environment

Toxins and pollution caused during the manufacturing process can impact not just the occupants of

the finished buildings but the people working in the manufacturing factory and the community living

around the factory.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s) are a significant contributor to health and wellbeing within our

built environments and so the Living Building Challenge calls for the elimination of VOC’s in liquid

applied products and also to ensure low VOC materials are selected for all other products used in the

buildings.

6.1.1 Internal Finishes

Paints, carpets and furnishings are a major contributor to poor air quality in newly completed or

refurbished buildings due to the high levels of chemical emissions within the fabrics, glues or paint

base.

Where possible, natural oils or zero VOC paints will be used as finishes. Paints will be selected to be

water based or of a natural resin base where possible. Paint sources will require to be certified

under the NZ Environmental Choice programme. Research will be required prior to specification to

determine comparative durability of the alternative products to standard industry products.

Should intumescent coatings be required, these will be selected to be the lowest VOC possible.

Sealant and adhesives will be reduced/eliminated as much as possible through the use of mechanical

jointing.

Floor finishes are intended to be predominantly hard surfaces. Fabrics and floor covers used within

the project will be selected to minimise/eliminate VOCs.


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All construction finishes and products will be selected as far as possible to be manufactured within

New Zealand to again minimise the embodied energy of the building materials and ecological

footprint of the development as a whole.

Air quality testing will be undertaken at completion of the project construction.

6.3 Biophilic Environment

Biophilia is the study of the innate connection of the human brain to nature’s shapes and forms.

As an animal species, we have lost some of our connection to nature over the last century and we

have entered a “period of disconnect.” However the human species is an animal, and as such we do

have an innate attraction and connection to anything that mimics nature in its form or function.

The Living Building Challenge asks us to reconnect and provide the visitors and occupants of our

buildings with neurological stimulation through integrated forms and sensory experiences identified

in the theories of Biophillia. Conscious consideration of Biophillia should change or inform the final

design of the site and buildings.

We will be looking to undertake a beauty and Biophillia workshop with the design team to work

through how we might successfully incorporate the six elements of Biophillia into the project.


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7. BUILDING MATERIALS

7.1 Red List

The project aims to provide a safe and healthy environment through the use of natural or salvaged

building materials as much as possible. The building industry is a significant contributor to the

persistent use of chemicals and products which are considered “worst in class” for their impact on

human and environmental health. This does not just consider the health of the people working and

visiting the development but the health of the people working in the manufacturing process and the

community living adjacent to the manufacturing location.

The Living Building Challenge defines a “Red List” of 22 chemicals or products which, through

research, are considered to be “worst in class” in the construction industry at this time and project

teams must endeavour to eliminate all 22 chemicals from all materials and products used within the

project unless provided with an exception.

Products such as PVC produce dioxins as part of the manufacturing process which is a known

carcinogen.

Halogenated Flame Retardants (HFR’s) are a bio-accumulative toxin and can severely affect human

and animal health. HFR’s are prevalent in construction products and furnishings.

Phthalates, another identified chemical commonly found in building products severely affects

reproductive health.


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Formaldehyde, a human carcinogen is commonly found in timber such as plywood, composite wood

products, insulation and soft finishes. In timber, a natural alternative has been found to be vinegar!

The evidence is so overwhelming that we must advocate for the elimination of these 20 known

chemicals and materials from all products used within construction industry. As part of advocacy we

must push for research and look to natures solutions to find a natural alternative to these toxic

chemicals.

As part of this development, we are aiming to use building products that we know do not use these

“red list” chemicals. Sometimes, in complex products such as building services equipment it is

difficult to avoid the red list chemicals. In a situation such as this, we will advocate for elimination in

the future.

7.2 Carbon Footprint

The Living Building Challenge asks us to consider embodied energy through the preferential

specification of local products over globally sourced products and through undertaking a carbon

calculation for the buildings.

In order to minimise the carbon footprint of 42-48 Ponsonby Rd we must consider both the carbon

emissions from operational energy consumption and through the materials specified for

construction.

Again, the preferential use of natural materials such as timber or salvaged materials will significantly

reduce the embodied carbon footprint of the development.

The four primary construction materials intended to be used are;

● Timber

● Recycled copper

● In situ Concrete

● Double glazing, low E with Argon.

We will assist the Architects in the recommendation and selection of environmentally responsible

building materials including choice of dimensional timber sourced from FSC certified mills/forests

and selection to minimize and eliminate the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from

carpets, paints, etc.

7.3 Environmental Construction

An environmental management plan (EMP) will be developed for the Construction phase to limit

health risks to the workmen on site, pollution in proximity of the site and to minimise quantities of

waste from the building site discharged into the utility infrastructure and landfill.

Particularly, we will assess the impacts of the site on air, noise, water and soil pollution with regard

to the proximity of the site to the neighbouring properties.


Rev 1 24

A waste management plan and recycling plan will form part of the Construction EMP. The plan will

address reduction of construction waste to landfill, operational waste management and end of life

disposal and recycling.

On site separation of waste streams will be preferred during construction to accurately assess

quantities of diverted waste types.

In addition, we will incorporate into the landscape design areas for general and recycled waste

collection and composting of organic kitchen and landscape waste.

7.3.1 Environmental FF & E

Internal room finishes will be sourced from manufacturers operating a sustainable product range

and environmental policy.

7.3.2 Purchasing and Chemical Use

An environmental management plan and procurement plan will be developed for the operation of

42-48 Ponsonby Rd in conjunction with Samson Corporation Ltd.

7.4 Social Sustainability

Special consideration will be given to procurement of local products and employment of local

resources.


Rev 1 25

8. EQUITY

8.1 Design for Accessibility

It is the intention that the development will be able to cater for all visitors regardless of physical

ability. The buildings and site will be designed to comply with the NZBC and will also be required to

comply with the ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) for compliance with the Living Building

Challenge.

The NZBC meets the requirements of the ADA in many aspects however there will be small

modifications required to meet the ADA which will take the design of the development for people

with disability to a standard above that of the NZBC.

8.2 Access to Nature and Place

Pathways will also be provided around the site and connecting to the streetscapes to allow for

exploration and discovery. Artwork and areas for refuge, social interaction, rest and contemplation

will be incorporated into the landscape design.

8.3 Human scale and Humane places

The Living Building Challenge asks us to change the paradigm of design from monolithic automobile

focused spaces (expanses of car parking dominating landscapes) to public places that are more

focused on pedestrian access and pedestrian transportation whilst being designed to maintain more

human scaled proportions of landscape.

Discrete signage will be provided for way finding and for interpretive/educational uses. In all cases,

the size of the signage will be appropriate for the location, function and place.


Rev 1 26

9. BEAUTY

Living Buildings should “lift the human spirit” through beauty and inspiration. Opportunities will

exist for visual beauty and more intangible sensory experiences of beauty throughout 42-48

Ponsonby Rd. This specific objective of the project will be explored further through design

development and including a beauty and biophilia team workshop.

9.1 Beauty and Spirit

The landscape and buildings will be designed to reflect and celebrate the local Ponsonby community,

spirit and place through design and use of appropriate materials, landscape design, building design

and artwork.

Local crafts persons and artists will be utilised where appropriate to integrate into the project at all

levels.

9.2 Inspiration and Education

Living Buildings inherently become beacons within the community for demonstrating a paradigm

shift in how we build and occupy our built environment. Living Buildings completed within New

Zealand have experienced the overwhelming demand from the public and industry for tours and

educational data.

This project provides the opportunity for providing this information to a completely new building

typology from any currently undertaken in New Zealand in a central business district location.

During the design we will discuss opportunities for the production of educational materials about

the design, operation and performance of the project and how that might be shared to enable

tenants, visitors and public alike to share successful solutions and to motivate others to make

change.

Educational material may be available in a number of different formats and media;

● Display panels located in public areas to provide information on the sustainable aspects of

the building design such as energy efficiency measures, design decisions and materials that

have been selected on behalf of the environment.

● An energy and water consumption “dashboard” will provide real time data on energy

generation, storage and consumption and water consumption.

● Tenancy Energy management systems to enable tenants to make personal choices within

their office space and be able to see the impact of their own personal contribution to energy

efficiency around the site.

● Project/Samson Corporation website.

● Public open days will provide opportunities for further discussion and learning.

● A case study for the project will be posted on the International Living Future website.


Rev 1 27

The aim will be that tenants, public and visitors can explore as little or as much into the detail of the

sustainable design elements as they wish.


Rev 1 28

APPENDIX

Appendix A Living Building Challenge Matrix

Appendix B Monocrystalene Photovoltaic Panel datasheet & reflectivity report

Appendix C Archimedies Wind turbine datasheet

Appendix D The Bullitt Centre Factsheet

APPENDIX A

Living Building Challenge Matrix

Sustainability Brief LBC 3.1 feasibility overview matrix 181217.xlsx LBC 3.1 Design Strategies

1

Goals & suggested design strategies for 42-48 Ponsonby RoadLiving Building Challenge Version 3.1

Tricia Love Consultants Ltd

Transect Estimate L6 - Urban Core Zone 18/12/17

PLACE Design Strategies Energy Efficiency

Low Embodied Energy

Water Conservation

Health and Comfort

Waste minimisation

Low Pollutant Emissions

Durability & Resilience

Community Included in design?

Limits to Growth Previously developed greyfield site with historic building retained

yes

Design for 1 in 100 year flood event

tbc

Freeboard for FFL above FGL?

tbc

Integrate landscape with surrounding eco systems

yes

Assessment of current and pre-development site conditions

yes

Restore existing ecology/native planting suitable to local environs

yes

Urban Agriculture 1% urban agriculture requirement which equates to 14m2

yes

On site composting yes. Space allocated for Hungry Bins

No petrochemical fertilizers or pesticides to be used yes

Use of garden produce in restaurant/given for use to tenants/community

yes

Habitat Exchange Offset to local conservation programme. Ensure programme meets Land Trust Standards.

yes

Human Powered Living Weather protected bike storage for at least 15% of permanent building occupants

yes

Restricted car parking yesWeather protected street frontages

yes

Promote stairs as the main means of accessing upper floors

yes

If compliant with accessibility requirements, include a ramp ather than a lift

yes

Requirement for tenant employers to provide a transit subsidy

tbc

Electric vehicle charging tbcGood access to local bike lanes

yes

Excellent access to public transport

yes

WATER Design Strategies Energy Efficiency

Low Embodied Energy

Water Conservation

Health and Comfort

Waste minimisation




Creating water independant sites

Review of pre development site conditions yes

Water efficient sanitary fixtures

yes. Compost toilets could be considered but maybe too high a maintenance factor for Client

Blackwater treatment and disposal on site

tbc - sufficient area for treatment plant and regulatory hurdles to get through.

Greywater recycling to supply general w.c's and irrigation

yes - pending on sufficient dispersal area/reuse demand

Maximise rainwater collection from site for potable water

yes

Use of bore water as top up for rainwater tank

tbc - Site investigation required for feasibility of a bore.

Review of 1 in 100yr storm event - stormwater drainage management on site

yes

Water metering, leak detection & reporting

yes


2

Timed showers to reduce water consumption

yes

ENERGY Design Strategies Energy Efficiency

Low Embodied Energy

Water Conservation

Health and Comfort

Waste minimisation




Net Positive Energy Well insulated thermally broken construction

yes

Natural ventilation and shading, with supplemental fresh air/MVHR for winter and meeting rooms

yes

Optimally sized performance glazed windows selected to optimise daylight penetration and minimise heat loss

yes

Airtight construction to Passivehaus standards

yes

Grid connected photovoltaic system

yes, but limited area available to energy usage needs to be significantly reduce over typical office building

wind turbine generation can be investigated to supplement PV in Winter but financial pay back for small scale turbines are estimated to be higher than PV. Also Resource consent issues with wind turbines

Battery energy storage system to provide back-up

yes. Plant space allowance required

High efficiency lighting - LED's

yes

Smart lighting control - daylight dimming, occupancy sensors

yes

High efficiency mechanical systems

yes

Electric car charging stations yesEnergy metering, sub metering of majorenergy sources, monitoring and reporting

yes

Monitor, reduce and eliminate "phantom" loads

yes

HEALTH & HAPPINESS

Design Strategies Energy Efficiency

Low Embodied Energy

Water Conservation

Health and Comfort

Waste minimisation




Civilized Environment Natural ventilation and shading yes

Optimally sized and located performance glazed windows

yes

Light wells to provide daylight along the east and south sides of the building

yes

Solar access and design for passive solar heating

yes

position non regularly occupied spaces (eg utility spaces, breakout spaces and cirulation spaces) in areas not within direct access to fresh air and daylight.

yes

Healthy Interior Environment

Low VOC finishes, building products and furniture

yes

Dirt track in systems yesMechanical extract to kitchens, toilets, showers and cleaners cupboards

yes

Require tenants to have an environmental procurement policy for consumables and cleaning products

yes

Minimise finishes, with a preference for natural finishes over chemical finishes where used

yes

Biophillic Environment Undertake a Biophillia workshop and create a Biophillia framework and plan for the whole project

yes

Incorporate natures patterns into design

yes

Design for connection to place, climate & local history and culture

yes


3

Use of local traditional skills/crafts

yes

MATERIALS Design Strategies Energy Efficiency

Low Embodied Energy

Water Conservation

Health and Comfort

Waste minimisation




Red List Use Red List free products where possible yes

Use natural products over manufactured products where possible

yes

Use salvaged/recycled products where possible yes

Avoid CCA timber treatment, use Boron or ACQ/MCQ yes

Keep materials palette simple

yes

Embodied Carbon Footprint

Use timber for structure if possible (use as much timber as possible!) to reduce carbon footprint of project

yes

Minimise use of high embodied carbon materials such as steel as much as possible

cladding will be potentially high embodied energy

Offset the total embodied carbon from the construction

yes

Responsible Industry Use salvaged or FSC timber yesAll millers to be FSC COC certified yes

Use one DECLARE product for every 500m2 of GFA yes

Living Economy Sourcing

Use locally sourced/local manufacturers when possible

yes

Use local trades and crafts if appropriate yes

Preference local materials over international materials if quality and performance are equal or better

yes

Net Positive Waste Implement waste management plan & environmental management plan

yes

Design for dissassembly - mechanical structural junctions preferred

yes

Eliminate use of glues and adhesives in building superstructure and finishes as much as possible

yes

Efficient material use/consideration of modular design to minimise offcuts and waste

yes

Investigate local recycling systems yes

investigate suppliers/manufacturers with a take back/offcut recycling scheme

yes

Compost organic recycling yes

EQUITY Design Strategies Energy Efficiency

Low Embodied Energy

Water Conservation

Health and Comfort

Waste minimisation




Human scale & Humane Places

Create human scaled landscape

yes

Communal gathering space yesProvide spaces to stop and reflect - benches, etc yes

Comply with LBC signage requirements yes

Universal Access to Nature & Place

Public facilities to be available to all yes

Design for disabled access. Disabled access review to be undertaken in conjunction with ADA and NZBC

yes

Provide disabled car park spaces

yes

Design so adjacent building roadside facades and roof tops have access to sunlight in accordance with LBC requirements

tbc


4

Equitable Investment Monetary contribution to registered charity yes

JUST organisations one project team member organisation to be JUST certified

yes

BEAUTY Design Strategies Energy Efficiency

Low Embodied Energy

Water Conservation

Health and Comfort

Waste minimisation




Beauty & Spirit Landscape and buildings to reflect and celebrate local community, spirit and place through design and appropriate materials

yes

Integrate local/NZ artwork yesIntegrate childrens ideas into building/landscape design

yes

Inspiration & Education

Create educational website/facebook page? yes

Provide a Living Building Challenge Case Study

yes

Create educational brochure/Building user Guide

yes

Monitor and communicate energy and water consumptions on site via dashboard

yes

Incorporate on site methods for education - Q codes, leaflets, information touch screen etc

yes

Hold open days and educational events/courses yes

indicates the design strategy impacts positively on the goal

indicates the design strategy has a negative impact on the goal

APPENDIX B

Photovoltaic Panels

Monocrystalene Reflectivity Report

Appendix 5: PV Module Laboratory

Reflecting Measurements and Comparison Analysis with Other Reflecting Surfaces

1

PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE LABORATORY REFLECTIVITY MEASUREMENTS AND

COMPARISON ANALYSIS WITH OTHER REFLECTING SURFACES

C Protogeropoulos1 and A Zachariou2

1Phoenix Solar EPE

104 Pentelis Av. & Metamorphoseos Str. 1, Halandri 152 34, Athens, Greece

Tel.: +30 210 6838386, FAX: +30 210 6838361, eMail: [email protected]

2Energy Solutions SA

1, Vladaisko Vastanie Str., 2304 Pernik, Bulgaria

Tel.: +359 76 681472, FAX: +359 76 681474, eMail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT: ...

Keywords: Reflectivity – 1; Optical Properties – 2; Light Trapping – 3 1 INTRODUCTION In recent legislative measures concerning environmental matters, the issue of PV module reflectivity under direct sunlight has been discussed. Practically, this could become a major barrier for the development of PV systems, especially in “sensitive” areas, such as civil and military airports etc. In the past, certain concerns on the reflectivity levels of PV modules have been reported by aviation authorities, environmental organisations etc. 2. Approach

A laboratory set up was arranged and reflectivity measurements on the surface of crystalline silicon PV module samples were performed at the experimental facilities of CRES. The measurements were done using dedicated instruments of very high accuracy and focused on the visible light wavelength, i.e. 350nm to 750nm. For comparison purposes, reflectivity measurements were also performed on surfaces of other commonly used materials, such as car paint, windshield etc. 3. Scientific Innovation and Relevance

At large angles of incidence, when reflectivity is maximised, PV modules show advantageous behaviour due to the high absorption compared to other surfaces like car windshields and paints. Particularly, at 00 incidence angle, a typical PV module reflectance was measured less than 10% for most of the visible range, while silver and grey metallic paint would reflect over 60% and 50% of the light respectively. At the extreme of 800 angle of incidence of the light source, metallic paints reflect back more than 70% and 80% of the incident light, depending on the colour, while an ordinary car windshield reflects 45% on average. In the visible range and the same angle, PVs have optimum optical characteristics and the average reflectivity level was measured below 30% for most wavelengths. The reflectivity measurements from the PV module samples used for the measurements at CRES were compared and found to be in accordance with published measurements from other research institutions performing similar work. 5. Results and Conclusions

2

Laboratory Equipment and Set up

Figure1 Perklin-Elmer Lambda 9/19 Spectrometer

Figure 2 Details of the Labsphere RSA-PE-19 Reflectance Spectroscopy Accessory and the Spectralon Integrating Sphere

3

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Figure 3 Samples that were used for the reflectivity measurements

(a): c-Si PV module (b): car windscreen (c): silver metallic paint (d): graphite metallic paint

Figure 4 Sample of a piece from a PV module during the reflectivity measurement

Figure 5 Radiation angle r on a surface with respect to the vertical

r

Light Source Observer

4

Figure 6 Cross section of a PV module: reflectance mechanism

Texturised Glass

Back Surface (glass/tedlar)

Photovoltaic Cell

5

Main Results

Figure 7 Reflectivity of a PV module

Figure 8 Reflectivity of a car windscreen

Figure 9 Reflectivity of a silver metallic paint

6

Figure 10 Reflectivity of a graphite metallic paint

Figure 11 Reflectivity of several surfaces at 0o incident radiation

Figure 12 Reflectivity of several surfaces at 80o incident radiation

CONCLUSIONS The results proved that the reflections coming from PV modules are significantly less intense than others resulting from the surrounding constructions or objects, particularly those coming from vehicles as well as, other commonly used materials.

7

5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The scientific work presented in this paper was performed by the two authors in 2002 during their employment at CRES – Centre for Renewable Energy Sources, Department of Photovoltaic & Hybrid Systems, see details in www.cres.gr. All laboratory equipment and devices used for the determination of the reflectivity levels of the surfaces under evaluation belong to CRES. The relevant report No is: CRES–PV–002/2002 (in Greek). REFERENCES [1]. A Parretta, A Samo and H Yakubu, “A novel apparatus for the optical characterisation of solar cells and PV modules”, Proceedings 2nd World Conference & Exhibition on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion, Vienna, Austria, pp. 2306−2311 (1998) [2]. N Martin and J M Ruiz, “Optical losses analysis of PV modules in real operating conditions”, Proceedings 2nd World Conference & Exhibition on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion, Vienna, Austria, pp. 2380−2383 (1998) [3]. A Parretta, H Yakubu and F Ferrazza, “Method for measurement of the hemispherical / hemispherical reflectance of photovoltaic devices”, Optical Communications 194, pp. 17−32 (2001) [4]. A Parretta, A Sarno, P Tortora, H Yakubu, P Maddalena, J Zhao and A Wang, “Angle-dependent reflectance measurements on photovoltaic materials and solar cells” , Optical Communications 172, pp. 139−151 (1999)

APPENDIX C

Archimedes Wind Turbine datasheet

AWM 카다록-영문(9.15) 2015.9.17 9:35 AM 페이지1 MAC-6

AWM 카다록-영문(9.15) 2015.9.17 10:56 AM 페이지2 MAC-6

APPENDIX D

The Bullitt Centre Factsheet

THE BULLITT CENTER | Completion Fall 2012 | www.bullittcenter.org

Overview

Buildings account for an estimated 39% of carbon dioxide emissions, 65% of waste and 70% of electrical use in the United States. In the Pacific Northwest, a changing climate is already shifting our use of water, energy and other natural resources. To address this reality, the Bullitt Center in Seattle, WA will demonstrate what is possible today and inspire tomorrow’s leaders to go even farther. As the first urban structure of its kind, the Bullitt Center is inherently about learning and discovery. From building design and the interactive resource center to the new community green-space, the Bullitt Center will be a place for people to gather and learn about green building and urban sustainability. And it will serve as a highly visible example of what’s possible when a team of people come together to advance uncommon wisdom. Features shaping the Bullitt Center include the following:

• Living Building: The 6-story, 52,000 sq. ft. building is the nation’s first urban mid-rise commercial project to meet the rigorous goals of the Living Building Challenge, the most ambitious benchmark of sustainability in the built environment.

• Teaching Building: The lower floor of the building, fronting 15th Avenue and McGilvra Place, will

house the Center for Energy & Urban Ecology. Programmed by nonprofit and public agency partners, including the University of Washington’s College of Built Environments, the Center will feature an open resource library, classrooms, exhibition space and a research laboratory dedicated to the training of pioneers who will lead our green economy.

• Innovative green technology: Net-zero energy use with 100% onsite renewable energy

generation from the latest photovoltaic technology, water needs provided by harvested rainwater, onsite waste management, a safe, naturally day-lit and ventilated work environment for all workers, and built to last 250 years.

• Commercial Building Pilot Project: As the first project of its kind, the Bullitt Center is breaking

new ground with respect to codes and building practices. In partnership with the City of Seattle, the project is the first to participate in the Living Building Pilot Program, designed to identify current barriers to sustainability and leverage learning for future building projects.

• Community green: Through the transformation of McGilvra Place and the adjacent street, the

neighborhood will gain valuable green space. And with native plant restoration, bio-swales and pervious pavement, stormwater runoff will be retained onsite, reducing pollutants that endanger the health of Puget Sound


Team

Bullitt Foundation Owner www.bullitt.org Point32 Developer www.point32.com The Miller Hull Partnership Architect www.millerhull.com Schuchart General Contractor www.schuchart.com PAE Consulting Engineers Mechanical and Electrical Engineers www.pae-engineers.com DCI Engineers Structural Engineers www.dci-engineers.com RDH Building Envelope Consultants Building Envelope Consultant www.rdhbe.com 2020 Engineering Water System Engineer www.2020engineering.com

Solar Design Associates, Inc. Energy Consultant www.solardesign.com Springline Design Civil Engineers www.springlinellc.com Berger Partnership Landscape Architect www.bergerpartnership.com Integrated Design Lab | Puget Sound College of Built Environments, UW Lighting Consultants www.integrateddesignlab.com/Seattle CT Engineering Inc. Shoring Design www.ctengineering.com Bush, Roed & Hitchings, Inc. Surveyor www.brhinc.com Terracon Geotechnical Engineer www.terracon.com


Frequently Asked Questions

Why will the Bullitt Center be the world’s greenest commercial building? Denis Hayes, president and CEO of the Bullitt Foundation, has said the Bullitt Center is “a bold attempt to do everything right.” As the first urban in-fill commercial building that is seeking Living Building certification, the Bullitt Center is pushing the leading edge of performance-based design. Net-zero energy, net-zero water, onsite treatment of sewage and exclusion of many common “Red List” materials are just some reasons the Bullitt Center is innovative. But our sincere hope is that in a few years, many other buildings have surpassed the standard being set by the Bullitt Center. What is the Living Building Challenge? The Living Building Challenge is a philosophy, advocacy platform and certification program that defines priorities on a technical level and as a set of core values. The purpose of the Challenge is to engage the building industry in deep conversations about understanding and solving problems. The Living Building Challenge consists of seven performance areas (Site, Water, Energy, Health, Materials, Equity and Beauty) that are subdivided into twenty “imperatives”. For more information visit www.ilbi.org. Why is the Bullitt Foundation building the Bullitt Center? The era of cheap abundant energy, plentiful fresh water, and localized impacts of human activities is over. Humans now affect every corner of the planet. Yet virtually no new buildings – even “green buildings – are being built to function harmoniously in the conditions we know will prevail. The Bullitt Center is being designed to still make sense 250 years from now. And it is being built to ease barriers for projects yet to come. The first Prius cost more than the 10,000th. But before you can build the 10,000th of anything, you need to build the first. What are the educational opportunities related to the Bullitt Center? Throughout construction, the Bullitt Center team is documenting lessons learned and sharing these with the green building community. For example, identifying products that avoid “Red List” materials is an arduous and time-consuming task. And it is work that will not need to be repeated in future projects. In addition, the Center for Energy and Urban Ecology, which will be located on the ground floor of the Bullitt Center, will be a nexus for urban sustainability in the Pacific Northwest and beyond. Created in partnership with the University of Washington’s Integrated Design Lab and the Cascadia Green Building Council, the Center will serve as a learning laboratory for green design and energy efficiency.


By the Numbers

52,000 square feet: Building gross floor area

250 years: Lifespan of the building

70 kBtu / sq. ft. / year (1,077,000 KWH / year): Total energy use by typical existing Seattle office building

16 kBtu / sq. ft. / year (230,000 KWH / year): Total energy use in the Bullitt Center

16 kBtu / sq. ft. / year (230,000 KWH / year): Total energy generation by onsite 242 KW photovoltaic (PV) array

14,303 square feet: Area of 242 KW PV array on the roof of the Bullitt Center

44,752 square feet: Area of PV array needed for a conventional building built to Seattle’s current code

82 percent: Amount of the building that is naturally day-lit

100 percent: Amount of the building perimeter spaces that can be ventilated or cooled with operable windows

400 feet: Depth of geothermal wells used to heat and cool the building

26: Number of geothermal wells

56,000 gallons: Size of the cistern in the basement to capture rainwater

362: Number of common hazardous “Red List” materials avoided in the Bullitt Center

21: Number of bus routes within ! mile

24: Number of Zipcars within ! mile

98 of 100: Walk Score (www.walkscore.com) for 1501 E. Madison Street, where the Bullitt Center is located

300 miles: Radius for purchasing all steel, concrete, and other heavy materials

600 miles: Radius for purchasing all wood

160: Approximate number of construction jobs created

$30 million: Total project cost

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