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Whr do h

no h oolk?

1. Addressing social and equityimpacts o climate change

2. Reducing vulnerability

3. Eai coities

4. Building resilience

LiveabLe & Just

Engaging communities:Tips or efective and inclusive

climate change communityengagement

3

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This toolkit has been prepared by Taegen Edwards and Proessor John

Wiseman o the McCaughey Centre: VicHealth Centre or the Promotion

o Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School o

Population Health, University o Melbourne.

2

What is community engagement on climate change?›

Why is eective community engagement important?›

Useul resources or planning eective engagement strategies›

Tips or successul community engagement on climate change›

Example engagement techniques specic to climate change›

Case studies›

Local government internal engagement on climate change›

 Strategies to address common challenges in community›

engagement on climate change

Checklist: Are you being strategic?›

5 quick and easy community engagement ideas›

Top resources and links or more inormation›

Community engagement on climate change can be broadly

dened as:

 Any planned process with the specifc purpose o working

with identifed groups o people, whether they are connected 

by geographic location, special interest or afliation, to enable

inormed discussion and action to meet the challenges o 

climate change.

For local government, engaging communities on climate change can

reer to a wide range o activities undertaken or a wide range o

purposes, some o which include:

 Seeki coity ipt› into council decisions, policies,

strategies and action plans, or having local citizens participate

in community climate change committees

 ›

Helpi citizes derstad what climate change means orthem and the local area – including impacts on their amilies and

communities and actions they can take in response

 › Helpi local oerets derstad what climate change

means or citizens and communities and the sorts o actions that

might be required

 › Proidi ispiratio ad ioli citizes in actions to

reduce emissions or prepare or the impacts o climate change.

It is critical that the specic purpose o any engagement process is

clearly dened rom the outset, as the choice o technique and other

aspects o designing an eective engagement strategy will depend

on the purpose.

Eective community engagement can strengthen the outcomes

o local government climate change policies and programs by:

Contributing to inormed consideration o climate change›

trends, impacts and implications

Strengthening public support or councils to act on›

climate change

 Broadening and deepening input into council policies and plans›

 Assisting in development o climate change mitigation and›

adaptation strategies

 Inorming locally owned, tailored and sustainable decisions,›

actions, structures and networks

 Encouraging social innovation and skill sharing, inormed by›

local knowledgeEective community engagement strategies can also:

Promote trust between local governments and their communities›

 Promote a sense o shared community responsibility in›

responding to climate change

 Ensure local government decisions and strategies or responding›

to climate change are relevant to local people

 Strengthen the likelihood that local government climate change›

responses are well understood and receive broad support

Wh’ nd? Wh commnynggmn onclm chng?

Why fc commnynggmn mporn?

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3

Community engagement covers a very broad range o activities

and there are many resources available to help guide people through

the development o good engagement strategies or their speciccontext and purpose.

One useul tool or understanding dierent levels o engagement

(eatured opposite) is the public participation spectrum developed

or government and industry engagement practitioners by the

International Association or Public Participation (IAP2). Within this

model dierent levels o engagement are appropriate or dierent

activities or phases o an engagement strategy.

Another useul resource oering detailed guidance or designing

an eective engagement strategy is the Department o

Sustainability and Environment’s Eective Engagement Toolkit.

 

Featre Resorce

Eectie Eaeet Toolkit, Departet o Sstaiailityad Eiroet (DSE)

DSE’s toolkit, Eective Engagement: Building relationships with

community and other stakeholders is a set o three books which

bring together comprehensive inormation or those wanting to

put engagement into practice or a range o dierent purposes

and audiences. The rst two books provide useul inormation

about critical elements and underlying principles o community

engagement, step-by-step guides to planning and implementing

your engagement strategy as well as useul templates and case

studies. The third book, The Engagement Toolkit , contains

descriptions, methods and practical inormation about almost

70 dierent engagement techniques.

ACCESS the TOOLKIT at:

www.dse.vic.gov.au/dse/wcmn203.ns/childdocs/-

77F54463EE8D06B3CA257036001508E7-A5E28FFDBEF43DD6CA2

5707C0014FA62?open

Featre Tool

Iteratioal Associatio o Plic Participatio (IAP2)

Plic Participatio Spectr: See www.iap2.org.au 

InCREASIng LEvEL OF PubLIC ImPACT

Ior Coslt Iole Collaorate Epower

PlicParticipatio goal

PlicParticipatio goal

PlicParticipatio goal

PlicParticipatio goal

PlicParticipatio goal

To provide the public

with balanced and

objective inormation

and to assist them in

understanding the

problems, alternativesand/or solutions.

To obtain public eedback

on analysis, alternatives

and/or decisions.

To work directly with

the public throughout

the process to ensure

that public concerns

and aspirations are

consistently understoodand considered.

To partner with the

public in each aspect o

the decision, including

the development o

alternatives and the

identication o thepreerred solution.

To place nal decision-

making in the hands

o the public.

Proise to the Plic Proise to the Plic Proise to the Plic Proise to the Plic Proise to the Plic

We will keep

you inormed.

We will keep you

inormed, listen and

acknowledge concerns

and provide eedback

on how public input

infuenced the decision.

We will work with you

to ensure that your

concerns and aspirations

are directly refected

in the alternatives

developed and provide

eedback on how

public input infuenced

the decision.

We will look to you

or direct advice and

innovation in ormulating

solutions and incorporate

your advice and

recommendations

into the decisions

to the maximum

extent possible.

We will implement

what you decide.

Exaple Tools Exaple Tools Exaple Tools Exaple Tools Exaple Tools

act sheets›

web sites›

open houses›

public comment›

ocus groups›

surveys›

public meetings›

workshops›

deliberate polling›

 citizen advisory›

committees

consensus-building›

 participatory›

decision-making

citizen juries›

ballots›

delegated decisions›

International Association o Public Participation (2004)

ul rorcor plnnng fcnggmn rg

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4

Below are some tips or approaches to take or things to keep in mind when designing strategies or

engaging with dierent audiences on climate change. These tips refect an overarching need to listen

to, empathise and understand the interests and concerns or those you plan to engage.

tp or ccl commnynggmn on clm chng

make cliate chae releat ad local

Familiarity with local issues and concerns is helpul in order to communicate about climate

change in a way that is considered relevant by those you seek to engage.

Some ways to do this could include:

Discussing the direct impacts on them. E.g. how will it aect people’s everyday lives, leisure›

activities? How much will it cost amilies?

Discussing the opportunities they have to benet rom taking action on climate change.›

E.g. saving money through energy eciency

Linking to people’s persistent concerns. E.g. health, their children’s uture.›

 Sometimes making it ‘local’ means not talking about climate change at all, but about related

issues, or example, air pollution, cost savings, trac congestion, ood prices, healthy liestyle

choices and so on.

be clear aot the prpose ad ‘proise’

Clearly dene at the outset what you hope to achieve by engaging the particular target audience.

This will help you decide the best method or technique to use. Also ensure you are up ront about

what those you engage should expect rom the process. For example, i you are getting their input,

make sure you are clear about how that input will be incorporated.

make the eaeet accessile

Arrange your engagement around places

and events where people eel comortable.

Address practical barriers such as language,

transport, space and skills.

Tailor esseers to yortaret adieces

Think about who is best able to connect with

those you want to engage. For example, while

a scientist might be best at explaining the

physical impacts, a respected local community

member might do a better job o inspiring

action. Build on existing networks and trusted

sources o inormation.

use isal tools ad appealto iaiatio ad eotio

Empathy and imagination are powerul tools.

Telling stories, using metaphors and using

visual tools (art, lms, photos etc) are great

ways to attract and hold people’s attention.

be positie ad soltios-orieted

Create a sense that actions can contribute

eectively to a solution. Have specic ideas

o what people can do and how to do it.

Spport ad work with those already ahead o the packLocal community groups concerned about climate change have sprung up in many areas.

These groups are generally run by volunteers and many o them have shared aims with council.

Ways that council can support and develop good relationships with these groups include: partnering

to run local events, in-kind support (providing ree oce or meeting space and printing materials),

nancial support (community grants) or appointing representatives to positions on council advisory

committees. Where these groups do not exist or are not strong – council can play a role, directly

or indirectly, in acilitating their ormation by bringing together concerned and motivated people

within the community.

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5

Wch o or…

Creati ear withot ‘aecy’

Contemplating the impacts o climate change is rightening

or many people. Beware o leaving people overwhelmed

or depressed. Fear can also lead to apathy i individuals have

no way o acting in response to the threat.

Agency is created when people:

know what to do;›

decide or themselves to do it;›

have access to the inrastructure in which to act; and›

understand that their contribution is important.›

Give people practical things they can do or groups or networks

they can link into and try to leave them with reasons or hopeand positivity.

Oly worki with the people it is easiest to work with

It is generally much easier to attract input and involvement rom

people or groups that are already highly engaged and passionate

about a particular issue. While it is valuable to work with these

people it is important to ensure the diversity o any given

community is recognised and refected in engagement processes.

With climate change, as with many other issues that aect all

o us, it is critical to reach beyond the ‘usual suspects’ to members

o the community that may seem disinterested or unaware.

maki assptios aot how people eel, howkowledeale they are aot cliate chae or how

well-eqipped they are to ake chaes.

Listening to the needs, thoughts, concerns and ideas o

those you are trying to engage is critical to any community

engagement process.

Assi eai people o cliate chae is jstaot ii people ore ioratio

Inormation is critical or people to understand climate change,

but it is oten not enough or people to ully engage with or care

about it. Avoid the trap o thinking that the only reason people

do not take action or seem highly concerned is because they

don’t know enough about the issue.

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exmpl nggmnchnq pcco clm chng

Techiqe Exaple project ad lik or ore ioratio

Awareness-raising and sustainability behaviour change programs Castleaie 500

www.myhomemyplanet.org.au/castlemaine/index.html

Kitchen table conversations about sustainability beechworth Sstaiaility

www.beechworthsustainability.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=71:kitchen-table-conversations&catid=38:home-

energy-audit&Itemid=67

Visioning and scenarios workshops about dierent climate

change utures

Hailto Scearios mappi ad Local Ftre narraties - RmIT gloalis Istitte

http://rmit.com.au/browse;ID=90esk0wyyj33

Targeted programs or schools, sporting and other community

groups to reduce emissions

Plaet Saers at Schools

www.negha.org.au/projects/Planet.Savers.at.School.htm

Kicki goals or the Eiroetwww.negha.org.au/projects/Kicking.Goals.or.the.Environment.htm

Community-based gardening events Peralitzes

www.permablitz.net/ 

Deliberative orums – involving a randomly selected,

representative sample o the population

nSW Coity Cliate Sit - natre Coseratio Cocil o nSW

http://nccnsw.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogsection&id=38&Itemid=1112

Workplace sustainability – e-newsletters and simple workplace

action kits

uio Cliate Coectors

http://salsa.wiredorchange.com/o/5888/t/4970/signUp.jsp?key=2370

Training community leaders - including rom culturally and

linguistically diverse (CALD) communities and young peoplerom migrant and reugee communities.

mlticltral Leaders or Sstaiaility - Eiroet victoria ad Cetre or mlticltral Yoth

www.environmentvictoria.org.au/learn/category/campaign-ocus/sustainable-liestyles/multicultural-leaders-sustainabilitygreeTow - Eiroet victoria

www.environmentvictoria.org.au/learn/category/campaign-ocus/sustainable-liestyles/green-town

Discssio starter tools:

Short clip: Canadian WWF Ad: www.youtube.com/watch?v=GrlEQ15mVPM 

Fll-leth oie: Transition Towns Movie: In Transition: http://transitionculture.org/in-transition/  

Flash cards: Slim City’s Knowledge Cards: www.weorum.org/pd/slimcity/SlimCity_acilitation_guide.pd 

Scrapbook o Strengths – St Luke’s Innovative Resources: www.innovativeresources.org/deault.asp?cmd=Product&productid=45393

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C sd

Rural Women in a Changing

Climate Regional GatheringsRural Women’s Network,Department o Planning andCommunity Development

Proidi a plator or rral woe to talk aot whatcliate chae eas to the ad what they ca do aot it

As part o the Rural Women in a Changing Climate project, run

through the Department o Planning and Community Development,

26 Regional Gatherings were held throughout rural and regional

Victoria in March and April 2009. The Gatherings, attended by more

than 730 women in total, were held to discuss the challenges acingrural women and their communities, and to address climate change

and drought rom the perspective o rural women. The Gatherings

culminated in a statewide Forum held in Melbourne on 28 April

2009 at which many rural women shared their stories.

For more inormation see the Rural Women in a Changing Climate

Outcomes Summary at:

www.ruralwomen.vic.gov.au/Web15/rwn/rwpgslib.ns/GraphicFiles/R

ural+Women+in+a+Changing+Climate+Outcomes+Summary/$ile/R

ural+Women+in+a+Changing+Climate+Outcomes+Summary.pd 

Southern Grampians and Glenelg

Primary Care Partnership Eai a sall rral coity where cliate chae

is ot ecessarily cosidered a hih priority

Project workers at the Southern Grampians and Glenelg Primary

Care Partnership have highlighted the eectiveness o climate

change engagement strategies that don’t emphasise climate change

in their work with a small community in rural Victoria. Recognising

that climate change may not rank highly on the priority list o

many local people, this place-based project sought to encourage

adaptation to climate change by ocussing on household energy

eciency and its implications or health, wellbeing and comort.

The innovative, but simple, community engagement strategy

involved passing around small temperature data loggers – known

as ‘ibuttons’ – which community members could use to record

temperatures inside their homes. Individualised data sets were

provided to participants plotting in-home temperatures against

outside temperatures and standard human comort measures. The

ibuttons helped create conversations and generate interest within

the community about household energy eciency.

A community workshop was also held to provide tips to improve

energy eciency and participants were put in contact with other

projects to increase eciency. The project, which is just one element

o a range o strategies to improve social connections, health,

transport access and reduce emissions in the area, will be evaluated

through interviews with participants and replacement o ibuttons to

monitor changed behaviour.

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Locl gornmn nrnlnggmn on clm chng

The rst pamphlet in this series made it clear that addressing the

social and equity impacts o climate change is an incredibly complex

challenge requiring an integrated set o responses rom acrossthe ull spectrum o local government activities. It is important to

acknowledge that achieving this is dicult and will be infuenced by:

 the degree o leadership support or an integrated response1.

to the social and equity impacts o climate change; and

the extent to which a wide range o local government sta2.

are inormed and ‘engaged’ with climate change.

1

getti leadership spport or a iterated approachto cliate chae

It is clearly easier to incorporate responses to the social and equity

impacts o climate change across all local government activities

i there is a high-level commitment by council leadership and

management to addressing those impacts, refected in core planning

documents and strategic priorities.

I responding to and addressing local impacts o climate change is

not already a priority or your local government, it may be useul to:

 Highlight the strong social, environmental and economic cases or›

action to address the social and equity impacts o climate change

– see, or example, ‘The case or local government action’ in 1.

 Addressing the social and equity impacts o climate change, (p. 8)which outlines the rationale or local government action, including

the obligations and potential benets to local government o an

integrated response.

 Think about how specic initiatives with multiple benets, such›

as reducing vulnerability to c limate change while strengthening

communities ( see 4. Building resilience), may align with existing

strategic priorities.

 Point to cases where other local governments have beneted rom›

addressing the social and equity impacts o climate change.

2

Eai sta ro dieret areas o the oraisatioot traditioally cocered with isses o eiroetal

sstaiaility

The tips and resources provided on community engagement above

could apply also to the internal ‘community’ o sta at your local

government. The table on the ollowing page, which points to

strategies to help address common responses related to the nature

o climate change, may also help.

Many local governments have already put in place internal processes

or ensuring dierent areas o the organisation are aware o the

need to actor climate change into planning processes, policies

and activities. This can involve anything rom ormal cross-council

committees, systematic internal ‘climate conversations’ and sta

workshops to map out the impacts o climate change on dierent

areas o local government business, to less ormal dialogue between

sta members rom dierent areas or the establishment o social

groups and networks concerned with sustainability issues.

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srg o ddr commonchllng n commnynggmn on clm chng

Challees related to the atre o cliate chae Potetial strateies to address the challee

Ioratio

Lack o access to trusted inormation;

Conusion and uncertainty about climate change trends and impacts

Listen to people’s concerns and points o uncertainty;

Provide basic inormation and opportunities to discuss and ask questions about what the inormation means;

Identiy appropriate respected or authoritative gures to explain inormation.

nb. Two sel resorces or explaii cliate sciece i laya’s ters are:

* The Royal Society: UK National Academy of Science - Climate change controversies: A simple guide: 

http://royalsociety.org/Report_WF.aspx?pageid=8030&terms=Climate+change+controversies

* Grist: How to speak to a climate sceptic: www.grist.org/article/series/skeptics/ 

Distace i tie ad place

Perception that climate change is a long-term threat and thereore

not as important or harder to grasp than immediate or short-term

priorities;

Perception that climate change is something that will aect someone

else, somewhere else.

Break climate change down into locally relevant and specic issues (to do this you need to listen and understand what people’s interests

and concerns are);

Provide opportunities or people to discuss what aspects o the issue are meaningul to them;

Highlight the impacts that a changing climate is already having locally.

Resposiility

Feeling that others/everyone/no-one is responsible;

Concern about ‘ree riders’ i.e. those who benet rom sacrices

made by others

Emphasise the notion o shared responsibility and the importance o collective action;

Highlight the benets o particular sustainable behaviours e.g. reducing household energy costs;

Highlight the work o volunteer groups and encourage people to orm or join local groups or collective initiatives which can help people

eel supported and part o something bigger.

Leadership

Conusion and uncertainty about policy options, impacts and

responsibilities;

Perceived lack o direction and action by government and business

Be as clear as possible about the cur rent policy context;

Acknowledge where clarication o responsibilities is required and consider options or advocacy as appropriate;

Highlight the opportunities or leadership at the local level;

Emphasise the notion o shared responsibility, the importance o collective action and the need to integrate responses into all activities

given the wide-ranging social and equity impacts o climate change.

Sese o powerlessess, hopelessess, atalis

Fear and paralysis because o the overwhelming size o the challenge

Provide a comortable environment in which people can express and discuss their eelings, concerns, ears etc. and help to acilitate

ongoing support networks;

Try to inspire people through positive examples o work being done and solutions-ocussed strategies.

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1Think about ways you could incorporate climate

change inormation into programs you or your council

are already running that involve talking with members

o the community.

Speak to local leaders and public fgures – or example,

the president o the ootball or netball club, schoolprincipal or respected local business leaders. See i they’re

interested in helping create opportunities or community

involvement in climate change discussions or responses.3

Investigate some o the simple but successul

stories rom other councils and give them a call

to ask how they pulled it o.

Organise a DVD screening or an inspiring guest

speaker to do a public talk on climate change

issues, impacts and responses. Include a sign-up list

o interested people and begin to help like-minded

local people talk to each other and organise.2

4Set up inormal e-lists where people

can circulate articles and opinions

about climate-change related issues.

10

ChcklAre you being strategic?

5 qck nd y commnynggmn d

Q1. Do yo kow where yor cocil is at? What climate

change community engagement is already underway? Who is

working with local citizens on issues related to social and equityimpacts o climate change and what are they doing?

Q2. Do yo kow where local coities are at? What

dierent viewpoints about climate change exist within your local

communities? Do people have a strong sense o community? Do

they eel sae etc?

Q3. O all o the this yo cold do, what is ost iportat

to do frst?

Q4. What are yor ojecties? What is the prpose o yor

eaeet? This will help you choose the most appropriate

engagement technique

Q5. Who are yo tryi to eae? Why do you want to involve

them? Why would they want to be involved? What methods

will you use to involve them? How will you know you have

achieved your objective?

Q6. Does yor eaeet stratey reach those ost

disadataed, those whose oices are ote lost or

exclded? How can they be practically assisted to engage?

Q7. What resorces do yo hae (ot ecessarily facial)? 

How can you use existing channels and networks? Who could

you partner with/seek advice rom? Who else within your

council or council networks works with those you are trying

to engage?

Q8. Will yo e ale to show the ipact that yo’e had? 

Q9. How ca yo captre ad lear ro what works well?

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top rorc nd lnkor mor normon

What’s it called? Why chase it p? Where’s it ro? The lik

Cliate Chae CoityEaeet: beefts, Strateies

ad Challees

Key principles and success actors or climate change community engagement,including a wide range o case studies rom Victoria and beyond.

Department o Planning andCommunity Development,

Victorian Government

www.mccaugheycentre.unimelb.edu.au/__data/ assets/pd_ile/0006/158334/CCCE_Final_Report_

Jan_31_2009.pd

Worki with others: bildi Trst

with Coities toolkit

Step by step guide to building trust with communities through well designed

engagement strategies, including helpul tips and checklists.

United Kingdom Environment

Agency

www.ncl.ac.uk/ihs/research/environment/rehmarc/ 

pds/workingwithothers.pd

Eectie Eaeet toolkit:

bildi relatioships with

coity ad other stakeholders

Lots o detail on engagement process, techniques and methods to choose rom Department o Sustainability

and Environment, Victorian

Government

www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/wcmn203.ns/LinkView/ 

933685401F2342A0CA257085001F6F3EA5E28FF

DBEF43DD6CA25707C0014FA62

gloal Wari’s Six Aericas 2009:

A adiece seetatio aalysis

Public attitudes to global warming in the US including breakdown o the survey

questions asked and ndings.

Yale Project on Climate Change

and the George Mason

University Center or Climate

Change Communication

http://environment.yale.edu/ 

uploads/6Americas2009.pd

The Psycholoy o Cliate ChaeCoicatio

Excellent guidelines or communicating climate change – inormed by the underlyinghuman psychology. Intended or scientists, journalists, educators, politi cal aides and

the interested public.

Center or Research onEnvironmental Decisions (CRED),

Columbia University

http://cred.columbia.edu/guide/ 

Report o the Aerica Psycholoical

Taskorce o the Iterace etwee

Psycholoy ad gloal Cliate

Chae

A very detailed look at what psychologists can contribute to understanding climate

change. Including: people’s perceptions o climate change, human behavioural

contributions to it, psychosocial and mental heal th impacts and psychological

barriers to action.

American Psychological

Association

www.apa.org/releases/climate-change.pd

Fterra: Sstaiaility

Coicatios ad the uK

Departet o Cliate Chae

Rules o the Game›

New Rules, New Game›

 Climate Change Communication:›

Tuning the Message. YouTube clip

Two very concise documents translating the evidence base into ti ps or

communicating climate change and communicating or changing climate

behaviours.

YouTube clip o a talk by Solitaire Townsend explaining these tips in greater detail.

Futerra: Sustainability

Communications and the UK

Department or Climate Change

www.uterra.co.uk/downloads/RulesOThe 

Game.pd

www.uterra.co.uk/downloads/ 

NewRules:NewGame.pd

http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay?docid=-5793145161574416720&q=solitaire+townsend

Iteratioal Associatio or Plic

Participatio (IAP2)

Public Participation Toolbox›

IAP2 ning social networking site›

Huge amount o resources and inormation on public engagement.

Very practical inormation on engagement techniques.

Online orum with resources and access to community engagement practitioners

working on climate change.

International Association or

Public Participation

http://iap2.ainiscape.com/associations/4748/ 

iles/06Dec_Toolbox.pd

http://iap2climatecommunity.ning.com/orum

 bildi Coities:

A Leadership Jorey

Evaluation report o a community leadership program ocussed on assisting the

development o local sustainability leaders

Clear Horizon and Victorian Local

Governance Association

www.vlga.org.au/site/DeaultSite/ilesystem/ 

documents/Climate%20Change/BCLJ%20

Final%20Report_VLGA_Dec08.pd

7/27/2019 LJ Toolkit 2010 - 3 Engaging Communities[1]

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/lj-toolkit-2010-3-engaging-communities1 12/12

Printed on FSC certied paper.

acc h oolk :

www.liveableandjust.vlga.org.au

The Liveable & Just project is an initiative o

the Victorian Local Governance Association,

in partnership with the Brotherhood o St

Laurence and the Department o Sustainability

and Environment. The project is unded through

the Victorian Government’s Sustainability Fund

under the Victorian Local Sustainability Accord.

This toolkit has been prepared by the

McCaughey Centre: VicHealth Centre or thePromotion o Mental Health and Community

Wellbeing, Melbourne School o Population

Health, University o Melbourne.

For rhrnormon conc:

Victorian Local Governance Association

www.vlga.org.au

T: +61 3 9349 7999

F: +61 3 9347 9933